The Arctic Wonderland of Svalbard, Norway

• HelloHei
  [hay]
• GoodbyeHa det
  [hah deh]
• YesJa
  [yah]
• NoNei
  [nay]
• Please/You're welcomeVær så god
  [vair soh good]
• Thank youTakk
  [tahk]
• Excuse me/SorryUnnskyld
  [oon-skyld]
• How are you?Hvordan har du det?
  [vor-dan har doo deh]
• Fine. And you?Bra. Og du?
  [bra oh doo]
• Do you speak English?Snakker du engelsk?
  [snak-ker doo eng-elsk]
• I don't understandJeg forstår ikke
  [yay for-stor eek-eh]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseJeg vil gjerne se menyen, takk
  [yay vil yern-eh seh men-yen tahk]
• I don't eat meatJeg spiser ikke kjøtt
  [yay spee-ser eek-eh shøt]
• Cheers!Skål!
  [skowl]
• I would like to pay, pleaseJeg vil gjerne betale, takk
  [yay vil yern-eh beh-tah-leh tahk]

• Help!Hjelp!
  [yelp]
• Go away!Gå bort!
  [gow bort]
• Call the Police!Ring politiet!
  [ring po-lee-tee-et]
• Call a doctor!Ring en lege!
  [ring en leh-geh]
• I'm lostJeg er tapt
  [yay er tahpt]
• I'm illJeg er syk
  [yay er seek]

• I'd like to buy...Jeg vil kjøpe...
  [yay vil shø-peh]
• I'm just lookingJeg bare ser
  [yay bah-reh seh]
• How much is it?Hvor mye koster det?
  [vor myeh kost-er deh]
• That's too expensiveDet er for dyrt
  [deh er for deert]
• Can you lower the price?Kan du senke prisen?
  [kan doo sen-keh prees-en]

• What time is it?Hva er klokka?
  [vah er klok-ah]
• It's one o'clockKlokka er ett
  [klok-ah er eht]
• Half past (10)Halv ti
  [halv tee]
• MorningMorgen
  [mor-gen]
• AfternoonEttermiddag
  [et-ter-meed-dag]
• EveningKveld
  [kvelld]
• YesterdayI går
  [ee gor]
• TodayI dag
  [ee dahg]
• TomorrowI morgen
  [ee mor-gen]
• 1En
  [ehn]
• 2To
  [too]
• 3Tre
  [treh]
• 4Fire
  [feer-eh]
• 5Fem
  [fem]
• 6Seks
  [seks]
• 7Syv
  [soov]
• 8Åtte
  [ot-teh]
• 9Ni
  [nee]
• 10Ti
  [tee]

• Where's a/the...?Hvor er en/et...?
  [vor er en/et]
• What's the address?Hva er adressen?
  [vah er ad-dress-en]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Kan du vise meg (på kartet)?
  [kan doo vee-seh meh (poh kart-et)]
• When's the next (bus)?Når går neste (buss)?
  [norr gor nest-eh (booss)]
• A ticket (to ....)En billett (til ....)
  [ehn bee-let (teel)]

Svalbard, an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, was first discovered by the Dutch explorer Willem Barentsz in 1596. It was during his third expedition in search of the Northern Sea Route that Barentsz stumbled upon these remote islands. The discovery marked the beginning of Svalbard's documented history and set the stage for future explorations.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, Svalbard became a significant hub for whaling, primarily by Dutch, British, and Danish whalers. The rich whaling grounds around the archipelago attracted numerous expeditions, leading to the establishment of temporary whaling stations. This period saw intense competition and occasional conflict among different national fleets vying for the valuable whale oil and blubber.

The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw a shift in Svalbard's economic focus with the discovery of coal deposits. The first mining activities began in 1899, and by the early 20th century, several mining settlements, such as Longyearbyen, Barentsburg, and Sveagruva, were established. These settlements attracted workers from various countries, making Svalbard a melting pot of cultures.

The geopolitical importance of Svalbard was formalized with the signing of the Svalbard Treaty in 1920 in Paris. The treaty granted Norway sovereignty over the archipelago but allowed signatory nations to engage in commercial activities. This unique arrangement has shaped Svalbard's administrative and economic landscape, ensuring a degree of international presence and cooperation.

During World War II, Svalbard's strategic location made it a focal point for military operations. In 1941, Allied forces evacuated the archipelago and destroyed its mining infrastructure to prevent German occupation. Despite these efforts, German forces established weather stations on Svalbard, leading to several skirmishes and sabotage missions throughout the war.

In the post-war era, Svalbard has emerged as a center for scientific research and environmental monitoring. The establishment of the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) in 1993 and the opening of the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in 2008 are testament to the archipelago's growing significance in polar research and global conservation efforts.

While Svalbard has no indigenous population, the archipelago's cultural tapestry has been enriched by the diverse communities that have settled there over the centuries. This includes Norwegian settlers, Russian miners, and international researchers, all contributing to a unique cultural heritage that reflects Svalbard's historical and contemporary significance.

Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean, situated about halfway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. The main gateway to Svalbard is through Longyearbyen, its largest settlement. You can get there by taking a flight to Svalbard Airport (LYR), which is accessible via regular flights from Oslo and Tromsø. There are no roads connecting Svalbard to mainland Norway, so flying is the only practical means of reaching the islands.

Within Svalbard, transportation options are limited. Longyearbyen is small and can be explored on foot. For longer distances, taxis are available, though they can be expensive. There are no public transportation systems like buses or trains. During the summer, boat tours offer access to other parts of the archipelago. Snowmobiles are a common mode of transport in winter, and guided tours often include these. Renting a car is an option, but keep in mind that driving beyond Longyearbyen is restricted without proper equipment and permission.

The official currency in Svalbard is the Norwegian Krone (NOK). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in Longyearbyen, including in hotels, restaurants, and shops. There are ATMs available in Longyearbyen for cash withdrawals. It is advisable to carry some cash, especially if you plan to visit more remote areas or participate in certain tours that may not accept card payments.

Svalbard is generally safe for tourists, with very low crime rates. However, the Arctic environment poses its own set of challenges. Always be prepared for extreme weather conditions and carry appropriate clothing. Polar bears are a real danger; never venture outside the settlements without a guide and proper safety equipment. Longyearbyen itself is safe, but always exercise standard precautions such as not leaving valuables unattended.

In case of an emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. Longyearbyen has a hospital and a small police station. It is crucial to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies and evacuation. If you are venturing into the wilderness, ensure you have the necessary safety equipment, including a satellite phone and a rifle for polar bear protection. Guided tours often include these safety measures.

Fashion: Do wear layered clothing appropriate for extreme cold. Avoid wearing cotton, as it retains moisture. Religion: There are no specific religious customs to be aware of, but always show respect in any place of worship. Public Transport: There is no public transport system, so do plan your travel arrangements in advance. Greetings: Do greet people with a smile or a nod. There is no formal greeting etiquette. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies including Arctic char and reindeer. Don't litter, as the environment is extremely fragile.

To experience Svalbard like a local, visit the Svalbard Museum to learn about the history and culture of the archipelago. Engage with locals at pubs and cafes to hear fascinating stories about life in the Arctic. Don't miss out on the opportunity to see the Northern Lights in winter or the Midnight Sun in summer. For a unique experience, take part in a dog sledding tour or a snowmobile safari.