Shikoku Island: Japan's Hidden Jewel

• Helloこんにちは
  [konnichiwa]
• Goodbyeさようなら
  [sayonara]
• Yesはい
  [hai]
• Noいいえ
  [iie]
• Please/You're welcomeどうぞ
  [douzo]
• Thank youありがとう
  [arigatou]
• Excuse me/Sorryすみません
  [sumimasen]
• How are you?お元気ですか？
  [ogenki desu ka?]
• Fine. And you?元気です。あなたは？
  [genki desu. anata wa?]
• Do you speak English?英語を話せますか？
  [eigo o hanasemasu ka?]
• I don't understandわかりません
  [wakarimasen]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseメニューを見せてください
  [menyuu o misete kudasai]
• I don't eat meat私は肉を食べません
  [watashi wa niku o tabemasen]
• Cheers!乾杯!
  [kanpai!]
• I would like to pay, pleaseお会計をお願いします
  [okaikei o onegaishimasu]

• Help!助けて!
  [tasukete!]
• Go away!行ってください!
  [itte kudasai!]
• Call the Police!警察を呼んでください!
  [keisatsu o yonde kudasai!]
• Call a doctor!医者を呼んでください!
  [isha o yonde kudasai!]
• I'm lost道に迷っています
  [michi ni mayotte imasu]
• I'm ill具合が悪いです
  [guai ga warui desu]

• I'd like to buy......を買いたいです
  [... o kaitai desu]
• I'm just looking見ているだけです
  [mite iru dake desu]
• How much is it?いくらですか？
  [ikura desu ka?]
• That's too expensiveそれは高すぎます
  [sore wa takasugimasu]
• Can you lower the price?値段を下げてもらえますか？
  [nedan o sagetemoraemasu ka?]

• What time is it?今何時ですか？
  [ima nanji desu ka?]
• It's one o'clock一時です
  [ichiji desu]
• Half past (10)十時半
  [juuji han]
• Morning朝
  [asa]
• Afternoon午後
  [gogo]
• Evening夕方
  [yuugata]
• Yesterday昨日
  [kinou]
• Today今日
  [kyou]
• Tomorrow明日
  [ashita]
• 1一
  [ichi]
• 2二
  [ni]
• 3三
  [san]
• 4四
  [shi]
• 5五
  [go]
• 6六
  [roku]
• 7七
  [shichi]
• 8八
  [hachi]
• 9九
  [kyuu]
• 10十
  [juu]

• Where's a/the...?…はどこですか？
  [... wa doko desu ka?]
• What's the address?住所は何ですか？
  [juusho wa nan desu ka?]
• Can you show me (on the map)?地図で見せてもらえますか？
  [chizu de misetemoraemasu ka?]
• When's the next (bus)?次の（バス）はいつですか？
  [tsugi no (basu) wa itsu desu ka?]
• A ticket (to ....)（…）までの切符をください
  [(...) made no kippu o kudasai]

Shikoku Island, one of the four main islands of Japan, has a rich tapestry of history that intertwines with Japanese mythology. According to legend, the island was created by the gods Izanagi and Izanami. Shikoku, which means 'four provinces,' was historically divided into Awa, Tosa, Sanuki, and Iyo provinces. These regions have each contributed to the island's unique cultural mosaic.

The Shikoku Pilgrimage, known as 'Shikoku Henro,' is a significant spiritual journey that draws thousands of pilgrims annually. This 1,200-kilometer circuit visits 88 temples associated with the Buddhist monk Kūkai, also known as Kōbō Daishi, who was born in Zentsūji, Kagawa Prefecture. The pilgrimage is both a physical and spiritual undertaking, reflecting the deep-rooted religious traditions of the island.

During the Sengoku period (1467-1603), Shikoku was a battleground for various samurai clans. The Chōsokabe clan, under the leadership of Chōsokabe Motochika, emerged as a dominant force by unifying the island. Motochika's rule was marked by significant agricultural reforms and the construction of castles, which left a lasting impact on the region's development.

The Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 was a pivotal event in Japanese history that led to the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate. Shikoku's daimyo, including those from the Chōsokabe and Kōno clans, were significantly affected by the outcome. The redistribution of lands and power under Tokugawa Ieyasu reshaped the political landscape of Shikoku, leading to a period of relative peace and stability known as the Edo period.

Shikoku is renowned for its traditional arts and crafts, including Awa Odori, one of Japan's largest and most famous dance festivals held in Tokushima. The island is also known for its production of high-quality indigo dye, known as 'Awa Ai,' and traditional paper making in Ehime Prefecture. These cultural practices highlight the island's rich artistic heritage.

In the modern era, Shikoku has undergone significant development while preserving its cultural heritage. The construction of the Seto Ohashi Bridge in 1988, which connects Shikoku to Honshu, marked a new chapter in the island's accessibility and economic growth. Today, Shikoku is celebrated for its blend of modernity and tradition, attracting visitors with its historical sites, natural beauty, and cultural festivals.

Shikoku Island can be accessed by several means. The most common way is via air, landing at Takamatsu, Matsuyama, Kochi, or Tokushima airports. These airports have connections to major cities like Tokyo, Osaka, and Fukuoka. Alternatively, you can take a train from the mainland via the Seto-Ohashi Bridge, which connects Okayama to Takamatsu. Ferries are also available from ports such as Hiroshima, Kobe, and Osaka, offering a scenic route to Shikoku.

Shikoku has an extensive public transportation network. JR Shikoku operates the main train lines, making it easy to travel between cities. Local buses are available in all major cities and towns. For more flexibility, renting a car is a great option, especially for exploring rural areas and scenic routes. Bicycles are also popular and can be rented in many locations for a more immersive experience.

The official currency in Japan is the Japanese Yen (JPY). Credit cards are widely accepted in cities, but it's advisable to carry cash, especially in rural areas and smaller establishments. ATMs are plentiful, but not all accept foreign cards, so look for those in convenience stores like 7-Eleven or at post offices. Cash is often preferred for smaller transactions.

Shikoku is generally very safe for tourists. Violent crime is rare, and petty crime such as pickpocketing is uncommon. However, it's always good to stay vigilant and keep an eye on your belongings, especially in crowded areas. There are no specific high-crime neighborhoods targeting tourists in Shikoku, but general caution is always recommended.

In case of an emergency, dial 110 for police assistance and 119 for ambulance and fire services. Most cities in Shikoku have hospitals and clinics where you can receive medical care. It's advisable to have travel insurance that includes medical coverage. Pharmacies (薬局, yakkyoku) are widely available for minor health issues and over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting temples and shrines. Avoid wearing overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do show respect at religious sites by bowing slightly and not disturbing worshippers. Removing shoes before entering temples is a must. Public Transport: Do queue up and allow passengers to disembark before boarding. Don't talk loudly or use your phone in the train's quiet zones. Greetings: Do greet people with a slight bow. Handshakes are less common but accepted. Eating & Drinking: Do try local foods and enjoy the culinary diversity. Don't eat or drink while walking, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Shikoku like a local, participate in the Shikoku Pilgrimage (Henro), visiting 88 temples across the island. Try local delicacies such as Sanuki Udon in Kagawa, Katsuo no Tataki in Kochi, and Uwajima's Taimeshi. Engage with locals at traditional festivals like the Awa Odori in Tokushima. Don't miss the scenic Iya Valley and the hidden villages. Renting a bicycle for a ride across the Shimanami Kaido is also highly recommended.