The Enchanting Highlands of San Cristobal de las Casas

• HelloHola
  [oh-lah]
• GoodbyeAdiós
  [ah-dee-ohs]
• YesSí
  [see]
• NoNo
  [no]
• Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
  [por fah-vor/deh nah-dah]
• Thank youGracias
  [grah-see-ahs]
• Excuse me/SorryPerdón/Lo siento
  [pehr-dohn/loh see-ehn-toh]
• How are you?¿Cómo estás?
  [koh-moh ehs-tahs]
• Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
  [byen. ee too]
• Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
  [ah-blahs een-glehs]
• I don't understandNo entiendo
  [noh ehn-tee-ehn-doh]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver el menú, por favor
  [meh goo-stah-ree-ah vehr ehl meh-noo, por fah-vor]
• I don't eat meatNo como carne
  [noh koh-moh kahr-neh]
• Cheers!¡Salud!
  [sah-lood]
• I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
  [meh goo-stah-ree-ah pah-gahr, por fah-vor]

• Help!¡Ayuda!
  [ah-yoo-dah]
• Go away!¡Vete!
  [veh-teh]
• Call the Police!¡Llama a la policía!
  [yah-mah ah lah poh-lee-see-ah]
• Call a doctor!¡Llama a un doctor!
  [yah-mah ah oon dohk-tohr]
• I'm lostEstoy perdido
  [ehs-toy pehr-dee-doh]
• I'm illEstoy enfermo
  [ehs-toy ehn-fehr-moh]

• I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
  [meh goo-stah-ree-ah kohm-prahr]
• I'm just lookingSólo estoy mirando
  [soh-loh ehs-toy mee-rahn-doh]
• How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
  [kwahn-toh kwehs-tah]
• That's too expensiveEso es muy caro
  [eh-soh ehs moo-ee kah-roh]
• Can you lower the price?¿Puedes bajar el precio?
  [pweh-dehs bah-hahr ehl pree-syoh]

• What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
  [keh oh-rah ehs]
• It's one o'clockEs la una
  [ehs lah oo-nah]
• Half past (10)Media (10)
  [meh-dee-ah (dheez)]
• MorningMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• AfternoonTarde
  [tahr-deh]
• EveningNoche
  [noh-cheh]
• YesterdayAyer
  [ah-yehr]
• TodayHoy
  [oy]
• TomorrowMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• 1Uno
  [oo-noh]
• 2Dos
  [dohs]
• 3Tres
  [trehs]
• 4Cuatro
  [kwah-troh]
• 5Cinco
  [seen-koh]
• 6Seis
  [seys]
• 7Siete
  [syeh-teh]
• 8Ocho
  [oh-choh]
• 9Nueve
  [nweh-veh]
• 10Diez
  [dyehs]

• Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está...?
  [dohn-deh ehs-tah]
• What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
  [kwahl ehs lah dee-rehk-syohn]
• Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes mostrarme (en el mapa)?
  [pweh-dehs mohs-trar-meh (ehn ehl mah-pah)]
• When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
  [kwan-doh ehs ehl proh-ksee-moh (ow-toh-boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un boleto (a ....)
  [oon boh-leh-toh (ah)]

San Cristóbal de las Casas was founded in 1528 by Spanish conquistadors under the leadership of Diego de Mazariegos. Initially named Villa Real de Chiapa, it was intended to serve as a stronghold for Spanish settlers amidst the indigenous Tzotzil and Tzeltal populations. The city quickly became a focal point for colonial administration and missionary activities.

The city was renamed in honor of Bartolomé de las Casas, a Spanish Dominican friar who became the first Bishop of Chiapas. He was a staunch advocate for the rights of indigenous people, documenting their suffering under Spanish rule and lobbying for new laws to protect them. His efforts led to the introduction of the New Laws in 1542, aimed at ending the exploitation of indigenous labor.

During the colonial period, San Cristóbal de las Casas developed a distinctive architectural style characterized by its baroque and neoclassical buildings. The city's layout was designed according to typical Spanish colonial urban planning, featuring a central plaza surrounded by important civic and religious buildings. Notable structures from this period include the Cathedral of San Cristóbal, Santo Domingo Church, and the Rosario Chapel.

Throughout its history, San Cristóbal de las Casas has been the epicenter of various indigenous uprisings. One of the most significant was the Tzeltal Rebellion of 1712, where indigenous people rose against Spanish colonial authorities due to oppressive labor demands and religious persecution. Although the rebellion was eventually quashed, it highlighted the ongoing tensions between the indigenous population and colonial powers.

In more recent history, San Cristóbal de las Casas gained international attention as the site of the 1994 Zapatista uprising. On January 1st, 1994, the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN), composed largely of indigenous people, occupied the city as part of a broader rebellion against the Mexican government. They demanded land reform, indigenous rights, and greater autonomy. The uprising brought global attention to the issues faced by indigenous communities in Chiapas and has left a lasting impact on the region.

San Cristóbal de las Casas is a vibrant cultural hub renowned for its rich indigenous traditions, arts, and crafts. The city hosts numerous festivals throughout the year, such as the Fiesta de San Cristóbal in July, which celebrates the city's patron saint. Another major event is the Festival Cervantino Barroco, a cultural festival that showcases music, dance, theater, and art, drawing visitors from all over Mexico and beyond.

San Cristobal de las Casas is located in the Chiapas highlands of southern Mexico. The nearest major airport is Ángel Albino Corzo International Airport (TGZ) in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, about 80 kilometers away. From the airport, you can take a taxi or a shuttle service directly to San Cristobal. Alternatively, long-distance buses from major Mexican cities like Mexico City and Oaxaca also service San Cristobal de las Casas.

San Cristobal de las Casas is a pedestrian-friendly city with many attractions within walking distance. For longer distances, taxis are readily available and reasonably priced. Colectivos (shared vans) are a common and economical form of public transport, connecting different parts of the city and surrounding areas. Bicycles can also be rented for a more eco-friendly way to explore the city.

The official currency in Mexico is the Mexican Peso (MXN). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger shops. However, it is advisable to carry cash, especially when visiting markets and smaller establishments. ATMs are available throughout the city, but it's a good idea to withdraw cash in advance to avoid any inconvenience.

San Cristobal de las Casas is generally safe for tourists, but it's important to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night in poorly lit areas or unfamiliar neighborhoods. The markets and tourist areas can be crowded, so keep an eye on your belongings to avoid pickpocketing. Some neighborhoods, such as the outskirts of the city, have higher crime rates, so it's best to stay in the central, well-populated areas.

In case of emergencies, dial 911 for immediate assistance. The local police station and medical facilities are available in San Cristobal de las Casas. It is highly recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Pharmacies are common and offer over-the-counter medications for minor health issues. For serious medical conditions, the city's hospitals and clinics are well-equipped.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. When entering churches, be quiet and refrain from taking flash photography. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a friendly 'Hola' or 'Buenos días'. A handshake is common for formal greetings. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don’t drink tap water; always opt for bottled water.

To experience San Cristobal de las Casas like a local, visit the vibrant markets such as Mercado de Santo Domingo, where you can purchase local crafts and fresh produce. Engage with the locals; they are often friendly and willing to share stories about their culture and history. Don't miss the traditional Chiapas cuisine, especially tamales and pozol. For a unique experience, attend a traditional Mayan ceremony or participate in local festivals.