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Fort Point: Guardian of the Golden Gate

Explore a Civil War-era fortress beneath the Golden Gate Bridge, offering stunning views and a glimpse into San Francisco's rich military history, from the Gold Rush to World War II.

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Perched dramatically beneath the southern approach of the Golden Gate Bridge, Fort Point National Historic Site offers a captivating journey through American history and stunning architectural design. Built in the mid-19th century, this imposing brick fortress served as a crucial defense post for San Francisco Bay, guarding against potential threats from the Gold Rush era through World War II. Today, visitors can explore the fort's multi-tiered casemates, discover exhibits detailing its strategic importance, and soak in unparalleled views of the iconic bridge above. The fort's preservation is a testament to its historical significance, saved from demolition during the bridge's construction by the bridge's chief engineer, who recognized its architectural merit. A visit to Fort Point is a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience a tangible piece of California's rich past, all while enjoying breathtaking scenery.

A brief summary to Fort Point National Historic Site

  • Friday 10 am-5 pm
  • Saturday 10 am-5 pm
  • Sunday 10 am-5 pm

Local tips

  • Dress warmly, as Fort Point is often cold and windy, especially during the summer months. Layers are highly recommended.
  • Check the National Park Service website for the most up-to-date information on operating hours, as they can vary seasonally.
  • Take a guided tour to learn more about the fort's history and strategic importance. Tours are led by knowledgeable park rangers.
  • Bring your camera to capture the unique views of the Golden Gate Bridge from the top of the fort.
  • Combine your visit to Fort Point with a walk or bike ride along the scenic trails of the Presidio.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    From various points in San Francisco, the most convenient way to reach Fort Point is via the San Francisco Muni. Take the 28 bus to the Golden Gate Bridge Toll Plaza. From there, follow the trail signs northeast of the plaza area to Fort Point, located at the base of the bluffs. The walk from the Toll Plaza is approximately 15 minutes. A single ride on Muni costs $3.00, and can be paid via the MuniMobile app or Clipper card.

  • Driving

    If driving from San Francisco, take Highway 101 North and exit right at the Golden Gate Bridge toll plaza before getting on the bridge. Turn right at the end of the exit ramp and then left onto Lincoln Boulevard. Take the first left onto Long Avenue and follow it to Marine Drive. Fort Point is located at the end of Marine Drive. Note that parking is free but limited and available on a first-come, first-served basis. Be aware that if you are coming from the north, there is a toll to cross the Golden Gate Bridge of $9.25 for FasTrak users and $9.50 for pay-by-plate users.

  • Taxi/Ride-Share

    Taxi and ride-sharing services (Uber/Lyft) are readily available throughout San Francisco. Request a ride to Fort Point National Historic Site (201 Marine Drive, San Francisco). A ride from Fisherman's Wharf will cost approximately $20-30, depending on traffic. Be prepared for potential surge pricing during peak hours.

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Discover more about Fort Point National Historic Site

Fort Point National Historic Site, a majestic brick fortress nestled directly beneath the southern end of the Golden Gate Bridge, stands as a silent sentinel of San Francisco's storied past. More than just a historical landmark, Fort Point offers an immersive experience, transporting visitors back to a time when coastal defenses were paramount to national security. The fort's imposing presence and strategic location provide a unique perspective on the Golden Gate Strait and the iconic bridge that now soars above it. The story of Fort Point begins long before the Golden Gate Bridge. In 1794, the Spanish built the Castillo de San Joaquin, an adobe structure, to guard the entrance to the bay. This early fortification marked the beginning of military presence on this strategic point. However, the ravages of time and weather led to its eventual decay. Recognizing the need for a stronger defense, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began constructing Fort Point in 1853, during the height of the California Gold Rush. The fort was designed following the "Third System" of coastal defense, a strategy developed after the War of 1812 to protect America's vital harbors. Fort Point was the only Third System fort constructed on the West Coast. The construction of Fort Point was a massive undertaking, employing a crew of 200, many of whom were former gold miners seeking more stable employment. The fort's walls, seven feet thick, were built to withstand the impact of cannonballs. Completed in 1861, on the eve of the Civil War, the fort was armed with 65 heavy artillery cannons. Although Confederate forces never attacked, Fort Point stood ready to defend San Francisco Bay. The fort's strategic importance was underscored by Inspector General Joseph F.K. Mansfield, who declared it "the key to the whole Pacific Coast." However, the advent of rifled artillery, capable of breaching brick walls, soon rendered Fort Point obsolete. After the Civil War, the fort was intermittently garrisoned and saw its last active duty during World War II, when soldiers were stationed there to guard against potential submarine attacks. During this time, rapid-fire cannons were mounted atop the fort, and searchlights scanned the waters, adding another layer to the fort's defensive history. One of the most remarkable aspects of Fort Point's history is its preservation during the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge. Originally slated for demolition to make way for the bridge's southern anchorage, Chief Engineer Joseph Strauss recognized the fort's historical and architectural significance. He redesigned the bridge to preserve the fortress, calling it a "fine example of the mason's art." This decision ensured that future generations could appreciate this unique landmark. Today, Fort Point National Historic Site is open to the public, offering a glimpse into the life of soldiers stationed there in the 1860s. Visitors can explore the fort's three tiers of casemates, the powder magazine, officers' quarters, and soldiers' barracks. Exhibits detail the fort's history, construction, and strategic importance. Knowledgeable park rangers offer guided tours, providing insights into the fort's past and answering questions about its significance. Walking through the fort, one can imagine the daily routines of the soldiers who once lived and worked there. The echoing chambers, the narrow staircases, and the massive cannons evoke a sense of the past. The view from the top barbette tier, directly beneath the Golden Gate Bridge, is simply breathtaking. It's a unique vantage point that offers a new appreciation for both the fort and the bridge. Fort Point also played a role in popular culture, serving as a filming location for Alfred Hitchcock's classic film "Vertigo." This cinematic connection adds another layer of intrigue to the site's already rich history. A visit to Fort Point is more than just a historical tour; it's an opportunity to connect with the past, appreciate architectural ingenuity, and marvel at the beauty of the Golden Gate Bridge. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, Fort Point offers something for everyone. It's a place where the past and present converge, creating a truly unforgettable experience. As you plan your visit, remember that Fort Point is typically cool and windy, especially during the summer months. Dressing in layers is recommended to ensure a comfortable experience. The fort is open Friday through Sunday, from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Entrance to the fort is free, although some special events and guided tours may require a ticket purchase. Fort Point stands as a testament to American ingenuity, resilience, and the enduring power of history. It's a place where you can step back in time, learn about the past, and appreciate the beauty of the present. A visit to Fort Point is an essential part of any trip to San Francisco, offering a unique perspective on the city's history and its most iconic landmark.

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