Gdansk: Poland's Baltic Gem

• HelloCześć
  [Cheshch]
• GoodbyeDo widzenia
  [Do veedzenya]
• YesTak
  [Tak]
• NoNie
  [Nye]
• Please/You're welcomeProszę
  [Prosheh]
• Thank youDziękuję
  [Jenkoo-yeh]
• Excuse me/SorryPrzepraszam
  [Pzheprasham]
• How are you?Jak się masz?
  [Yak sheh mash]
• Fine. And you?Dobrze. A ty?
  [Dobzheh. A ti]
• Do you speak English?Czy mówisz po angielsku?
  [Chy moovish po angeelskoo]
• I don't understandNie rozumiem
  [Nye rozoomyem]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseChciałbym zobaczyć menu, proszę
  [Hchyawbim zobachich menu, prosheh]
• I don't eat meatNie jem mięsa
  [Nye yem myensa]
• Cheers!Na zdrowie!
  [Na zdrovyeh]
• I would like to pay, pleaseChciałbym zapłacić, proszę
  [Hchyawbim zapwacheech, prosheh]

• Help!Pomocy!
  [Pomotsee]
• Go away!Idź sobie!
  [Eej sobieh]
• Call the Police!Zadzwoń po policję!
  [Zadzvon po politsyeh]
• Call a doctor!Zadzwoń po lekarza!
  [Zadzvon po lekarza]
• I'm lostZgubiłem się
  [Zgoobee-wem sheh]
• I'm illJestem chory
  [Yestem khor-ih]

• I'd like to buy...Chciałbym kupić...
  [Hchyawbim koopich]
• I'm just lookingTylko się rozglądam
  [Tzikwo sheh rozhwondam]
• How much is it?Ile to kosztuje?
  [Eeleh to koshtoo-yeh]
• That's too expensiveTo jest za drogie
  [To yest za drog-yeh]
• Can you lower the price?Możesz obniżyć cenę?
  [Mozhesh obneewich chenoo]

• What time is it?Która jest godzina?
  [Ktoora yest godzeena]
• It's one o'clockJest pierwsza
  [Yest pyervshah]
• Half past (10)Pół do dziesiątej
  [Poo do dzyesyontay]
• MorningRano
  [Rano]
• AfternoonPopołudnie
  [Popowoowdnyeh]
• EveningWieczór
  [Vye-choor]
• YesterdayWczoraj
  [Vcho-ryai]
• TodayDziś
  [Jis]
• TomorrowJutro
  [Yootro]
• 1Jeden
  [Yeden]
• 2Dwa
  [Dva]
• 3Trzy
  [Tshi]
• 4Cztery
  [Chterih]
• 5Pięć
  [Piench]
• 6Sześć
  [Sheshch]
• 7Siedem
  [Shedem]
• 8Osiem
  [Oshyem]
• 9Dziewięć
  [Dzhevyench]
• 10Dziesięć
  [Dzyesyonts]

• Where's a/the...?Gdzie jest...
  [Gdzhe yest]
• What's the address?Jaki jest adres?
  [Yaki yest adres]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Czy możesz mi pokazać (na mapie)?
  [Chy mozhesh mi pokazach (na mahpee)]
• When's the next (bus)?Kiedy jest następny (autobus)?
  [Kyedy yest nastepny (owto-boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Bilet (do ....)
  [Beelet (do)]

Gdansk, originally known as Danzig, traces its origins back to the 10th century. The city was founded by the Pomeranian Duke Mściwoj I and quickly became an important center for trade due to its strategic location along the Baltic Sea. By the 13th century, Gdansk was a bustling port town, attracting merchants from across Europe.

In 1308, Gdansk was taken over by the Teutonic Knights, a powerful military order. The city's prominence grew as it became a member of the Hanseatic League, a commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and market towns in Northwestern and Central Europe. This period marked the beginning of Gdansk's golden era, with flourishing trade in grain, timber, and amber.

In 1454, Gdansk pledged allegiance to the Polish King Casimir IV, leading to the Thirteen Years' War between Poland and the Teutonic Order. After the war, Gdansk gained considerable autonomy under the Polish crown, becoming one of the wealthiest cities in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The city enjoyed a period of prosperity, marked by the construction of beautiful Gothic and Renaissance buildings.

The late 18th century saw the partitions of Poland by Russia, Prussia, and Austria, which drastically altered Gdansk's status. In 1793, the city was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia. This period of Prussian rule introduced significant changes to Gdansk's administration and economy, but also led to periods of unrest and upheaval.

After World War I, the Treaty of Versailles established Gdansk as the Free City of Danzig, a semi-autonomous city-state under the protection of the League of Nations. This unique status lasted until 1939, during which time Gdansk was a focal point of tension between Germany and Poland, eventually culminating in the city's annexation by Nazi Germany at the outset of World War II.

World War II brought immense destruction to Gdansk. The city was heavily bombed and witnessed fierce fighting, particularly during the Battle of Westerplatte in 1939, one of the war's first battles. After the war, Gdansk was incorporated into Poland, and a massive reconstruction effort began to restore its historic architecture and infrastructure.

In the 1980s, Gdansk became the birthplace of the Solidarity movement, a pivotal force in the struggle against Communist rule in Poland. Led by Lech Wałęsa, the movement began in the Gdansk Shipyard and rapidly grew into a nationwide campaign for workers' rights and political reform. Solidarity played a crucial role in the eventual fall of Communism in Poland and Eastern Europe.

Today, Gdansk is a vibrant city that blends its rich historical heritage with modernity. It is a major cultural, scientific, and economic center in Poland, known for its picturesque Old Town, thriving maritime industry, and dynamic cultural scene. Landmarks such as St. Mary's Church, the Neptune Fountain, and the Gdansk Crane stand as testaments to the city's enduring legacy.

Gdańsk is well-connected by air, rail, and road. The Gdańsk Lech Wałęsa Airport (GDN) is the main international gateway, located about 12 km from the city center. It offers numerous flights to major European cities. The city is also accessible via train, with Gdańsk Główny being the central station, connecting to other Polish cities and neighboring countries. If you prefer road travel, Gdańsk is connected by major highways and bus routes.

Public transportation in Gdańsk is efficient and includes buses, trams, and trains operated by ZTM Gdańsk. Tickets can be purchased at kiosks, ticket machines, or via mobile apps. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber are also available. For a more scenic route, you can explore parts of the city by bike; there are several bike rental shops and dedicated cycling paths.

The official currency in Poland is the Polish Złoty (PLN). Most hotels, restaurants, and shops in Gdańsk accept credit and debit cards, but it's advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments and street vendors. ATMs are widely available throughout the city. Currency exchange offices (kantors) offer competitive rates and are also readily accessible.

Gdańsk is generally a safe city for tourists. However, like any other tourist destination, it is important to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone in poorly lit areas at night and be aware of pickpockets in crowded places like public transport and tourist attractions. Specific areas to exercise extra caution include the vicinity of the main train station and certain parts of the Przymorze district.

In case of emergency, dial 112, the European emergency number, for immediate assistance. Gdańsk has several hospitals and medical facilities, including the University Clinical Center, which offers comprehensive medical services. Pharmacies are widely available for minor health issues. Ensure you have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies.

Fashion: Do dress comfortably but modestly. Avoid overly revealing clothing, especially when visiting religious sites. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. When visiting churches, dress modestly and remain quiet. Public Transport: Do validate your ticket before boarding. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake. A simple 'Dzień dobry' (Good day) is polite. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes like pierogi and seafood. Don't skip tipping; a 10% tip is customary in restaurants.

To experience Gdańsk like a local, visit the Oliwa Park and the surrounding area for a peaceful retreat. Explore the Wrzeszcz district, known for its trendy cafes and shops. Attend a performance at the Shakespeare Theatre or the Baltic Opera for a cultural experience. Don't miss the St. Dominic's Fair in August, one of the largest and oldest fairs in Europe, offering a mix of local crafts, food, and entertainment.