Explore the Timeless Charm of Old City Nicosia

• HelloΓεια σας
  [Ya sas]
• GoodbyeΑντίο
  [Adio]
• YesΝαι
  [Ne]
• NoΌχι
  [Ochi]
• Please/You're welcomeΠαρακαλώ
  [Parakalo]
• Thank youΕυχαριστώ
  [Efharisto]
• Excuse me/SorryΣυγνώμη
  [Signomi]
• How are you?Πώς είστε;
  [Pos iste?]
• Fine. And you?Καλά. Εσείς;
  [Kala. Esis?]
• Do you speak English?Μιλάτε Αγγλικά;
  [Milate Anglika?]
• I don't understandΔεν καταλαβαίνω
  [Den katalaveno]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseΘα ήθελα να δω το μενού, παρακαλώ
  [Tha ithela na do to menou, parakalo]
• I don't eat meatΔεν τρώω κρέας
  [Den troo kreas]
• Cheers!ΥΓΕΙΑ!
  [Yia]
• I would like to pay, pleaseΘα ήθελα να πληρώσω, παρακαλώ
  [Tha ithela na plirosso, parakalo]

• Help!Βοήθεια!
  [Voithia]
• Go away!Φύγε!
  [Fiye]
• Call the Police!Καλέστε την Αστυνομία!
  [Kaleste tin Astinomia]
• Call a doctor!Καλέστε έναν γιατρό!
  [Kaleste enan giatro]
• I'm lostΈχω χαθεί
  [Eho hathee]
• I'm illΕίμαι άρρωστος
  [Ime arrostos]

• I'd like to buy...Θα ήθελα να αγοράσω...
  [Tha ithela na agoraso]
• I'm just lookingΑπλά κοιτάω
  [Apla kitao]
• How much is it?Πόσο κοστίζει;
  [Poso kostizi?]
• That's too expensiveΑυτό είναι πολύ ακριβό
  [Afto ine poli akribo]
• Can you lower the price?Μπορείτε να μειώσετε την τιμή;
  [Borite na miosete tin timi?]

• What time is it?Τι ώρα είναι;
  [Ti ora ine?]
• It's one o'clockΕίναι μία ώρα
  [Ine mia ora]
• Half past (10)Μισή (10)
  [Mise (Deka)]
• MorningΠρωί
  [Proi]
• AfternoonΑπόγευμα
  [Apoyema]
• EveningΒράδυ
  [Vradi]
• YesterdayΧθες
  [Hthes]
• TodayΣήμερα
  [Simera]
• TomorrowΑύριο
  [Aurio]
• 1Ένα
  [Ena]
• 2Δύο
  [Dyo]
• 3Τρία
  [Tria]
• 4Τέσσερα
  [Tessera]
• 5Πέντε
  [Pente]
• 6Έξι
  [Exi]
• 7Επτά
  [Epta]
• 8Οκτώ
  [Okto]
• 9Εννιά
  [Ennia]
• 10Δέκα
  [Deka]

• Where's a/the...?Πού είναι ένα/το...;
  [Pou ine ena/to...?]
• What's the address?Ποια είναι η διεύθυνση;
  [Pia ine i diefthinsi?]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Μπορείτε να μου δείξετε (στον χάρτη);
  [Borite na mou dixete (ston charti)?]
• When's the next (bus)?Πότε είναι το επόμενο (λεωφορείο);
  [Pote ine to epomeno (leoforeio)?]
• A ticket (to ....)Ένα εισιτήριο (για ....)
  [Ena isitirio (gia ....)]

The history of the Old City of Nicosia dates back to the Byzantine period, when it was established around the 10th century AD. It became an important administrative and religious center, with the construction of significant churches and fortifications. The city was named 'Lefkosia' during this period, and it played a crucial role in the defense against invasions.

In the 12th century, Nicosia became the capital of the Kingdom of Cyprus under the Lusignan dynasty. This era saw the construction of many Gothic-style structures, including the iconic St. John's Cathedral and the Venetian walls that still surround the Old City. The Lusignans also established Nicosia as a cultural hub, fostering a blend of Latin and Greek traditions.

The Venetian Republic took control of Cyprus in 1489, further enhancing the fortifications of Nicosia. They built impressive walls, bastions, and gates, which significantly shaped the urban landscape of the Old City. This period also saw increased trade and economic activity, as the city thrived as a commercial center.

In 1570, Nicosia fell to the Ottoman Turks, marking a significant cultural shift in the Old City. The Ottomans introduced their architectural style, evident in structures such as mosques and public baths. The city became a melting pot of cultures, with Muslims, Christians, and Jews coexisting, leading to a rich tapestry of traditions and customs.

Following the British occupation in 1878, Nicosia experienced modernization and urban planning. The colonial government implemented infrastructure improvements, including roads and public buildings, while also preserving some of the city’s historical architecture. This era laid the groundwork for contemporary Nicosia, as it began to integrate modern amenities with its historical roots.

The 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus led to the division of Nicosia into two parts, with the Old City becoming a focal point of cultural and political significance. The Green Line, which runs through the city, symbolizes the separation and has influenced the cultural identity of the area. Efforts to preserve and restore the Old City have gained momentum, reflecting a desire to bridge communities and celebrate shared history.

Old City in Nicosia is easily accessible from various neighborhoods. If you are arriving from the city center, you can walk to the Old City in about 15-20 minutes. Public buses also serve the area, with routes connecting to major districts. The nearest bus stop is located on the perimeter of the Old City, close to Famagusta Gate. For those coming from the airport, taxis are available, or you can take a shuttle bus to the city center and then walk or use public transport to reach the Old City.

Old City is predominantly pedestrian-friendly, making it ideal for exploring on foot. There are no trains or trams within the Old City. Public buses operate outside the walls and can take you to adjacent neighborhoods. Bicycles can be rented in certain spots, but navigating through the narrow streets may be challenging. Taxis are available for longer distances or if you're traveling late at night.

Old City is generally safe for tourists, but as in any urban area, it's important to stay alert. Avoid poorly lit streets at night and be cautious in less populated areas. While crime rates are low, petty crimes such as pickpocketing can occur in crowded places, especially near popular attractions. Specific areas like the outskirts near the border may have heightened security, so it's advisable to remain aware of your surroundings.

In case of an emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. Local hospitals and clinics are available in Nicosia, and it is advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. If you require police assistance, contact the local police station, which is easily accessible in the Old City area. Pharmacies are also available for minor health issues.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, particularly when visiting churches and mosques; avoid revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions; always cover your head when entering religious sites. Public Transport: Do be courteous to fellow passengers; don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet with a handshake; don’t use overly casual language or gestures. Eating & Drinking: Do try traditional Cypriot dishes and drink local coffee; don't waste food or refuse hospitality, as it may be seen as impolite.

To experience Old City like a local, take time to wander the winding streets and explore local markets for authentic Cypriot products. Engage with shop owners and locals, who are often willing to share recommendations and stories. Don't miss the chance to try 'kebap' from a local eatery and enjoy a coffee at a traditional café. Attend local events or festivals if they coincide with your visit, as they offer a glimpse into Cypriot culture and community life.