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Rocca a Mare Fortress: Guardian of Heraklion

Explore the historic Rocca a Mare Fortress in Heraklion, a Venetian-era landmark with stunning views and captivating exhibits.

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Dominating Heraklion's harbor entrance, the Rocca a Mare Fortress, also known as Koules, is a Venetian-built landmark offering a glimpse into Crete's rich history. Explore its well-preserved structure, discover exhibits, and enjoy panoramic views of the city and the Aegean Sea.

A brief summary to Rocca a Mare Fortress

Local tips

  • Check for cultural events or exhibitions happening at the fortress during your visit to enhance your experience.
  • Wear comfortable shoes for walking and climbing the ramparts to fully explore the fortress.
  • Visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon to avoid crowds and enjoy a more peaceful experience.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    From Lion Square (Plateia Liontaria) in the center of Heraklion, walk towards the waterfront. Continue along the promenade; the fortress will be directly ahead at the entrance of the old port. The walk is approximately 10-15 minutes.

  • Public Transport

    Take a local bus to the Heraklion Bus Station A near the harbor. From there, the fortress is a short walk along the waterfront. Bus tickets cost between €1.20 and €2.00 depending on where you purchase the ticket.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are readily available in Heraklion. A taxi from the city center to the Rocca a Mare Fortress is a short ride. Expect to pay around €5-€10. Confirm the price with the driver before starting your journey.

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Discover more about Rocca a Mare Fortress

The Rocca a Mare Fortress, or Koules, stands as a proud sentinel at the entrance to Heraklion's old Venetian harbor. For centuries, this imposing structure has guarded the city, witnessing countless historical events. Originally built by the Venetians between 1523 and 1540, it replaced an earlier Byzantine tower that defended against Saracen pirates. The fortress's construction involved an ingenious method of sinking old ships filled with rocks to create embankments. Inside, the fortress reveals its storied past through 26 rooms on the ground floor, once used for storing provisions, ammunition, and even as prison cells. The upper floor features a large courtyard that historically housed soldiers' barracks, officers' quarters, a bakery, a mill, and a small church. Today, visitors can explore exhibits, including findings from Jacques-Yves Cousteau's underwater expedition to Dia islet. The fortress also hosts cultural events and exhibitions, adding to its appeal as a vibrant cultural venue. A visit to Koules offers a chance to learn about the Cretan War and the siege of the Big Castle. Climb the ramparts for panoramic views of the harbor and city, capturing the essence of Heraklion's beauty. The fortress has undergone numerous repairs and interventions throughout its history, including modifications by the Ottomans, who added battlements, gun ports, and a small mosque. Despite the relentless force of the sea, which continues to cause damage, the Rocca a Mare Fortress remains a resilient symbol of Heraklion.

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