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Reef Bay Sugar Mill Ruins: A Glimpse into St. John's History

Discover St. John's past at the Reef Bay Sugar Mill Ruins, a preserved glimpse into the island's plantation history within a lush, natural setting.

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Explore the well-preserved ruins of the Reef Bay Sugar Mill, a historic site on St. John, US Virgin Islands, that offers a tangible connection to the island's plantation past. Hike through lush landscapes to discover the remnants of this once-thriving sugar factory, complete with stone structures and old machinery.

A brief summary to Reef Bay Sugar Mill Ruins

Local tips

  • Wear sturdy, closed-toe shoes for the Reef Bay Trail hike, as the path can be steep, rocky, and slippery.
  • Bring plenty of water and snacks, as there are limited facilities available near the ruins.
  • Consider visiting during the dry season (December to July) for clear skies and bearable temperatures.
  • Allow several hours to complete the Reef Bay Trail hike and explore the ruins.
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Getting There

  • Hiking

    The Reef Bay Sugar Mill Ruins are accessed via the Reef Bay Trail, which begins approximately 5 miles outside of Cruz Bay on Centerline Road (Route 10). From the trailhead, it's a nearly 3-mile hike down a tropical forest valley to the sea. The trail is steep and rocky in places, so wear sturdy shoes. Allow about 3.5 hours for the hike from the trailhead to the valley floor, and longer for the return trip. Parking at the trailhead is limited.

  • Public Transport

    To reach the Reef Bay Trailhead using public transport, take the VItran bus from the Cruz Bay terminal. The bus route runs along Centerline Road. Ask the driver to let you off at the Reef Bay Trailhead. The bus ride takes approximately 30 minutes. From the trailhead, follow the Reef Bay Trail about 1.5 miles to reach the ruins. The bus fare is around $1-$2 per person.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are readily available from Cruz Bay. A taxi to the Reef Bay Trailhead will cost approximately $15-$20. Confirm the fare with the driver before starting your trip. From the trailhead, follow the Reef Bay Trail about 1.5 miles to reach the ruins.

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Discover more about Reef Bay Sugar Mill Ruins

The Reef Bay Sugar Mill Ruins, nestled within Virgin Islands National Park on St. John, offer a captivating journey into the island's rich history. The site, part of the Reef Bay Sugar Factory Historic District, showcases the remnants of a once-bustling sugar plantation that significantly shaped the Caribbean economy. Originally a cattle and cotton plantation in the 17th and early 18th centuries, it transitioned to sugar production in the late 18th century. The Reef Bay Sugar Mill operated until the early 20th century, making it the longest-running sugar factory on St. John. A key factor in its longevity was the adoption of steam power in the 1860s. Visitors can explore the towering walls and arched windows of the ruins, remnants of the architectural prowess of the time. The factory complex includes a boiling room, an animal-powered mill, and a still with a cooling cistern used for distilling rum. The ruins evoke a sense of mystery and grandeur, offering a tangible reminder of the lives of those who worked the fields and mills. The Taino people inhabited the area between 500-1500 AD, leaving behind petroglyphs carved in rocks. The journey to the ruins is an adventure in itself, with a scenic hike through diverse ecosystems. The Reef Bay Trail descends through a shady, moist forest, passing the remains of four sugar estates. The trail is steep and can be slippery, so sturdy shoes are recommended.

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