El Morro de Tulcán: Popayán's Pre-Columbian Pyramid

Rising from the heart of Popayán, El Morro de Tulcán is a silent witness to Colombia's rich history. This pre-Columbian pyramid, constructed between 1600-500 BCE, stands as the main archaeological site in Popayán. Built by the indigenous Pubenza people, the pyramid was a sacred place for rituals and prayers. Archaeological excavations have revealed that the pyramid was constructed using clay adobes and earth. It is believed to have served as a ceremonial center and a burial ground for important figures. The pyramid's alignment may also have had astronomical significance, aiding the Pubenza people in tracking the stars for agricultural purposes. In 1535, the Spanish conquistadors arrived and cut down the pyramid, unaware of its cultural importance. In 1937, a statue of the founder of Popayán, Sebastián de Belalcázar, was erected on top, but it was pulled down in 2020. Today, El Morro de Tulcán is a protected archaeological site and a symbol of indigenous resistance. Visitors can explore the site, enjoy panoramic views of the city, and reflect on the rich history and cultural significance of this ancient monument.