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Lalbagh Fort: A Mughal Jewel in Old Dhaka

Explore the unfinished Mughal masterpiece of Lalbagh Fort in Dhaka, a 17th-century complex with stunning architecture, serene gardens, and a glimpse into Bengal's rich history.

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Lalbagh Fort, an unfinished 17th-century Mughal marvel in the heart of Old Dhaka, offers a captivating glimpse into Bangladesh's rich history. Construction commenced in 1678 by Prince Muhammad Azam, son of Emperor Aurangzeb, but was abandoned following his departure and, later, the untimely death of Shaista Khan's daughter, Pari Bibi. Despite its incomplete state, the fort boasts impressive structures like the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience), the Quilla Mosque, and Pari Bibi's mausoleum, showcasing exquisite Mughal architecture and craftsmanship. Wander through the serene gardens, explore the museum's Mughal-era artifacts, and delve into the legends surrounding this historical treasure. A visit to Lalbagh Fort is a journey back in time, offering a unique perspective on Dhaka's cultural heritage and the grandeur of the Mughal Empire.

A brief summary to Lalbagh Fort Museum

Local tips

  • Visit during the cooler months (November to March) for a more comfortable experience, as Dhaka can get quite hot and humid.
  • Allow at least 2 hours to explore the entire fort complex, including the museum, gardens, and historical structures.
  • Photography is allowed, but commercial photography may require a separate permit.
  • Combine your visit with other nearby attractions in Old Dhaka, such as Ahsan Manzil (Pink Palace) and the Star Mosque, for a full day of exploration.
  • There are no restaurants inside the fort, so bring your own water and snacks.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    From areas like Gulistan or New Market, take a local bus heading towards Lalbagh. Look for buses with signs indicating 'Lalbagh' or 'Sadarghat'. The bus fare is approximately 20 BDT. Alight near Lalbagh and walk towards Main Road, where the fort is located, about a 10-15 minute walk. Be mindful of traffic when crossing streets.

  • Rickshaw

    From Newmarket, Shahbagh, TSC, or Azimpur, a rickshaw ride to Lalbagh Fort is a convenient option. Negotiate the fare beforehand, typically ranging from 60-80 BDT from New Market, which is closer than Gulistan. Be prepared for a potentially bumpy ride through the narrow streets.

  • Taxi/Ride-Share

    Ride-sharing services like Uber or Pathao are readily available in Dhaka. A taxi or ride-share from areas like Dhaka University or Sadarghat to Lalbagh Fort will cost approximately 150-250 BDT, depending on traffic and distance. This is a comfortable and relatively quick option.

  • Walking

    If you are near the Sadarghat area, you can walk to Lalbagh Fort. Head north on the riverbank road, then take a right onto the main road. Follow this road straight for about 1.5 kilometers. You will see the fort's distinctive architecture as you approach. This walking route will take approximately 25-30 minutes, allowing you to enjoy the vibrant street life of Dhaka.

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Discover more about Lalbagh Fort Museum

Lalbagh Fort, also known as Fort Aurangabad, stands as a testament to the Mughal Empire's influence in Bengal, despite its unfinished state. Located in the Lalbagh area of Old Dhaka, along the Buriganga River, this 17th-century fort complex offers visitors a captivating journey into the past. Construction began in 1678 by Prince Muhammad Azam, the son of Emperor Aurangzeb, who intended it to be his residence during his time as Viceroy of Bengal. However, his stay was cut short when he was summoned back to Delhi by his father, leaving the fort incomplete after just a year of construction. The project was then taken over by Shaista Khan, the new governor of Dhaka. He continued the construction, but tragedy struck when his beloved daughter, Iran Dukht Pari Bibi, died in 1684. Devastated by her death, Shaista Khan considered the fort unlucky and halted all construction, leaving it in its current unfinished state. Legend has it that Pari Bibi was engaged to Prince Azam Shah, adding a layer of romance and sorrow to the fort's history. Despite being incomplete, Lalbagh Fort showcases remarkable Mughal architecture and design. The fort complex is divided into three main sections: the Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of Public Audience), the Quilla Mosque, and the Mausoleum of Pari Bibi. These structures, along with the surrounding gardens, offer a glimpse into the grandeur and sophistication of Mughal architecture. The Diwan-i-Aam, or Hall of Public Audience, served as the administrative center of the fort. Here, Shaista Khan would conduct royal affairs and address the public. The structure is a two-storied building with a graceful, curvilinear roof that reflects the local building traditions of Bengal. Today, the Diwan-i-Aam houses a museum showcasing Mughal-era artifacts, including miniature paintings, coins, carpets, calligraphy, swords, and firearms. These exhibits provide valuable insights into the daily life, culture, and military prowess of the Mughal period. The Quilla Mosque, with its three domes, is a beautiful example of Mughal religious architecture. The mosque was used for community prayers and stands as a testament to the importance of Islam during the Mughal era. Its intricate designs and peaceful ambiance offer a serene escape from the bustling city outside. The Mausoleum of Pari Bibi is perhaps the most remarkable structure within Lalbagh Fort. This square-shaped mausoleum is built of white marble and features an artificial dome covered with copper sheet above the main mausoleum. The tomb is a unique craftsmanship and is built in the memory of Shaista Khan's daughter Pari Bibi. The interior is adorned with intricate floral motifs and delicate marble work, reflecting the Mughal style of tomb architecture. The tomb is a place of particular resonance for visitors due to its beauty and the legend it carries. Surrounding these structures are the well-maintained gardens of Lalbagh Fort. These gardens provide a tranquil escape from the chaos of Old Dhaka and offer a space for leisurely strolls and quiet contemplation. The geometric precision in the layout of the gardens reflects the advanced architectural practices of the Mughal era. Over the centuries, Lalbagh Fort has undergone several changes. After Shaista Khan left Dhaka, the fort lost its importance and was abandoned. In 1844, the area was renamed Lalbagh, and the fort became known as Lalbagh Fort. In 1910, the fort was brought under the Department of Archeology as a protected structure. Finally, in the 1980s, after 300 years of construction, Lalbagh Fort was restored to its original form and opened to visitors. Today, Lalbagh Fort is a key tourist attraction in Dhaka, drawing millions of visitors each year. It offers a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience the grandeur of the Mughal Empire. The fort's historical significance, architectural beauty, and serene gardens make it a must-see destination for anyone interested in Bangladesh's rich cultural heritage. Exploring the fort's various structures, wandering through its gardens, and delving into its legends will undoubtedly enrich your understanding of the historical significance of Lalbagh Fort. Visiting Lalbagh Fort is not just about seeing the structures; it's about immersing yourself in the history and culture of a bygone era. It's about imagining the lives of the Mughal princes, governors, and their families who once resided within these walls. It's about appreciating the intricate craftsmanship and architectural brilliance that went into creating this magnificent fort. Whether you are a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply a traveler seeking a unique cultural experience, Lalbagh Fort is sure to leave a lasting impression.

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