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Historical Gholghola City: The City of Screams

Unearth the echoes of history at the City of Screams in Bamyan, where ancient ruins meet breathtaking landscapes, offering a glimpse into a resilient past [4, 6].

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Explore the haunting ruins of Gholghola City in Bamyan, Afghanistan, also known as the 'City of Screams' [4, 6]. This ancient city, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, stands as a testament to Afghanistan's rich and turbulent past [6, 13]. Once a thriving hub along the Silk Road, it met a tragic end at the hands of the Mongol armies in 1221 [4, 6].

A brief summary to Historical Gholghola City

  • RR9Q+M8H, Bamyan, AF

Local tips

  • Wear comfortable shoes as the terrain is uneven and requires walking [4].
  • Visit during sunrise or sunset for stunning views and fewer crowds [4].
  • Hire a local guide for deeper insights into the history and significance [4].
  • Bring water and snacks, as amenities are limited at the site [4].
  • Respect the local customs and traditions while visiting this historical site [22].
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Getting There

  • Taxi/Ride-Share

    From Bamyan city center, taxis are readily available [4]. A shared taxi ('sayar') to Gholghola City from the main taxi stand near the local market costs approximately 200 AFN per person [4]. The ride takes about 15-20 minutes, dropping you near the entrance [4]. Negotiate the fare beforehand for private taxis, which may cost between 500-1000 AFN [4, 18].

  • Walking

    For adventurous travelers, walking from Bamyan city center is an option [4]. Head west on Bazaar Road until its end, then turn left at the roundabout onto Sayadabad Street [6, 9]. The site is approximately 1.5 kilometers from the bazaar [6, 9]. The walk, which curves past wheat and potato fields, is a pleasant one, particularly in late summer [6]. Be aware that the path leading up to the citadel is steep and requires a moderate level of fitness [6]. Note that you will need to pass through a police checkpoint, so make sure to have your Bamyan Entrance Ticket which costs 300 AFS and includes access to the Buddha Niches, Shahr-e Zohak, and Shahr-e Gholghola [4, 25]. Tickets can be purchased at the Director of Information & Culture located in front of the Buddha Niches [4, 25].

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Discover more about Historical Gholghola City

Historical Gholghola City, or Shahr-e Gholghola, stands as a poignant reminder of Afghanistan's rich and often turbulent past [4]. Located in the heart of the Bamyan Valley, this ancient city, whose name translates to 'City of Screams,' offers visitors a unique opportunity to step back in time and explore the remnants of a once-thriving civilization [4, 6]. The city's strategic location amidst the towering mountains and fertile valleys made it a significant hub for trade and culture for centuries [4]. The history of Gholghola dates back to the Ghurid dynasty in the 12th and 13th centuries when it served as a formidable fortress city [4, 13]. Its strategic importance was due to its location along the Silk Road, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas between the East and West [4, 6]. The city flourished, boasting impressive architecture, intricate water systems, and a vibrant cultural life [4]. However, its prosperity was not to last [4]. In 1221, Gholghola faced its darkest hour when it was besieged and ultimately destroyed by the Mongol armies of Genghis Khan [4, 6]. Legend has it that the city earned its sorrowful name from the screams of its inhabitants during the brutal massacre that followed the Mongol conquest [4, 6, 16]. The devastation was so complete that Gholghola never fully recovered, leaving behind the haunting ruins that stand today [4]. Exploring Gholghola City today is an immersive experience [4]. As you wander through the ruins, you'll encounter the remnants of the city's defensive walls, which once stood tall and protected its inhabitants [4]. The citadel, perched atop the highest point of the city, offers panoramic views of the Bamyan Valley, providing a sense of the city's strategic importance [4]. Within the ruins, you can also find traces of residential areas, marketplaces, and religious structures, offering glimpses into the daily life of its former residents [4]. The city's water system, an engineering marvel for its time, is also visible, showcasing the ingenuity of its builders [4]. The intricate network of canals and reservoirs ensured a reliable water supply for the city, even during times of drought [4]. The ruins also hold fragments of Buddha statues and ancient murals, testaments to the region's pre-Islamic Buddhist heritage [4]. Visiting Gholghola is not just about exploring ancient ruins; it's also about connecting with the rich cultural tapestry of the Bamyan Valley [4]. The valley is renowned for its stunning natural beauty, with towering cliffs, lush valleys, and a serene atmosphere that invites contemplation [4, 6]. The majestic mountains surrounding the city provide ample opportunities for hiking and outdoor adventures, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers [4]. Beyond its historical and natural attractions, Gholghola offers a chance to engage with the local culture and traditions of the Hazara people, who have inhabited the region for centuries [4, 26].

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