Bethlehem: A Journey Through History and Culture

Discover the ancient and spiritual heart of Bethlehem, where history, culture, and natural beauty converge in a timeless experience.

Looking to book tours, experiences or hotels? Let me help you...

Home
Israel
Bethlehem

Bethlehem, located in the West Bank, is a city rich in history and culture. Known primarily as the birthplace of Jesus Christ, it attracts millions of visitors each year. The Church of the Nativity stands as a testament to this significant event, with its stunning architecture and deeply spiritual atmosphere. Beyond its religious significance, Bethlehem offers a vibrant cultural experience. Wander through the bustling markets where you can find local crafts, spices, and delicious Middle Eastern cuisine. The city is also home to several museums and art galleries that showcase the region's rich history and contemporary art scene. Bethlehem's natural beauty is equally captivating. The surrounding hills and valleys provide breathtaking views and numerous hiking opportunities. The city's friendly locals are always eager to share their stories and traditions, making your visit even more memorable.

Local tips in Bethlehem

Visit the Church of the Nativity early in the morning to avoid crowds and have a more peaceful experience.
Try the local cuisine, especially the fresh falafel and kanafeh, a traditional Palestinian dessert.
Hire a local guide to gain deeper insights into the city's history and culture.
Explore the local markets for unique souvenirs and handmade crafts.
Respect local customs and dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites.

File:The Church of The Nativity, Bethlehem, Palestine.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

ملف:Manger Square, Bethlehem (25894141005).jpg - ويكيبيديا

ملف:Chapel of the Milk Grotto, Bethlehem.jpg - ويكيبيديا

File:Roman Catholic church of Shepherds Field Chapel, Bethlehem, Palestine2.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

File:Children Street, Bethlehem, Palestine.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

File:The walled off hotel outlook.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

When is the best time to go to Bethlehem?

Iconic landmarks you can’t miss

Church of the Nativity

Experience the spiritual and historical significance of the Church of the Nativity, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Bethlehem, marking the birthplace of Jesus Christ.

Chapel of the Shepherds’ Field

Explore the Chapel of the Shepherds' Field in Beit Sahour, a serene and historic site where faith and heritage meet in the Holy Land.

Nativity Hotel

Discover the essence of Bethlehem at Nativity Hotel, a perfect fusion of comfort and cultural exploration in this historic city.

Shepherds' Field

Experience the tranquility and biblical significance of Shepherds' Field, a must-visit destination near Bethlehem for spiritual seekers and history enthusiasts.

Solomon's Pools

Discover the historical and natural wonders of Solomon's Pools, an archaeological site in Bethlehem offering stunning landscapes and rich cultural heritage.

Milk Grotto Church

Experience the tranquility of Milk Grotto Church in Bethlehem, a sacred site of nursing Jesus, rich in history and serene beauty.

Palestinian Heritage Center

Explore the vibrant culture and history of Palestine at the Palestinian Heritage Center, a must-visit tourist attraction for cultural enthusiasts.

Rachel's Tomb

Discover the spiritual essence of Rachel's Tomb in Bethlehem, a sacred site rich in history and cultural significance.

Convention Palace Company - CPC

Discover the Convention Palace Company in Bethlehem, a modern venue blending cultural heritage with state-of-the-art facilities for unforgettable events.

Taxi Ali Bethlehem Tours services

Experience the rich history and vibrant culture of Bethlehem effortlessly with Taxi Ali's personalized taxi services, perfect for every tourist.

House Of Peace

Experience the warmth of local hospitality at the House of Peace, a charming guesthouse in the heart of Bethlehem, perfect for your cultural journey.

Herodion Hotel Bethlehem

Experience luxury and cultural richness at Herodion Hotel, your gateway to the historic treasures of Bethlehem.

Bab IdDeir Gallery & Kitchen

Discover the culinary delights and artistic charm of Bab IdDeir Gallery & Kitchen in Bethlehem, where culture meets cuisine.

Bethlehem Cave

Discover the serenity of Bethlehem Cave, a guest house offering a unique blend of comfort and cultural immersion in the heart of historic Bethlehem.

Chapel of Saint Catherine

Discover the serene beauty and rich history of the Chapel of Saint Catherine, a significant pilgrimage site in Israel offering peace and reflection.

Unmissable attractions to see

Mahaneh Yehudah Market

Explore the vibrant Mahaneh Yehudah Market in Jerusalem, where food, culture, and shopping come together in a colorful and lively atmosphere.

Masada National Park

Explore the rich history and breathtaking landscapes of Masada National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the heart of the Israeli desert.

Church of the Holy Sepulchre

Explore the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a historic and sacred site in Jerusalem marking the crucifixion, burial, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Al-Aqsa Mosque

Explore Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem's sacred landmark that embodies centuries of history and spirituality in the heart of the city.

The First Station

Experience the vibrant culture of Jerusalem at The First Station, a historic railway transformed into a lively hub of dining, shopping, and entertainment.

Yad Vashem

Explore Yad Vashem, Jerusalem's poignant Holocaust memorial and museum, dedicated to remembrance and education on the impacts of the Holocaust.

The Israel Museum, Jerusalem

Explore The Israel Museum in Jerusalem, home to the Dead Sea Scrolls, diverse art collections, and a beautiful outdoor sculpture garden.

Gethsemane

Discover Gethsemane, a serene historical site in Jerusalem, where ancient olive trees whisper stories of faith and reflection amidst the sacred landscape.

Sacher Park

Discover Sacher Park, an enchanting urban oasis in Jerusalem, perfect for relaxation, recreation, and enjoying nature amidst the city's historical backdrop.

Church of the Nativity

Explore the Church of the Nativity, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the birthplace of Jesus, in the heart of Bethlehem's vibrant cultural landscape.

Tower of David

Explore Jerusalem's rich history at the Tower of David, a fascinating museum and ancient citadel with stunning views and interactive exhibits.

Damascus Gate

Explore the historic Damascus Gate in Jerusalem, a stunning entry point to the Old City rich with culture, architecture, and vibrant local life.

Ma'in Hot Springs

Discover the rejuvenating powers of Ma'in Hot Springs, a stunning natural retreat in Jordan with therapeutic thermal waters and breathtaking landscapes.

The Garden Tomb Jerusalem

Explore the serene beauty and profound history of The Garden Tomb in Jerusalem, a sacred site that invites reflection and spiritual connection.

Qumran National Park

Explore Qumran National Park, a historic site in the Judean Desert, where the ancient Essenes once thrived and the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered.

Essential places to dine

Tent Restaurant

Experience authentic Middle Eastern flavors at Tent Restaurant in Bethlehem's Beit Sahour – a culinary treasure worth discovering.

Little Italy

Discover Little Italy in Bethlehem – where authentic Italian flavors meet warm hospitality in a cozy setting.

Viendo Restaurant & Cafe

Discover authentic Palestinian cuisine at Viendo Restaurant & Cafe in Bethlehem – where every meal tells a story.

Rewined M&D

Discover the vibrant culinary scene at Rewined M&D in Bethlehem - where local flavors meet an inviting atmosphere.

Milano restaurant

Discover the authentic taste of Italy at Milano Restaurant in Bethlehem, where every pizza tells a story of tradition and flavor.

Afteem Restaurant

Experience authentic Palestinian cuisine at Afteem Restaurant in Bethlehem's historic Manger Square.

Peace Center Restaurant

Discover authentic Palestinian flavors at Bethlehem's beloved Peace Center Restaurant, where every dish tells a story.

Black Pepper

Experience authentic Palestinian cuisine at Black Pepper in Bethlehem, where each dish tells a story of culture and tradition.

Astoria Cocktail Room

Discover the essence of nightlife at Astoria Cocktail Room in Bethlehem—where exquisite cocktails meet vibrant atmosphere.

OTTO

Savor authentic Italian dishes at OTTO in Bethlehem - where tradition meets flavor in a cozy atmosphere.

Al Karawan Restaurant

Experience authentic Palestinian cuisine at Al Karawan Restaurant in Bethlehem – where every dish tells a story.

Nirvana Family Restaurant

Experience delightful family dining at Nirvana Family Restaurant with diverse menus and warm hospitality.

Divano Cafe' & Restaurant

Experience exquisite flavors and warm hospitality at Divano Cafe' & Restaurant in Bethlehem—your culinary oasis amidst historic wonders.

Marvel Restaurant

Experience authentic Palestinian cuisine at Marvel Restaurant in Bethlehem, where every dish tells a story.

Wij Al Amar

Experience authentic Middle Eastern flavors at Wij Al Amar in Bethlehem - where culinary tradition meets modern dining.

Markets, malls and hidden boutiques

Zak’s Jerusalem Gifts

Explore the rich heritage of Jerusalem through unique antiques and souvenirs at Zak's Jerusalem Gifts, a must-visit for every traveler.

Sabat Mall - صابات مول

Discover local and international brands at Sabat Mall, Bethlehem's shopping gem, offering great dining and a vibrant atmosphere for every visitor.

Johnny's Souvenir Shop

Explore Johnny's Souvenir Shop in West Orange for unique gifts and local treasures that capture the spirit of your travels.

Ville Mall

Explore Ville Mall in Bethlehem – a shopping paradise with diverse stores, delicious dining, and family-friendly entertainment for all.

LC WAIKIKI Bethlehem

Explore the fashionable world of LC WAIKIKI Bethlehem, where style meets affordability amidst the rich culture of this historic city.

Rony Tabash - Nativity Store

Discover authentic souvenirs and unique gifts at Rony Tabash - Nativity Store in Bethlehem, where tradition meets craftsmanship.

Bethlehem Olive Wood Factory Wholesaler

Explore the rich tradition of olive wood craftsmanship at the Bethlehem Olive Wood Factory, a unique shopping experience in the heart of Bethlehem.

Jerusalem New Souvenir Store

Explore the New Souvenir Store in Jerusalem for unique handcrafted treasures that embody the spirit of this historic city, perfect for every traveler.

Nissan Brothers- Bethlehem New Store

Explore the rich artistry of Bethlehem at Nissan Brothers, your go-to craft store for unique, handcrafted treasures.

The Jerusalem Gift Shop

Explore The Jerusalem Gift Shop for unique handcrafted treasures and souvenirs that embody the rich cultural heritage of Jerusalem.

Barbara Shaw Gifts German colony Jerusalem

Explore Barbara Shaw Gifts in Jerusalem for unique souvenirs, kitchenware, and religious items that capture the essence of Israeli culture.

Kings Store

Discover the spiritual essence of the region at Kings Store, where unique religious souvenirs and local craftsmanship come together in a serene setting.

Beit Sahour Souvenir Store

Explore Beit Sahour Souvenir Store for unique gifts, antiques, and authentic Palestinian jewelry that capture the essence of your travels.

خزانتي Khazanty

Discover chic women's fashion at Khazanty in Bethlehem, where local craftsmanship meets modern style, perfect for every occasion.

The Three Arches

Discover unique handcrafted souvenirs at The Three Arches in Bethlehem, a true reflection of Palestinian culture and artistry.

Essential bars & hidden hideouts

Rabbit Hole

Experience the vibrant nightlife of Jerusalem at Rabbit Hole, where innovative cocktails and a cozy atmosphere await you.

Rewined M&D

Explore the vibrant atmosphere of Rewined M&D in Bethlehem, where delicious food and drinks meet warm local hospitality.

Afteem Restaurant

Savor authentic Palestinian cuisine in the heart of Bethlehem at Afteem Restaurant, where every dish is a celebration of local flavors.

Peace Center Restaurant

Discover the authentic taste of Palestine at Peace Center Restaurant, a culinary haven in Bethlehem offering traditional dishes and warm hospitality.

Astoria Cocktail Room

Discover the vibrant Astoria Cocktail Room in Bethlehem, where expertly crafted cocktails and delicious tapas create an unforgettable evening.

Al Karawan Restaurant

Discover the authentic taste of Bethlehem at Al Karawan Restaurant, where traditional Middle Eastern flavors come to life in a warm and welcoming atmosphere.

Nirvana Family Restaurant

Experience the rich flavors and warm hospitality at Nirvana Family Restaurant, a culinary oasis for every food lover.

Divano Cafe' & Restaurant

Savor the unique flavors of Bethlehem at Divano Cafe' & Restaurant, where local ingredients meet culinary creativity in a cozy ambiance.

Al-jisser pub

Discover Al-Jisser Pub in Bethlehem, where local flavors and a welcoming atmosphere create the perfect spot for relaxation and socializing.

Wij Al Amar

Experience the lively spirit of Bethlehem at Wij Al Amar, where exceptional dining meets vibrant social atmosphere in the heart of the city.

Bonjour Restaurant & Cafe

Discover the essence of Bethlehem's culinary scene at Bonjour Restaurant & Cafe, where local flavors meet a cozy ambiance.

Bevero Lounge

Discover the flavors of Bethlehem at Bevero Lounge, where local cuisine meets a delightful dining experience in a charming atmosphere.

The Barrel

Discover The Barrel, a cozy pub in Bethlehem offering a vibrant atmosphere, great drinks, and a welcoming community vibe for all visitors.

SOUL

Experience the vibrant heartbeat of Bayt Sahur at SOUL, where live music and cultural expression unite for an unforgettable night.

Toledo Resturant

Savor the finest Mediterranean cuisine at Toledo Restaurant in Bethlehem, where every meal is a celebration of flavor and hospitality.

Your Ultimate Free Travel Guide to Bethlehem

Discover Bethlehem with Evendo, a 100% free app-based local travel guide. Explore attractions, landmarks, restaurants, and more with ease and convenience.

Local Phrases

- Helloمرحبا
  [Marhaba]
- Goodbyeوداعا
  [Wada'an]
- Yesنعم
  [Na'am]
- Noلا
  [La]
- Please/You're welcomeمن فضلك
  [Min fadlik]
- Thank youشكرا
  [Shukran]
- Excuse me/Sorryعذرا
  [A'zra]
- How are you?كيف حالك؟
  [Kayf halak?]
- Fine. And you?بخير. وأنت؟
  [Bikhair. Wa anta?]
- Do you speak English?هل تتحدث الإنجليزية؟
  [Hal tatahadath al-ingliziyya?]
- I don't understandأنا لا أفهم
  [Ana la afham]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseأريد أن أرى القائمة، من فضلك
  [Aridu an ara al-qa'imah, min fadlik]
- I don't eat meatأنا لا آكل اللحم
  [Ana la akul al-lahm]
- Cheers!في صحتك!
  [Fi sahtak!]
- I would like to pay, pleaseأود أن أدفع، من فضلك
  [Awadu an adfa', min fadlik]
- Help!النجدة!
  [Al-najdah!]
- Go away!اذهب بعيدا!
  [Izhab ba'idan!]
- Call the Police!اتصل بالشرطة!
  [Itasal bial-shurta!]
- Call a doctor!اتصل بطبيب!
  [Itasal bitalib!]
- I'm lostلقد ضللت الطريق
  [Lakad dalalt al-tariq]
- I'm illأنا مريض
  [Ana mareed]
- I'd like to buy...أود أن أشتري...
  [Awadu an ashtari...]
- I'm just lookingأنا فقط أتفرج
  [Ana faqat atfarij]
- How much is it?كم سعره؟
  [Kam sa'ruh?]
- That's too expensiveهذا غالي جدا
  [Hatha ghali jiddan]
- Can you lower the price?هل يمكنك خفض السعر؟
  [Hal yumkinuk khafd al-si'r?]
- What time is it?كم الوقت؟
  [Kam al-waqt?]
- It's one o'clockالساعة الواحدة
  [Al-sa'ah al-wahidah]
- Half past (10)النصف بعد (10)
  [Al-nisf ba'd (10)]
- Morningالصباح
  [Al-sabah]
- Afternoonالظهر
  [Al-dhuhr]
- Eveningالمساء
  [Al-masa']
- Yesterdayأمس
  [Ams]
- Todayاليوم
  [Al-yawm]
- Tomorrowغدا
  [Ghadan]
- 1واحد
  [Wahid]
- 2اثنان
  [Ithnan]
- 3ثلاثة
  [Thalatha]
- 4أربعة
  [Arba'ah]
- 5خمسة
  [Khamsah]
- 6ستة
  [Sittah]
- 7سبعة
  [Sab'ah]
- 8ثمانية
  [Thamaniah]
- 9تسعة
  [Tis'ah]
- 10عشرة
  [Asharah]
- Where's a/the...?أين ...؟
  [Ayna ...?]
- What's the address?ما هو العنوان؟
  [Ma huwa al-‘anwan?]
- Can you show me (on the map)?هل يمكنك أن تريني (على الخريطة)؟
  [Hal yumkinuk an tarini (‘ala al-khariitah)?]
- When's the next (bus)?متى القادم (الحافلة)؟
  [Mata al-qadim (al-hafilah)?]
- A ticket (to ....)تذكرة (إلى...)
  [Tazkirah (‘ila...)]

History of Bethlehem

Bethlehem, located in the Judean Hills, holds a rich tapestry of history dating back to ancient times. The city is first mentioned in the Amarna letters of the 14th century BCE, during the period of the Egyptian Empire, where it was a Canaanite settlement. The name Bethlehem means 'House of Bread' in Hebrew, indicating its historical role as an agrarian hub.
Bethlehem is perhaps most famous for its role in the biblical narrative. It is cited as the birthplace of King David, Israel's second king and the founder of the Davidic dynasty. The Book of Ruth also places significant events in Bethlehem, where Ruth met Boaz, leading to the lineage that would eventually include David.
For Christians worldwide, Bethlehem is revered as the birthplace of Jesus Christ. According to the New Testament, Mary and Joseph traveled to Bethlehem due to a Roman census, and Jesus was born in a manger because there was no room at the inn. The Church of the Nativity, built over the site where Jesus is believed to have been born, is one of the oldest continuously operating churches in the world.
The Byzantine Empire's influence in Bethlehem is evidenced by the construction of the original Church of the Nativity in the 4th century by Emperor Constantine and his mother, Helena. The Crusaders later fortified the church in the 12th century, adding to its architectural grandeur. These periods were marked by religious and cultural exchanges, contributing to Bethlehem's rich heritage.
Under Ottoman rule from 1517 to 1917, Bethlehem experienced significant changes. The city's economy was largely agrarian, but it also became known for its craftsmanship, particularly in mother-of-pearl and olive wood carvings. The Ottomans also introduced administrative reforms and infrastructural developments, shaping the city's modern landscape.
Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, Bethlehem came under British mandate. This period saw increased tensions between different communities, leading to significant demographic shifts. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Bethlehem was governed by Jordan until the Six-Day War in 1967, when it came under Israeli control. Today, Bethlehem is located in the West Bank and is administered by the Palestinian Authority, making it a focal point in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Bethlehem's cultural heritage is a blend of its diverse historical influences. The city's old quarters are filled with narrow streets and stone houses, reflecting its ancient origins. Traditional crafts, such as olive wood carvings and mother-of-pearl inlays, continue to thrive. Festivals, such as Christmas, draw visitors from around the world, adding to Bethlehem's vibrant cultural scene.

Bethlehem Essentials

Bethlehem is situated just a few kilometers south of Jerusalem. The most common way to reach Bethlehem is by road from Jerusalem. You can take a taxi or a bus from the Jerusalem Central Bus Station. Bus lines 21 and 24 run frequently between Jerusalem and Bethlehem. Alternatively, you can join an organized tour that includes transportation. Be prepared for security checks at the checkpoints between Israel and the West Bank.
Once in Bethlehem, getting around is relatively easy. Taxis are readily available and are a convenient way to navigate the city. You can also use shared taxis, known as 'servees,' which are cheaper and follow fixed routes. Walking is another viable option for exploring the Old City and nearby attractions. For longer trips, consider renting a car, but be mindful of local driving customs and road conditions.
The official currency in Bethlehem is the Israeli Shekel (ILS). Credit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger shops, but it is advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments and markets. ATMs are available throughout the city, especially in tourist areas. It's a good idea to withdraw sufficient cash in advance, as some ATMs may have limited availability.
Bethlehem is generally a safe destination for tourists, but it is important to exercise standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas and be cautious with your belongings in crowded places. The Old City is well-patrolled, but neighborhoods like Aida Camp and Dheisheh Camp can experience occasional unrest. Stay informed about the current political situation and follow local advice.
In case of emergency, dial 100 for police assistance and 101 for medical emergencies. Bethlehem has several medical facilities, including the Holy Family Hospital and Caritas Baby Hospital. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, pharmacies are available throughout the city where you can purchase over-the-counter medications.
Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Always cover your head when entering churches and mosques. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a smile and a handshake. A friendly 'Marhaba' (Hello) is appreciated. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don’t refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.
To experience Bethlehem like a local, visit the bustling Old City markets and try the traditional Palestinian dishes such as Maqluba and Musakhan. Engage with locals, who are often friendly and willing to share stories about the city's history and culture. Don’t miss visiting the Church of the Nativity, Manger Square, and the Milk Grotto. For a unique experience, take a walk along the Bethlehem Wall and view the street art and murals that depict the region's history and struggles.

Bethlehem: A Journey Through History and Culture

Local tips in Bethlehem