Baghdad: The Cradle of Islamic Civilization
Explore Baghdad, where ancient history meets modern culture, and discover the vibrant markets, historic sites, and rich culinary traditions of Iraq's capital city.
Baghdad, the capital city of Iraq, is a place where history, culture, and modernity blend seamlessly. Founded in the 8th century, Baghdad was once the heart of the Islamic Golden Age, a period of remarkable achievements in science, philosophy, and art. Today, it stands as a testament to its rich past while embracing the future. Discover the architectural splendor of the Abbasid Caliphate at the Al-Mustansiriya School, one of the oldest universities in the world. Wander through the bustling markets of Al-Mutanabbi Street, famous for its bookshops and vibrant cultural scene. The Iraqi Museum offers a glimpse into the ancient civilizations that once thrived in Mesopotamia, with artifacts dating back thousands of years. For a taste of local life, explore the traditional souks and sample Iraqi cuisine, known for its flavorful dishes like kebabs, biryani, and masgouf. The Tigris River, winding through the heart of the city, provides a scenic backdrop for leisurely boat rides and evening strolls. Despite its turbulent recent history, Baghdad's spirit of resilience and hospitality continues to shine, making it a unique and enriching destination for travelers.
Local tips in Baghdad
- Visit the Iraqi Museum early in the morning to avoid crowds and have more time to explore the exhibits.
- Dress modestly and respect local customs, especially when visiting religious and historic sites.
- Hire a local guide to gain deeper insights into the history and culture of Baghdad.
- Try the local coffee and tea at traditional cafes for an authentic taste of Baghdad's social culture.
- Be cautious and stay updated on travel advisories for the latest safety information.
Baghdad: The Cradle of Islamic Civilization
Baghdad, the capital city of Iraq, is a place where history, culture, and modernity blend seamlessly. Founded in the 8th century, Baghdad was once the heart of the Islamic Golden Age, a period of remarkable achievements in science, philosophy, and art. Today, it stands as a testament to its rich past while embracing the future. Discover the architectural splendor of the Abbasid Caliphate at the Al-Mustansiriya School, one of the oldest universities in the world. Wander through the bustling markets of Al-Mutanabbi Street, famous for its bookshops and vibrant cultural scene. The Iraqi Museum offers a glimpse into the ancient civilizations that once thrived in Mesopotamia, with artifacts dating back thousands of years. For a taste of local life, explore the traditional souks and sample Iraqi cuisine, known for its flavorful dishes like kebabs, biryani, and masgouf. The Tigris River, winding through the heart of the city, provides a scenic backdrop for leisurely boat rides and evening strolls. Despite its turbulent recent history, Baghdad's spirit of resilience and hospitality continues to shine, making it a unique and enriching destination for travelers.
When is the best time to go to Baghdad?
Iconic landmarks you can’t miss
Al-Zawraa Park
Discover Al-Zawraa Park, Baghdad's largest green retreat featuring lush gardens, playgrounds, and scenic walking paths for a peaceful escape.
Baghdad Island Park
Discover the tranquility of Baghdad Island Park, a lush green space perfect for relaxation and family fun amidst the lively heart of Baghdad.
Zoo - Zawraa Park
Discover Zawraa Park Zoo in Baghdad, a family-friendly destination with diverse wildlife and beautiful green spaces for a memorable outing.
Buratha Mosque
Explore the Buratha Mosque, a stunning architectural wonder and a significant cultural landmark in Baghdad, reflecting the rich heritage of Iraq.
Martyr Monument
Explore the Martyr Monument in Baghdad, a breathtaking tribute to the nation’s heroes, showcasing stunning architecture and deep historical significance.
Saving Iraqi Culture Monument
Discover the Saving Iraqi Culture Monument in Baghdad, a breathtaking symbol of heritage and resilience that captivates visitors with its stunning design.
Alsebaa Square
Explore Alsebaa Square, a serene park in Baghdad, perfect for relaxation and experiencing local culture amidst the urban landscape.
Tahrir Monument
Discover the Tahrir Monument in Baghdad, a historic landmark symbolizing resilience and the rich heritage of Iraq, set in a vibrant memorial park.
Liberation Square, Baghdad
Explore the vibrant atmosphere of Liberation Square, a historic park in Baghdad that reflects the city's rich culture and lively community spirit.
المتنبي مستنصر
Discover the vibrant literary heritage and rich history of Al-Mutanabbi District, a must-visit cultural hub in Baghdad.
Unknown Soldier Monument
Explore the Unknown Soldier Monument in Baghdad, a poignant memorial park honoring the sacrifices of soldiers, surrounded by historical significance and serene beauty.
Umm Al-Qura Mosque
Explore the architectural beauty and spiritual tranquility of Umm Al-Qura Mosque, a must-visit landmark in Baghdad's vibrant cultural landscape.
Baghdad Tower
Discover the breathtaking views and rich history at Baghdad Tower, a must-visit landmark in Iraq's vibrant capital.
Victory Arch
Discover the Victory Arch in Baghdad, a stunning historical landmark symbolizing resilience and rich cultural heritage, perfect for an unforgettable visit.
Khan Murjan
Explore Khan Murjan, a historical gem in Baghdad, offering a vibrant marketplace and a glimpse into Iraqi culture and heritage.
Unmissable attractions to see
Al-Zawraa Park
Discover tranquility and recreation at Al-Zawraa Park, Baghdad's premier destination for relaxation and family fun amidst lush landscapes.
Baghdad Island Park
Explore Baghdad Island Park: A serene escape with lush landscapes, cultural events, and recreational activities along the Tigris River.
Zoo - Zawraa Park
Explore the vibrant Zawraa Park Zoo in Baghdad, where wildlife meets fun in a beautiful green oasis for families and nature lovers.
Abu Nuwas Park
Experience the serene beauty of Abu Nuwas Park, a lush green oasis in Baghdad, ideal for relaxation and cultural exploration.
Buratha Mosque
Explore the architectural brilliance and spiritual serenity of Buratha Mosque, a must-visit landmark in Baghdad, rich in history and cultural significance.
Martyr Monument
Discover the Martyr Monument in Baghdad: A stunning tribute to history and resilience, blending architectural beauty with profound cultural significance.
Baghdad Renaissance
Experience the blend of history and modernity at Baghdad Renaissance, a cultural oasis in the heart of Iraq's capital city.
Saving Iraqi Culture Monument
Explore the Saving Iraqi Culture Monument in Baghdad, a stunning tribute to the resilience and richness of Iraqi heritage amidst a storied past.
Sarafiya Bridge
Explore Sarafiya Bridge, a historic symbol of Baghdad that connects the past with the vibrant present, offering stunning views and cultural significance.
Alsebaa Square
Discover the tranquility of Alsebaa Square in Baghdad, a vibrant park that offers a perfect blend of nature and culture amidst the city’s historic charm.
Liberation Square, Baghdad
Explore Liberation Square in Baghdad, a historic park that embodies the spirit and resilience of the city amidst its vibrant cultural tapestry.
Unknown Soldier Monument
Explore the Unknown Soldier Monument in Baghdad, a powerful tribute to the bravery and sacrifice of Iraqi soldiers surrounded by serene beauty.
Haydar-Khana Mosque
Experience the serene beauty and rich history of the Haydar-Khana Mosque, an architectural marvel in the heart of Baghdad's vibrant culture.
الباب الشرقي
Discover the Eastern Gate of Baghdad, a historic landmark blending rich heritage with vibrant local culture, perfect for every traveler's itinerary.
Baghdad Tower
Explore Baghdad Tower for breathtaking views, delicious cuisine, and a glimpse into the rich history of Iraq's capital city.
Essential places to dine
Pachi Pizza and Pasta
Indulge in authentic Italian cuisine at Pachi Pizza and Pasta, where delicious flavors meet a welcoming atmosphere in Baghdad.
Oyoon Baghdad Restaurants
Discover authentic Iraqi cuisine at Oyoon Baghdad Restaurants, where tradition meets taste in every delightful dish.
Barley Restaurant - karada
Experience authentic Iraqi flavors at Barley Restaurant in Baghdad, where traditional cuisine meets modern dining.
Restaurant Beeston Samad
Experience authentic Iraqi cuisine at Restaurant Beeston Samad in Baghdad's Mansour district, where tradition meets taste in every dish.
Samad Restaurant
Savor authentic Iraqi meat dishes in an inviting setting at Samad Restaurant in Mansour, Baghdad - a must-visit for every food lover.
Chili House
Discover delicious chicken specialties at Chili House, Baghdad's favorite dining spot blending traditional flavors with modern flair.
Haji Kaddouri Restaurant
Discover the rich flavors of Iraq at Haji Kaddouri Restaurant in Baghdad – where tradition meets taste in every dish.
Naranj Restaurant
Discover authentic Syrian flavors at Naranj Restaurant in Baghdad - where culinary tradition meets modern dining elegance.
Jadiriyah Floating Restaurant
Savor exquisite Iraqi cuisine on a floating restaurant overlooking the Tigris River in Baghdad, offering stunning views and a vibrant atmosphere.
Guevara Restaurant & Cafe
Experience the vibrant flavors of Western cuisine at Guevara Restaurant & Cafe in Baghdad - where every meal is a celebration.
MAZAYA Restaurant
Discover the best Nuevo Latino cuisine at MAZAYA Restaurant in Baghdad - where flavors meet culture in a vibrant setting.
Beethoven Restaurant and Cafe
Discover Beethoven Restaurant and Cafe in Baghdad - where exquisite flavors meet warm hospitality in an inviting atmosphere.
Darbunah
Experience authentic Iraqi flavors at Darbunah in Baghdad's Inner Karada - where tradition meets taste in a warm and inviting atmosphere.
Al-Faisaliya Restaurant & Cafe
Experience the rich flavors of Middle Eastern cuisine at Al-Faisaliya Restaurant & Cafe in Baghdad's vibrant Outer Karrada district.
Azkadenya Restaurant
Savor authentic Turkish dishes in the heart of Baghdad at Azkadenya Restaurant – where tradition meets taste.
Markets, malls and hidden boutiques
Mansour Mall
Mansour Mall: A premier shopping and entertainment destination in Baghdad with diverse shops, dining, and fun for the whole family.
Baghdad Mall
Discover Baghdad Mall: a vibrant shopping and entertainment hub in the heart of Iraq's capital, blending modern retail with local culture.
Babylon Mall
Discover Babylon Mall: A premier shopping and entertainment hub in Baghdad with diverse stores, dining, and family-friendly attractions.
كلشي و كلاشي السيدية 2
Explore a captivating array of home goods and local culture at كلشي و كلاشي السيدية 2, a premier shopping destination in Baghdad.
Iraq Mall
Explore Iraq Mall: Baghdad's premier shopping destination for a mix of local culture, modern retail, and culinary delights.
Burj Al Arab store
Explore cutting-edge electronics at Burj Al Arab Store in Baghdad, a top destination for tech enthusiasts seeking the latest gadgets.
Baghdad Markets
Explore the vibrant Baghdad Markets, a hub of culture and commerce where local crafts, spices, and delicious street food await.
MINISO Babylon Mall
Experience the best of affordable shopping at MINISO in Babylon Mall, featuring stylish products for home and lifestyle in the heart of Baghdad.
UOT STORE
Explore UOT Store in Baghdad for unique gifts and fashion accessories, showcasing the rich artistry of Iraqi culture.
Amazon Baghdad
Discover the Amazon Baghdad, a vibrant shopping mall in the heart of the city offering retail, dining, and entertainment experiences for all.
SOOQIRAQ سوق العراق
Explore SOOQIRAQ in Baghdad for a unique shopping experience filled with local treasures and a variety of products to suit every need.
REDTAG - DEPARTMENT STORE
Explore REDTAG Department Store in Baghdad for an exceptional shopping experience featuring local and international brands in a vibrant setting.
Nome Home Shopping
Explore Nome Home Shopping in Baghdad for an authentic shopping experience with local flavors and international products.
NIKE IRAQ
Discover the latest in athletic fashion at Nike Iraq, where quality meets style in the heart of Baghdad.
Kado gift shop
Explore Kado Gift Shop in Baghdad for a unique selection of local crafts and souvenirs that celebrate Iraq's rich cultural heritage.
Essential bars & hidden hideouts
Irish pub
Experience the warmth of Irish hospitality in Baghdad's vibrant pub, where great food, drinks, and entertainment await.
Alqosh Bar
Discover Alqosh Bar, a lively hotspot in Baghdad, blending local culture and vibrant nightlife for an unforgettable experience.
Solo bar
Experience the vibrant nightlife of Baghdad at Solo Bar, where local flavors meet international drinks in a lively atmosphere.
The Square meeting Bars
Experience the vibrant nightlife at The Square Meeting Bars in Baghdad, where locals and tourists unite for unforgettable evenings filled with laughter and culture.
الحارثية
Discover الحارثية, a lively bar in Baghdad that embodies the vibrant nightlife and Iraqi hospitality, perfect for unwinding after a day of exploration.
Mazen store
Discover Mazen Store, a lively bar in Baghdad, blending local flavors and international drinks in a vibrant atmosphere perfect for socializing.
صكار الكراغول
Discover the vibrant nightlife at صكار الكراغول, Baghdad's premier cocktail bar offering creative drinks and a lively atmosphere.
نادي للمشروبات الكحولية
Discover the ultimate nightlife experience in Baghdad at this stylish bar, offering crafted cocktails and a lively ambiance to enjoy with friends.
السعدون
Experience the lively atmosphere at السعدون, a must-visit bar in Baghdad for an unforgettable night out.
Bar
Experience the vibrant nightlife of Baghdad at this lively bar, perfect for socializing and enjoying a variety of drinks in a welcoming atmosphere.
Station Bar
Discover the vibrancy of Baghdad's nightlife at Station Bar, where local culture meets a welcoming atmosphere for an unforgettable experience.
مقهى
Explore مقهى in Baghdad, a lively bar that combines local culture with a vibrant nightlife experience for unforgettable evenings.
بغداد الجديدة
Experience the vibrant bar scene and rich culture of Baghdad Al-Jadida, where tradition meets modern nightlife in an unforgettable atmosphere.
قرجوخ
Experience the lively nightlife and cultural charm at قرجوخ, a must-visit bar in the heart of Baghdad, perfect for unwinding and socializing.
متنزه
Discover the vibrant nightlife of Baghdad at متنزه, where local culture meets a welcoming bar atmosphere for an unforgettable experience.
Local Phrases
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- Helloمرحبا
[Marhaba] - Goodbyeوداعا
[Wada'an] - Yesنعم
[Naam] - Noلا
[La] - Please/You're welcomeمن فضلك
[Min fadlak] - Thank youشكرا لك
[Shukran lak] - Excuse me/Sorryعذرا
[A'ithrana] - How are you?كيف حالك؟
[Kayfa halak?] - Fine. And you?بخير. وأنت؟
[Bikhayr. Wa anta?] - Do you speak English?هل تتكلم الإنجليزية؟
[Hal tatakallam al'injlizia?] - I don't understandأنا لا أفهم
[Ana la afham]
- Helloمرحبا
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- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseأريد أن أرى القائمة، من فضلك
[Arid an ara alqaimah, min fadlak] - I don't eat meatأنا لا أكل لحم
[Ana la akl lahm] - Cheers!صحتين!
[Sahatayn!] - I would like to pay, pleaseأود أن أدفع، من فضلك
[Aawad an adfa', min fadlak]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseأريد أن أرى القائمة، من فضلك
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- Help!النجدة!
[Alnijdah!] - Go away!اذهب بعيدا!
[Izhab baedan!] - Call the Police!اتصل بالشرطة!
[Itsal bialshurta!] - Call a doctor!اتصل بطبيب!
[Itsal bitalib!] - I'm lostأنا ضائع
[Ana dhaa'ie] - I'm illأنا مريض
[Ana mareed]
- Help!النجدة!
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- I'd like to buy...أريد أن أشتري...
[Arid an ashtari...] - I'm just lookingأنا فقط أتطلع
[Ana faqat atatala] - How much is it?كم سعره؟
[Kam si'ruh?] - That's too expensiveهذا غاليا جدا
[Hatha ghaliyan jiddan] - Can you lower the price?هل يمكنك خفض السعر؟
[Hal yumkinuk khafdh alsir?]
- I'd like to buy...أريد أن أشتري...
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- What time is it?كم الساعة؟
[Kam alsaa'ah?] - It's one o'clockالساعة الواحدة
[Alsaa'ah alwahidah] - Half past (10)النصف بعد (10)
[Alnisf baed (10)] - Morningالصباح
[Alsubah] - Afternoonالمساء
[Almasa'] - Eveningالمساء
[Almasa'] - Yesterdayأمس
[Ams] - Todayاليوم
[Alyawm] - Tomorrowغدا
[Ghadan] - 1واحد
[Wahid] - 2اثنان
[Ithnan] - 3ثلاثة
[Thalatha] - 4أربعة
[Arba'a] - 5خمسة
[Khamsa] - 6ستة
[Sitta] - 7سبعة
[Sab'a] - 8ثمانية
[Thamaniya] - 9تسعة
[Tis'ah] - 10عشرة
[Asharah]
- What time is it?كم الساعة؟
-
- Where's a/the...?أين ...؟
[Ayna ...?] - What's the address?ما هو العنوان؟
[Ma huwa al'anaan?] - Can you show me (on the map)?هل يمكنك أن تريني (على الخريطة)؟
[Hal yumkinuk an tureeni (ala alkhareeta)?] - When's the next (bus)?متى يأتي الحافلة التالية؟
[Mata yaati alhafilat altaliat?] - A ticket (to ....)تذكرة (إلى ...)
[Tazkirah (ila ...)]
- Where's a/the...?أين ...؟
History of Baghdad
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Founded in 762 AD by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur, Baghdad was strategically located along the Tigris River. Designed to be the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, the city was intended to be a symbol of Islamic power and culture. The circular layout of the city, also known as the Round City, was unique for its time and included the caliph's palace at its center, surrounded by grand mosques and administrative buildings.
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During the 8th to 13th centuries, Baghdad flourished as a center of learning and culture under the Abbasid Caliphate. Known as the 'Golden Age of Islam,' this period saw the establishment of the House of Wisdom, where scholars from various cultures gathered to translate and expand upon knowledge in fields such as science, mathematics, medicine, and philosophy. The city's bustling bazaars, libraries, and schools made it a beacon of intellectual and cultural development.
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In 1258, Baghdad faced a catastrophic event when it was invaded by the Mongol Empire under Hulagu Khan. The city was sacked, and its libraries, including the House of Wisdom, were destroyed. This invasion marked the end of the Abbasid Caliphate and caused a significant decline in Baghdad's status as a cultural and intellectual hub. The devastation also led to a considerable loss of life and infrastructure.
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In the 16th century, Baghdad came under the control of the Ottoman Empire. The city experienced periods of prosperity and decline during Ottoman rule, which lasted until the early 20th century. During this time, Baghdad served as an important administrative center, and the Ottomans invested in the city's infrastructure, including the construction of new buildings and the restoration of old ones. Despite being part of the larger Ottoman geopolitical landscape, Baghdad retained its unique cultural identity.
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Following World War I and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Baghdad became part of the British Mandate of Mesopotamia. In 1921, the Kingdom of Iraq was established under British influence, with Baghdad as its capital. This period saw significant modernization efforts, including the introduction of new educational institutions, healthcare systems, and infrastructural developments. The city began to expand beyond its historical boundaries and incorporated modern urban planning elements.
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In 1958, the monarchy in Iraq was overthrown, and Baghdad became the capital of the newly established Republic of Iraq. This era was marked by rapid industrialization and modernization, though it also faced political instability and conflict. Significant architectural projects, such as the Baghdad Tower and the development of wide boulevards, reflected the city's modernization efforts. Baghdad continued to grow as a cultural, economic, and political center in the region.
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The late 20th and early 21st centuries brought significant challenges to Baghdad, including the Iran-Iraq War, the Gulf War, and the US-led invasion in 2003. These conflicts resulted in extensive damage to the city's infrastructure and cultural heritage. Since then, efforts have been underway to rebuild and restore Baghdad. Despite ongoing challenges, the city remains a vibrant center of Iraqi culture and resilience, with ongoing projects aimed at revitalizing its historical sites and modern amenities.
Baghdad Essentials
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Baghdad is accessible via Baghdad International Airport (BGW), which is located approximately 16 kilometers from the city center. Several international airlines offer flights to Baghdad. From the airport, you can take a taxi or arrange for a hotel shuttle to reach your destination. Alternatively, there are bus services available, but taxis are generally the preferred mode of transport for convenience and safety.
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Within Baghdad, transportation options include taxis, buses, and private cars. Taxis are widely available and are a convenient way to get around. Make sure to negotiate the fare before starting your journey. Public buses are another option, though they can be crowded and less comfortable. For a more personalized experience, consider hiring a private car with a driver, which can be arranged through your hotel or a local travel agency.
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The official currency in Iraq is the Iraqi Dinar (IQD). Credit cards are accepted in some hotels, restaurants, and larger shops, but it is advisable to carry cash, especially for smaller establishments and local markets. ATMs are available in Baghdad, but it is wise to withdraw sufficient cash for your needs. Currency exchange services are also available at the airport and in the city.
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Baghdad has areas with varying levels of safety. It is advisable to stay in well-secured areas and avoid neighborhoods with high crime rates, such as Sadr City and certain parts of East Baghdad. Always stay vigilant, avoid walking alone at night, and keep an eye on your belongings. It is also recommended to stay updated on local news and follow any travel advisories issued by your home country.
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In case of emergency, dial 104 for the police and 122 for medical emergencies. It is essential to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Hospitals and medical facilities are available in Baghdad, but the quality can vary. For minor health issues, there are pharmacies where you can purchase over-the-counter medications. Ensure you know the location of your country's embassy or consulate in case you need assistance.
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Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Always remove your shoes when entering a mosque. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake, but be mindful that some people may prefer not to shake hands with the opposite gender. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don't refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.
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To experience Baghdad like a local, visit the bustling markets such as the Al-Mutanabbi Street book market and the Shorja market for a taste of local shopping. Engage with locals, as they are often friendly and willing to share stories about the city's history and culture. Don't miss visiting the historic Al-Mustansiriya School and the beautiful Al-Kadhimiya Mosque. For a unique experience, take a walk along the Tigris River and enjoy the local cafes and restaurants.
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