Hornstrandir Nature Reserve: Iceland's Untouched Wilderness

• HelloHalló
  [HAH-loh]
• GoodbyeBless
  [bless]
• YesJá
  [yow]
• NoNei
  [nay]
• Please/You're welcomeGjörðu svo vel
  [GYOR-thu s-voh vel]
• Thank youTakk
  [tahk]
• Excuse me/SorryAfsakið
  [AHF-sah-kith]
• How are you?Hvernig hefurðu það?
  [KVER-nik HEH-vur-thu thahd]
• Fine. And you?Í lagi. En þú?
  [EE lah-gee. Ehn thoo]
• Do you speak English?Talar þú ensku?
  [TA-lahr thoo EHN-skoo]
• I don't understandÉg skil ekki
  [yeg skil EHK-ki]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseÉg væri til í að sjá matsedilinn, takk
  [yeg VAI-ree til eeth syah MAHT-se-thil-inn, tahk]
• I don't eat meatÉg borða ekki kjöt
  [yeg BOR-tha EHK-ki chot]
• Cheers!Skál!
  [skowl]
• I would like to pay, pleaseÉg væri til í að greiða, takk
  [yeg VAI-ree til eeth gray-tha, tahk]

• Help!Hjálp!
  [HYOWLP]
• Go away!Farðu burt!
  [FAHR-thu buhrt]
• Call the Police!Hringdu í lögregluna!
  [HRING-thoo ee LOH-gre-gluna]
• Call a doctor!Hringdu í læknin!
  [HRING-thoo ee LAYK-nin]
• I'm lostÉg er villtur
  [yeg air VIL-thur]
• I'm illÉg er veikur
  [yeg air VAI-kur]

• I'd like to buy...Ég ætla að kaupa...
  [yeg AIH-tla ath KOY-pa]
• I'm just lookingÉg er bara að skoða
  [yeg air BA-ra ath SKO-tha]
• How much is it?Hvað kostar það?
  [kvath KOS-tahr thahd]
• That's too expensiveÞað er of dýrt
  [thath air ohf DEERT]
• Can you lower the price?Geturðu lækkað verðið?
  [YE-thur-thoo LAIK-kath VER-thith]

• What time is it?Hvað er klukkan?
  [kvath air KLUK-kahn]
• It's one o'clockKlukkan er eitt
  [KLUK-kahn air ayt]
• Half past (10)Hálf tíu
  [howlf tee-oo]
• MorningMorgunn
  [MOR-gun]
• AfternoonEftir hádegi
  [EF-teer HOW-deh-gee]
• EveningKvöld
  [kvuhlt]
• YesterdayÍ gær
  [EE gai-r]
• TodayÍ dag
  [EE dahg]
• TomorrowÁ morgun
  [ow MOR-gun]
• 1Eitt
  [ayt]
• 2Tveir
  [t-vey-r]
• 3Þrír
  [threer]
• 4Fjórir
  [FYOH-reer]
• 5Fimm
  [feem]
• 6Sex
  [sehx]
• 7Sjö
  [syoh]
• 8Átta
  [ow-tha]
• 9Níu
  [nee-u]
• 10Tíu
  [tee-oo]

• Where's a/the...?Hvar er...?
  [kvar air]
• What's the address?Hvað er heimilisfangið?
  [kvath air HAY-mil-is-fahn-gith]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Geturðu sýnt mér (á kortinu)?
  [YE-thur-thoo seent mair (ow KOR-tinu)]
• When's the next (bus)?Hvenær kemur næsta (strætisvagn)?
  [KVER-nai-r KEH-mur NAIS-ta (STRAY-tis-vahn)]
• A ticket (to ....)Miða (til ....)
  [MEE-tha (til)]

Hornstrandir was first settled during the Viking Age, around the late 9th century. The Norse settlers established farms and small communities in this remote and rugged terrain. Evidence of early human activity, such as ancient ruins and remnants of turf houses, can still be found scattered throughout the reserve.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Hornstrandir witnessed a brief economic boom due to the abundance of herring in its waters. Fishing villages like Aðalvík and Hesteyri flourished during this period, with residents relying heavily on the sea for their livelihood. Processing factories and infrastructure were developed rapidly to support the herring industry.

During World War II, Hornstrandir's strategic location made it a site of military significance. British and American forces established radar stations and lookout posts to monitor enemy movements in the North Atlantic. The remnants of these military installations can still be seen today, offering a glimpse into the area's wartime past.

By the mid-20th century, the harsh living conditions and isolation led to the gradual depopulation of Hornstrandir. The last permanent residents left by the 1950s, leaving behind ghost towns and abandoned farms. This mass exodus marked the end of an era of human habitation in the region.

In 1975, recognizing the unique ecological and historical value of the area, the Icelandic government established Hornstrandir as a nature reserve. This designation aimed to protect its pristine landscapes, diverse wildlife, and cultural heritage. The reserve covers approximately 580 square kilometers and is now a haven for hikers, nature enthusiasts, and history buffs.

Today, Hornstrandir Nature Reserve is managed by the Icelandic Environment Agency. Extensive conservation efforts are in place to preserve its delicate ecosystems and historical sites. Ongoing research and monitoring programs aim to maintain the region's biodiversity, while sustainable tourism initiatives ensure that visitors can experience its beauty responsibly.

Hornstrandir Nature Reserve is located in the northwest of Iceland and is accessible only by boat. The most common departure point is the town of Ísafjörður, which has daily flights from Reykjavik. From Ísafjörður, several boat operators offer services to various locations within Hornstrandir. It is advisable to book your boat trip in advance, especially during the peak summer months.

Once in Hornstrandir, there are no roads or vehicles. Transportation is entirely on foot, so be prepared for extensive hiking. The reserve is crisscrossed with well-marked trails that range from easy walks to challenging multi-day treks. It is essential to carry a detailed map and a GPS device, as mobile phone coverage is unreliable. Boat transfers can be arranged to move between different parts of the reserve, but these should be scheduled in advance.

The official currency in Iceland is the Icelandic Króna (ISK). As Hornstrandir is a remote wilderness area, there are no facilities for exchanging money or withdrawing cash. Ensure you have enough ISK before leaving Ísafjörður. Most boat operators and service providers in Ísafjörður accept credit cards, but it is wise to carry some cash for emergencies.

Hornstrandir is a safe destination with no crime targeting tourists. However, the rugged and isolated nature of the reserve means that safety precautions are crucial. Always inform someone of your hiking plans and expected return time. Weather conditions can change rapidly, so carry appropriate gear and supplies. There are no permanent settlements or emergency services within the reserve, so self-sufficiency is essential.

In case of an emergency, the nearest assistance will be from Ísafjörður. Carry a satellite phone or a personal locator beacon (PLB) for emergencies, as mobile phone coverage is limited. The Icelandic Search and Rescue (ICE-SAR) team can be contacted for emergencies. Ensure you have comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical evacuations and outdoor activities.

Fashion: Do wear layered, weather-appropriate clothing and sturdy hiking boots. Avoid wearing cotton, as it retains moisture. Religion: There are no religious sites in Hornstrandir, but always show respect for any cultural landmarks or ruins you may encounter. Public Transport: There is no public transport within the reserve. All travel is by foot or boat. Greetings: Do greet fellow hikers warmly. A simple 'hello' is sufficient. Eating & Drinking: Do carry all necessary food and drinking water, as there are no facilities within the reserve. Always pack out all waste.

To experience Hornstrandir like a local, take the time to learn about the history of the abandoned villages and the way of life of the former inhabitants. Visit the old farmsteads and ruins to get a sense of the area's past. Engage with local guides who can provide deep insights into the flora, fauna, and history of the reserve. Always adhere to the Leave No Trace principles to preserve the pristine environment.