Busan: The Coastal Gem of South Korea

• Hello안녕하세요
  [annyeonghaseyo]
• Goodbye안녕히 가세요
  [annyeonghi gaseyo]
• Yes네
  [ne]
• No아니요
  [aniyo]
• Please/You're welcome부탁합니다/천만에요
  [butaghamnida/cheonmaneyo]
• Thank you감사합니다
  [gamsahamnida]
• Excuse me/Sorry죄송합니다
  [joesonghamnida]
• How are you?어떻게 지내세요?
  [eotteoke jinaeseyo?]
• Fine. And you?잘 지내요. 그리고 당신은?
  [jal jinaeyo. geurigo dangsineun?]
• Do you speak English?영어 할 수 있어요?
  [yeongeo hal su isseoyo?]
• I don't understand이해하지 못해요
  [ihaehaji mothaeyo]

• I'd like to see the menu, please메뉴를 보고 싶어요
  [menyureul bogo sippeoyo]
• I don't eat meat고기를 먹지 않아요
  [gogireul meokji anayo]
• Cheers!건배!
  [geonbae!]
• I would like to pay, please계산할게요
  [gyesanhalkkeyo]

• Help!도와주세요!
  [dowajuseyo!]
• Go away!가세요!
  [gaseyo!]
• Call the Police!경찰을 불러주세요!
  [gyeongchareul bulleojuseyo!]
• Call a doctor!의사를 불러주세요!
  [uisareul bulleojuseyo!]
• I'm lost길을 잃었어요
  [gireul ilheosseoyo]
• I'm ill아파요
  [apayo]

• I'd like to buy...사고 싶어요...
  [sago sippeoyo...]
• I'm just looking둘러보고 있어요
  [dulleobogo isseoyo]
• How much is it?얼마에요?
  [eolmaeyo?]
• That's too expensive너무 비싸요
  [neomu bissayo]
• Can you lower the price?가격을 내릴 수 있어요?
  [gageogeul naeril su isseoyo?]

• What time is it?지금 몇 시에요?
  [jigeum myeot sieyo?]
• It's one o'clock한 시에요
  [han sieyo]
• Half past (10)십 시 반
  [sip si ban]
• Morning아침
  [achim]
• Afternoon오후
  [ohu]
• Evening저녁
  [jeonyeok]
• Yesterday어제
  [eoje]
• Today오늘
  [oneul]
• Tomorrow내일
  [naeil]
• 1하나
  [hana]
• 2둘
  [dul]
• 3셋
  [set]
• 4넷
  [net]
• 5다섯
  [daseot]
• 6여섯
  [yeoseot]
• 7일곱
  [ilgop]
• 8여덟
  [yeodeol]
• 9아홉
  [ahop]
• 10열
  [yeol]

• Where's a/the...?...이 어디에 있어요?
  [...i eodie isseoyo?]
• What's the address?주소가 무엇이에요?
  [jusoga mueosieyo?]
• Can you show me (on the map)?(지도에) 보여줄 수 있어요?
  [(jidoe) boyeojul su isseoyo?]
• When's the next (bus)?다음 (버스)는 언제에요?
  [daeum (beoseuneun eonjeieyo?]
• A ticket (to ....)(....)로 표 하나 주세요
  [(...)ro pyo hana juseyo]

Busan's history dates back to the Neolithic era, with archaeological evidence of prehistoric settlements. Dolmens and pottery artifacts suggest that the area was inhabited by early human civilizations. The region later became part of the Gaya Confederacy, a collection of polities in the southern Korean Peninsula, known for their iron-working skills and maritime trade.

During the Silla Kingdom (57 BCE - 935 CE), Busan, then known as Geochilsan-guk, was an important maritime hub. The kingdom utilized Busan's strategic coastal location for trade and military purposes. The port facilitated exchanges with China, Japan, and other neighboring regions, fostering cultural and economic growth.

Under the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392), Busan continued to develop as a crucial port city. The construction of defensive fortresses like Dongnae Fortress helped protect the area from foreign invasions, including the Mongol invasions of Korea. This period also saw the growth of Buddhist culture, with temples such as Beomeosa being established.

During the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1897), Busan flourished as a cultural and economic center. The city's significance grew with the establishment of the Waegwan, a Japanese trading post, in the early 15th century. However, Busan also faced threats, notably during the Imjin War (1592-1598), when Japanese forces invaded Korea. The Battle of Dongnae was a significant conflict during this period, where local forces fiercely defended the city.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Busan experienced rapid modernization under Japanese rule (1910-1945). The city saw the construction of infrastructure such as railways, roads, and port facilities, transforming it into a modern urban center. However, this period was also marked by economic exploitation and cultural suppression.

During the Korean War (1950-1953), Busan served as a critical refuge for South Koreans fleeing from the advancing North Korean forces. The city became the temporary capital of South Korea and played a vital role in the logistics and supply chains for United Nations and South Korean forces. The influx of refugees significantly increased the city's population and led to rapid urban development.

In the decades following the Korean War, Busan underwent significant economic growth and urbanization. The establishment of the Busan Port Authority in 1976 helped the city become one of the busiest ports in the world. The city also became a center for industries such as shipbuilding, automotive manufacturing, and electronics.

In recent years, Busan has gained international recognition as a cultural and tourism hub. Events such as the Busan International Film Festival (BIFF), established in 1996, have put the city on the global cultural map. Busan's blend of traditional heritage and modern attractions, including its beaches, temples, and vibrant urban districts, continue to draw tourists from around the world.

Busan is well-connected both domestically and internationally. Gimhae International Airport (PUS) is the main airport serving Busan, with flights from major cities in Asia and other international destinations. From the airport, you can take the Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit or airport buses to various parts of the city. Alternatively, you can reach Busan by train via the KTX high-speed rail from Seoul, which takes approximately 2.5 to 3 hours. Busan is also accessible by long-distance buses from other cities in South Korea, and by ferry from Japan.

Busan has an extensive public transportation system, including subways, buses, and taxis. The Busan Metro is the most convenient way to get around the city, with lines connecting major attractions and neighborhoods. Public buses are also available and cover areas not serviced by the metro. Taxis are plentiful and can be hailed on the street or booked via apps. For a scenic experience, consider taking the Busan City Tour Bus, which offers various routes around the city's main tourist spots.

The official currency in South Korea is the South Korean Won (KRW). Credit cards are widely accepted in Busan at hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it is advisable to carry some cash for small purchases or when visiting markets and smaller establishments. ATMs are readily available throughout the city, and many offer international services. Currency exchange services can be found at the airport, banks, and major hotels.

Busan is generally a safe city for tourists. However, as with any urban area, it is important to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas and be mindful of your belongings in crowded places. While Busan does not have specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, it is always best to stay vigilant and aware of your surroundings. Popular tourist areas such as Haeundae Beach and Nampo-dong are generally safe but can attract pickpockets.

In case of emergency, dial 112 for police assistance and 119 for fire or medical emergencies. English-speaking operators are available. Busan has several hospitals and clinics that offer medical services to tourists. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Pharmacies are widely available for minor health issues and over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Always take off your shoes when entering temples or traditional homes. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don't talk loudly or eat on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a slight bow or a handshake. Using both hands when giving or receiving items is a sign of respect. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don't refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Busan like a local, visit local markets such as Jagalchi Fish Market and Gukje Market, where you can buy fresh seafood and traditional Korean goods. Engage with locals, as they are often friendly and willing to share stories about the city. Don't miss visiting Gamcheon Culture Village for its colorful houses and art installations. For a unique experience, take a trip to Taejongdae Resort Park, which offers stunning coastal views and hiking trails.