Diyala Region, Iraq Travel Guide

Explore the Diyala Region in Iraq: A blend of ancient history, natural beauty, and vibrant local culture awaits you.

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Diyala Region

Nestled in the heart of Iraq, the Diyala Region is a treasure trove of natural beauty and historical significance. This area, named after the Diyala River that flows through it, offers a unique blend of ancient sites, lush landscapes, and vibrant local culture. Whether you're an adventure seeker or a history buff, Diyala has something for everyone. One of the major highlights of Diyala is its rich archaeological sites. The ancient city of Eshnunna, now known as Tell Asmar, dates back to the early Mesopotamian civilization. Here, you can explore the ruins and marvel at the remnants of temples and statues that tell the stories of a bygone era. For those interested in more recent history, the region also features impressive Ottoman-era architecture. Nature lovers will find Diyala's landscapes captivating. The region is home to the scenic Hamrin Mountains and the picturesque Diyala River, which offer excellent opportunities for hiking, bird watching, and photography. The fertile lands along the riverbanks are dotted with date palm groves, providing a serene setting for a leisurely stroll or picnic. The local culture in Diyala is as vibrant as its scenery. Traditional markets, known as souks, are bustling with activity and offer a chance to experience the local way of life. Here, you can shop for handcrafted goods, sample delicious Iraqi cuisine, and interact with the friendly locals. Don't miss the chance to try regional specialties like kebabs, dolma, and fresh bread baked in clay ovens.

From Eve

Know before you go

Hi, I'm Eve. Here are a few practical things to know before exploring Diyala Region.

Visit during the spring or autumn months to enjoy the most pleasant weather.
Hire a local guide to get the most out of your visit to historical sites.
Bring cash as credit card facilities may not be available in many places.
Dress modestly to respect local customs and traditions.
Learn a few basic Arabic phrases to enhance your interaction with locals.

Top City Travel Guides in Diyala Region

The cities of Diyala Region, and the easiest places to base yourself.

Baghdad

Destinations in Diyala Region

Resorts, valleys and scenic spots worth a trip of their own.

Kalar

Explore Diyala Region: Things to Do, Places to Eat, Hotels & More

Handpicked recommendations for top attractions, local dining, accommodations, and more

Top Attractions & Sightseeing in Diyala Region

Top-rated picks

Best Attractions

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All Attractions

Halabja Monument

A solemn memorial in Halabja, Iraq, commemorating the victims of the 1988 chemical attack and honoring Kurdish resilience.

4.4

Iraqi National Museum

Explore Mesopotamia's treasures at the Iraq National Museum, a journey through 7,000 years of civilization in the heart of Baghdad.

4.5

Liberation Square

Explore Liberation Square in Baghdad, a vibrant hub of history, culture, and the spirit of modern Iraq, perfect for tourists seeking to connect with the city.

4.5

Tahrir Monument

Discover the Tahrir Monument in Baghdad, a historical landmark symbolizing Iraq's resilience, culture, and journey to independence.

4.5

Best landmarks in Diyala Region

Top-rated picks

Best Landmarks

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All Landmarks

Erbil Citadel

Explore the ancient Erbil Citadel, a UNESCO World Heritage Site with millennia of history and stunning views in the heart of Erbil, Kurdistan.

4.4

Halabja Monument

A poignant memorial in Halabja, honoring the victims of the 1988 chemical attack and the resilience of the Kurdish people.

4.4

Iraqi National Museum

Explore 7,000 years of Mesopotamian history at Baghdad's Iraq National Museum, home to ancient Sumerian, Assyrian, and Babylonian treasures.

4.5

Liberation Square

Explore Liberation Square in Baghdad, a vibrant landmark filled with history, culture, and the spirit of Iraq.

4.5

Best restaurants in Diyala Region

Top-rated picks

Best Restaurants

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Sabah Al-Arabi Restaurant

Experience authentic Iraqi cuisine at Sabah Al-Arabi Restaurant in Baghdad - where every dish tells a story.

3.9

Rasul Kahi Geymar

Experience authentic Iraqi cuisine at Rasul Kahi Geymar, known for its delicious kahi and qaimar in the heart of Baghdad.

4.2

Jadiriyah Floating Restaurant

Discover Jadiriyah Floating Restaurant: A unique dining experience on the Tigris River with stunning views and delicious Iraqi cuisine.

4.1

Adam's secrets kitchen +cafe

Experience authentic Iraqi cuisine at Adam's Secrets Kitchen + Cafe – where tradition meets flavor in every bite.

4.1

Best bars in Diyala Region

Top-rated picks

Best Bars

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HuQQabaz Baghdad

Experience the authentic flavors of Iraqi cuisine at HuQQabaz Baghdad, a restaurant with stunning river views and a vibrant atmosphere.

4.8

D lounge & Restaurant

Experience the vibrant nightlife at D Lounge & Restaurant in Baghdad, where local flavors meet international culinary delights.

3.9

Dojo´s

Experience the vibrant flavors of Baghdad at Dojo's, where local and international cuisines blend seamlessly in a welcoming atmosphere.

4.1

Irish pub

Discover the essence of Irish culture in Baghdad at this lively pub, where great food, drinks, and camaraderie await.

4.1

Best nightclubs in Diyala Region

Top-rated picks

Best Nightclubs

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Iraqi Hunting Club

Discover the vibrant social scene at the Iraqi Hunting Club, where traditional culture meets modern leisure in the heart of Baghdad.

4.2

ديسكو ابو نؤاس

Discover the vibrant nightlife of Baghdad at ديسكو ابو نؤاس, where energetic music and lively atmosphere come together for an unforgettable night.

3.5

نايت ڤينيسيا

Discover the pulse of Baghdad's nightlife at نايت ڤينيسيا, where music and dance create unforgettable memories.

4.2

قاعة ريحانة الملكية

Experience the vibrant nightlife at قاعة ريحانة الملكية in Baghdad, where local culture meets modern entertainment for an unforgettable evening.

4.3

Best shops in Diyala Region

Top-rated picks

Best Shops

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All Shops

Babylon Mall

Explore Babylon Mall, the ultimate shopping and entertainment hub in Baghdad, featuring diverse stores, dining options, and an IMAX theater.

4.2

Dream City Mall

Explore the vibrant Dream City Mall in Baghdad, a shopping paradise offering diverse retail, delicious dining, and fun entertainment for all visitors.

4.3

Waffir Shopping Centre

Discover unique shopping and dining experiences at Waffir Shopping Centre in Baghdad, where modernity meets cultural charm.

4.2

Dijlah Village

Explore Dijlah Village in Baghdad, where shopping meets culture, featuring a wide range of stores, dining options, and entertainment for a perfect day out.

4.3

Explore Diyala Region on the Map

A handpicked selection of must-see spots in Diyala Region, mapped for you.

Diyala Region Essentials

Diyala Region in Iraq can be accessed via Baghdad's international airport, which is the nearest major airport. The airport is well-connected with major cities worldwide. From Baghdad, you can take a taxi or rent a car to travel to Diyala, which is approximately 60 kilometers northeast of the capital. There are also bus services that operate from Baghdad to Diyala, providing an economical option for travelers.
Within Diyala, taxis and private cars are the most common means of transportation. Public buses and minibuses operate within the region and connect major towns and cities. Renting a car can provide flexibility to explore the region at your own pace. It's advisable to use reputable taxi services or have a trusted local guide for convenience and safety.
The official currency in Iraq is the Iraqi Dinar (IQD). Credit cards are not widely accepted, especially in smaller towns and rural areas, so it’s important to carry sufficient cash. ATMs are available in major towns, but it’s wise to withdraw enough cash in Baghdad before traveling to the Diyala Region to ensure you have adequate funds.
While the Diyala Region has areas that are safe for tourists, it’s important to stay informed about the current security situation, as it can change. Avoid travel to areas with high crime rates or ongoing conflict. Areas near the border with Iran and certain parts of Baqubah have higher risks. Always stay vigilant, avoid traveling alone at night, and keep your belongings secure.
In case of emergency, dial 115 for police assistance and 122 for medical emergencies. Major towns have medical facilities, but for serious conditions, it’s recommended to travel to Baghdad. Ensure you have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies and keep a list of important local contact numbers handy. Pharmacies are available for minor health issues and over-the-counter medications.
Fashion: Do dress modestly. Men should avoid wearing shorts, and women should cover their arms and legs. A headscarf is advisable for women in rural or conservative areas. Religion: Do respect Islamic customs. Avoid public displays of affection and refrain from eating or drinking in public during Ramadan. Public Transport: Do be respectful and considerate. Avoid loud conversations and give up your seat for the elderly. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake or a slight bow. Use the right hand for handshakes and giving or receiving items. Eating & Drinking: Do try local foods and accept hospitality graciously. Don’t refuse food or drink, as it can be considered impolite.
To experience Diyala Region like a local, visit the bustling markets (souks) where you can buy fresh produce and traditional goods. Engage with locals, who are often friendly and willing to share stories about their culture and history. Don’t miss exploring the rich archaeological sites and the beautiful landscapes of the Diyala River. Visiting local tea houses can also provide a unique cultural experience.

When is the best time to visit Diyala Region?

With Eve

Useful Local Phrases for Diyala Region

You don't need to speak the language perfectly. Even learning a few simple words can make conversations warmer—and locals usually appreciate the effort.

— Eve

6 phrase groups English + pronunciation

Here are the phrases I use most often in Diyala Region. Try a few—you'll be surprised how far they go! 😊
❤️

- Helloمرحبا
  [Marhaban]
- Goodbyeوداعا
  [Wada'an]
- Yesنعم
  [Na'am]
- Noلا
  [La]
- Please/You’re welcomeمن فضلك
  [Min fadlik]
- Thank youشكرا
  [Shukran]
- Excuse me/Sorryعفوا
  [Afwan]
- How are you?كيف حالك؟
  [Kayfa halak?]
- Fine. And you?بخير. وأنت؟
  [Bikhayr. Wa anta?]
- Do you speak English?هل تتحدث الإنجليزية؟
  [Hal tatahaddath al-ingliziyya?]
- I don’t understandلا أفهم
  [La afham]
- I’d like to see the menu, pleaseأود رؤية القائمة، من فضلك
  [Awad ru'yat al-qa'ima, min fadlik]
- I don’t eat meatلا آكل اللحم
  [La akul al-lahm]
- Cheers!في صحتك!
  [Fi sihatak!]
- I would like to pay, pleaseأود الدفع، من فضلك
  [Awad al-daf', min fadlik]
- Help!المساعدة!
  [Al-musa'ada!]
- Go away!اذهب بعيدا!
  [Ithhab ba'eedan!]
- Call the Police!اتصل بالشرطة!
  [Ittasil bil-shurta!]
- Call a doctor!اتصل بالطبيب!
  [Ittasil bil-tabeeb!]
- I’m lostأنا ضائع
  [Ana da'i']
- I’m illأنا مريض
  [Ana marid]
- I’d like to buy...أود شراء...
  [Awad shirā']
- I’m just lookingأنا فقط أنظر
  [Ana faqat anzur]
- How much is it?كم ثمنه؟
  [Kam thamanuh?]
- That’s too expensiveهذا مكلف جدا
  [Hatha mukallaf jidan]
- Can you lower the price?هل يمكنك تخفيض السعر؟
  [Hal yumkinuka takhfid al-si'r?]
- What time is it?كم الساعة؟
  [Kam al-sa'ah?]
- It’s one o’clockالساعة الواحدة
  [Al-sa'ah al-wahidah]
- Half past (10)نصف (10)
  [Nisf (10)]
- Morningصباحا
  [Sabahan]
- Afternoonبعد الظهر
  [Ba'd al-zuhur]
- Eveningمساء
  [Masa']
- Yesterdayأمس
  [Ams]
- Todayاليوم
  [Al-yawm]
- Tomorrowغدا
  [Ghadan]
- 1١
  [1]
- 2٢
  [2]
- 3٣
  [3]
- 4٤
  [4]
- 5٥
  [5]
- 6٦
  [6]
- 7٧
  [7]
- 8٨
  [8]
- 9٩
  [9]
- 10١٠
  [10]
- Where's a/the...?أين...؟
  [Ayn...?]
- What’s the address?ما هو العنوان؟
  [Ma huwa al-'unwan?]
- Can you show me (on the map)?هل يمكنك أن تريني (على الخريطة)؟
  [Hal yumkinuka an turini (ala al-kharita)?]
- When's the next (bus)?متى يأتي (الحافلة) القادمة؟
  [Mata yati (al-hafila) al-qadima?]
- A ticket (to ....)تذكرة (إلى....)
  [Tadhkira (ila....)]

History of Diyala Region

The ancient city of Eshnunna, located in the Diyala Region, was one of the prominent city-states in Mesopotamia around the early 2nd millennium BCE. Eshnunna played a crucial role in the trade and politics of the ancient world, serving as a hub for commerce and cultural exchange. The city was known for its advanced legal system, evidence of which is found in the Eshnunna Law Code, a precursor to the famous Code of Hammurabi.
During the Sassanian era (224-651 CE), the Diyala Region became a significant frontier zone between the Sassanian Empire and various nomadic tribes. This period saw the construction of fortifications and settlements aimed at securing the empire's borders. The legacy of Sassanian architecture and military strategy can still be seen in the ruins scattered across the region.
In the 7th century, the Diyala Region witnessed the Islamic conquest, which dramatically transformed its cultural and religious landscape. The Battle of Jalula in 637 CE was a pivotal event where Muslim forces defeated the Sassanian army, leading to the integration of the region into the expanding Islamic Caliphate. This period saw the spread of Islamic culture, architecture, and the establishment of new administrative systems.
Under the Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258 CE), the Diyala Region experienced a period of prosperity and cultural flourishing. The region's strategic location made it a crucial area for trade routes connecting Baghdad with the eastern provinces. Numerous scholarly and scientific advancements were made during this time, contributing to the Islamic Golden Age. The remains of grand mosques, schools, and libraries from this era can still be explored today.
The Mongol invasion of the 13th century brought destruction and upheaval to the Diyala Region. The infamous sacking of Baghdad in 1258 CE by Hulagu Khan's forces led to widespread devastation, affecting the surrounding regions including Diyala. Despite the destruction, the region eventually recovered, and the impact of Mongol rule can be traced through various historical sites and artifacts.
The Diyala Region came under Ottoman control in the 16th century, remaining part of the Ottoman Empire until the early 20th century. This period saw the introduction of new administrative practices and infrastructural developments. The influence of Ottoman architecture and urban planning is evident in the region's remaining buildings and town layouts. The period also witnessed a blend of local traditions with Ottoman customs, enriching the cultural tapestry of Diyala.
In the 20th and 21st centuries, the Diyala Region has faced significant challenges due to political instability and conflict. The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) and subsequent conflicts, including the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, have left lasting scars on the region. Despite these hardships, the resilience of the local population and efforts towards reconstruction are paving the way for a hopeful future. The modern history of Diyala is a testament to its enduring spirit and cultural richness.