The Enchanting Green Venice of France

• HelloBonjour
  [bohn-zhoor]
• GoodbyeAu revoir
  [oh ruh-vwahr]
• YesOui
  [wee]
• NoNon
  [nohn]
• Please/You're welcomeS'il vous plaît/De rien
  [seel voo pleh/dee ryehn]
• Thank youMerci
  [mehr-see]
• Excuse me/SorryExcusez-moi/Désolé
  [ehks-kew-zay mwah/deh-zoh-lay]
• How are you?Comment ça va?
  [koh-mohn sah vah]
• Fine. And you?Bien. Et vous?
  [byehn/ay voo]
• Do you speak English?Parlez-vous anglais?
  [par-lay voo ahn-glay]
• I don't understandJe ne comprends pas
  [zhuh nuh kohm-prahnd pah]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseJe voudrais voir le menu, s'il vous plaît
  [zhuh voo-dray vwahr luh meh-noo, seel voo pleh]
• I don't eat meatJe ne mange pas de viande
  [zhuh nuh mahnj pah duh vyand]
• Cheers!Santé!
  [sahn-tay]
• I would like to pay, pleaseJe voudrais payer, s'il vous plaît
  [zhuh voo-dray pay-yay, seel voo pleh]

• Help!Au secours!
  [oh se-koo]
• Go away!Allez-vous-en!
  [ah-lay voo zahn]
• Call the Police!Appelez la police!
  [ah-pay-lay lah poh-lees]
• Call a doctor!Appelez un médecin!
  [ah-pay-lay uh mayd-sehn]
• I'm lostJe suis perdu
  [zhuh swee pehr-doo]
• I'm illJe suis malade
  [zhuh swee mah-lahd]

• I'd like to buy...Je voudrais acheter...
  [zhuh voo-dray zheh-tay]
• I'm just lookingJe regarde juste
  [zhuh ruh-gahrd zhehst]
• How much is it?Combien ça coûte?
  [kohm-byen sah koot]
• That's too expensiveC'est trop cher
  [say troh shair]
• Can you lower the price?Pouvez-vous baisser le prix?
  [poo-veh voo beh-say luh pree]

• What time is it?Quelle heure est-il?
  [kell uhr ay eel]
• It's one o'clockIl est une heure
  [eel ay ehn uhr]
• Half past (10)Dix et demie
  [dees ay duh-mee]
• MorningMatin
  [mah-tahn]
• AfternoonAprès-midi
  [ah-pray mee-dee]
• EveningSoir
  [swahr]
• YesterdayHier
  [ee-ehr]
• TodayAujourd'hui
  [oh-zhoor-dwee]
• TomorrowDemain
  [duh-mahn]
• 1Un
  [uhn]
• 2Deux
  [duh]
• 3Trois
  [trwah]
• 4Quatre
  [kat-ruh]
• 5Cinq
  [sank]
• 6Six
  [sees]
• 7Sept
  [set]
• 8Huit
  [wheat]
• 9Neuf
  [nurf]
• 10Dix
  [dees]

• Where's a/the...?Où est...?
  [oo ay]
• What's the address?Quelle est l'adresse?
  [kell ay la-dress]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Pouvez-vous me montrer (sur la carte)?
  [poo-veh voo muh mohn-tray (surr lah kart)]
• When's the next (bus)?Quand est le prochain (bus)?
  [kahn ay luh pro-shahn (boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un billet (pour ....)
  [uhn bee-yay (poor)]

The Marais Poitevin, also known as the Green Venice, is an extensive marshland that began forming around 10,000 years ago, following the last Ice Age. Originally part of the Gulf of Pictons, the area began to silt up gradually, leading to the formation of extensive wetlands. This natural evolution created a unique landscape that would later become a focal point for human settlement and agricultural development.

During the Roman era, the Marais Poitevin was utilized for its fertile lands. The Romans were the first to attempt drainage and cultivation of the marshlands. They constructed early drainage systems that laid the groundwork for future agricultural activities. Their influence on the region is evident from remnants of Roman roads and settlements discovered in the area.

In the Middle Ages, monastic communities significantly contributed to the development of Marais Poitevin. Abbeys like the Abbey of Maillezais played a crucial role in draining the marshes and converting them into arable land. The monks dug canals and built dykes, creating a network that improved agricultural productivity. This period marked the transformation of the marshland into a more structured and habitable landscape.

In the 17th century, Dutch engineers were invited to Marais Poitevin to enhance the existing drainage systems. Their expertise led to the construction of additional canals and the establishment of a more efficient water management system. This period saw significant improvements in land reclamation and agricultural output, solidifying the region's reputation as a fertile and productive area.

By the 19th century, the Marais Poitevin had developed into an intricate network of canals, earning the nickname 'Green Venice.' The local culture evolved around this unique landscape, with traditional flat-bottomed boats known as 'barques' becoming a common mode of transportation. The region's distinct identity emerged through its waterways, local architecture, and agricultural practices, which have been preserved and celebrated to this day.

In recent decades, efforts have been made to preserve the Marais Poitevin's unique ecosystem. Recognized as a Regional Natural Park in 1979, the area has been the focus of various conservation projects aimed at protecting its biodiversity and cultural heritage. These initiatives seek to balance agricultural use with environmental sustainability, ensuring that the Marais Poitevin remains a treasured natural and cultural landmark.

Marais Poitevin, often referred to as the 'Green Venice of France', is situated in the western part of the country. The nearest major city is La Rochelle, which has an international airport (La Rochelle – Île de Ré Airport). From La Rochelle, you can rent a car or take a regional train to Niort, a key gateway to the Marais Poitevin. Alternatively, you can fly into Nantes Atlantique Airport or Bordeaux-Mérignac Airport, both of which are a couple of hours' drive away. Regular train services from Paris also connect to Niort, taking around 2.5 hours.

Once in Marais Poitevin, the best way to explore the area is by bicycle or boat. There are numerous rental shops for both options in towns like Coulon and Arçais. For those who prefer public transport, local buses connect the main towns, though services can be infrequent. Renting a car provides greater flexibility, especially for visiting the more remote areas of the wetlands. Walking is also a pleasant way to explore the picturesque villages and natural landscapes.

The official currency in France is the Euro (EUR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in most hotels, restaurants, and shops in Marais Poitevin. However, it is advisable to carry some cash, particularly for smaller establishments, markets, and rural areas. ATMs are available in major towns like Niort and Coulon. Be sure to inform your bank of your travel plans to avoid any issues with card transactions.

Marais Poitevin is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, as with any travel destination, it's important to stay vigilant. Petty crimes like pickpocketing can occur in busier tourist spots, so keep an eye on your belongings. Avoid isolated areas after dark, especially if you are not familiar with the area. There are no specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, but always practice common sense and standard safety precautions.

In case of an emergency, dial 112, the European emergency number, for immediate assistance. Medical facilities are available in Niort, the largest nearby town. It's recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Pharmacies are accessible in most towns where you can obtain over-the-counter medications. For non-urgent issues, local tourist information centers can provide assistance and guidance.

Fashion: Do dress comfortably and appropriately for outdoor activities, especially if you plan to explore the wetlands by boat or bike. Don't wear overly flashy or revealing clothing, as it may be considered disrespectful in rural areas. Religion: Do respect local customs, especially when visiting churches or religious sites. Public Transport: Do be courteous and offer seats to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a polite 'Bonjour' (Good day) and a handshake. Eating & Drinking: Do try local specialties such as 'Mogette' beans and 'Angelica' liqueur. Don’t refuse food or drink offerings, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Marais Poitevin like a local, consider visiting during the quieter shoulder seasons of spring or fall. Rent a traditional flat-bottomed boat (barque) for a serene trip through the canals. Engage with locals at markets and small cafes, especially in towns like Coulon, to learn more about the region's culture and history. Don’t miss exploring the village of La Garette, known for its charming houses and gardens, and sampling the local cuisine, particularly the fresh produce and dairy products.