Oaxaca, Mexico Travel Guide

Discover Oaxaca, Mexico's vibrant city of culture, color, and culinary delights, where ancient history meets modern charm amidst stunning landscapes and welcoming locals.

Oaxaca, a city nestled in the southern part of Mexico, is a treasure trove of vibrant culture, ancient history, and breathtaking landscapes. Known for its rich indigenous heritage, Oaxaca offers a unique blend of the old and the new, where traditional customs coexist with modern life. The city's colonial architecture, colorful markets, and artisan crafts make it a feast for the senses. Walking through Oaxaca's streets, tourists will encounter bustling markets filled with handmade textiles, intricate pottery, and delicious local foods. The Zócalo, the city's main square, is a hub of activity where visitors can enjoy street performances, taste traditional Oaxacan cuisine, and soak in the lively atmosphere. The city's culinary scene is world-renowned, especially for its mole sauces and tlayudas, a kind of Oaxacan pizza. Oaxaca is also home to many ancient ruins and historical sites. The nearby Monte Albán, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, offers breathtaking views and a glimpse into the region's pre-Columbian history. The city's many museums, including the Museum of Oaxacan Cultures, provide deeper insights into the rich tapestry of local history and traditions. For nature lovers, the surrounding valleys and mountains offer opportunities for hiking, exploring, and enjoying the stunning natural beauty. Whether you are an adventure seeker, a history buff, or a food lover, Oaxaca has something to offer. Its warm, welcoming people and vibrant culture make it an unforgettable destination that will leave you wanting to return again and again.

From Eve

Know before you go

Hi, I'm Eve. Here are a few practical things to know before exploring Oaxaca.

Visit the local markets early in the morning to experience the freshest produce and a lively atmosphere.
Try the traditional Oaxacan drink, mezcal, and visit a local distillery to learn about its production.
Wear comfortable shoes, as the city's cobblestone streets are best explored on foot.
Don't miss the Guelaguetza festival if you visit in July, a celebration of Oaxacan culture with music, dance, and traditional costumes.
Take a day trip to the Hierve el Agua, natural rock formations and mineral springs, for a unique outdoor experience.

Neighbourhoods in Oaxaca

Centro Histórico

Ruta Independencia

Explore All Neighbourhoods in Oaxaca

Explore Oaxaca: Things to Do, Places to Eat, Hotels & More

Handpicked recommendations for top attractions, local dining, accommodations, and more

Best attractions in Oaxaca

Top-rated picks

Best Attractions

Browse the full guide

All Attractions

Zócalo oaxaca

Discover the vibrant culture and history of Oaxaca at the enchanting Zócalo, a must-visit city park and tourist attraction in the heart of the city.

4.6

Zócalo (Plaza de la Constitución)

Discover the vibrant heart of Oaxaca at Zócalo, a cultural hub filled with history, stunning architecture, and lively local events.

4.6

Mercado 20 de Noviembre

Discover the vibrant flavors and rich culture of Oaxaca at Mercado 20 de Noviembre, a must-visit fresh food market filled with culinary delights.

4.5

Mercado Benito Juárez

Explore the colorful Mercado Benito Juárez in Oaxaca, where fresh flavors meet vibrant culture in a bustling market atmosphere.

4.5

Best landmarks in Oaxaca

Top-rated picks

Best Landmarks

Browse the full guide

All Landmarks

Zócalo (Plaza de la Constitución)

Experience the vibrant culture and rich heritage of Oaxaca at Zócalo, the city's lively central plaza that celebrates tradition and community.

4.6

Mercado 20 de Noviembre

Explore the vibrant Mercado 20 de Noviembre in Oaxaca for a taste of authentic local cuisine, fresh produce, and a rich cultural experience.

4.5

Mercado Benito Juárez

Experience the vibrant flavors and cultural richness of Oaxaca at Mercado Benito Juárez, a bustling fresh food market filled with local delicacies and artisanal crafts.

4.5

Tree of Tule

Experience the grandeur of the Tree of Tule in Oaxaca, a symbol of nature's beauty and cultural heritage, attracting travelers seeking tranquility and history.

4.6

Best restaurants in Oaxaca

Top-rated picks

Best Restaurants

Browse the full guide

All Restaurants

Casa Oaxaca el Restaurante

Discover authentic Oaxacan flavors at Casa Oaxaca el Restaurante—where tradition meets innovation in every dish.

4.6

Las Quince Letras Restaurante

Experience authentic Oaxacan cuisine at Las Quince Letras Restaurante in Oaxaca de Juárez - a true culinary gem offering rich flavors and warm hospitality.

4.5

Los Danzantes

Discover the exquisite flavors of Oaxaca at Los Danzantes, where traditional cuisine meets contemporary elegance in every dish.

4.6

Catedral Restaurant

Experience authentic Oaxacan flavors at Catedral Restaurant, where tradition meets taste in every delicious dish.

4.5

Best bars in Oaxaca

Top-rated picks

Best Bars

Browse the full guide

All Bars

La Mezcalerita

Discover the heart of Oaxaca at La Mezcalerita, where mezcal meets authentic Oaxacan cuisine in a vibrant atmosphere.

4.4

Txalaparta

Experience the vibrant nightlife of Oaxaca at Txalaparta, where local flavors and a lively atmosphere await you.

4.3

Guns & Beers Oaxaca

Experience the vibrant nightlife of Oaxaca at Guns & Beers, where live music, delicious food, and craft beers come together for an unforgettable evening.

3.9

Sabina Sabe

Savor the rich flavors of Oaxaca at Sabina Sabe, a grill restaurant offering authentic Mexican dishes in a lively atmosphere.

4.5

Best nightclubs in Oaxaca

Top-rated picks

Best Nightclubs

Browse the full guide

All Nightclubs

Lola Night Club

Lola Night Club: A premier nightlife destination in Oaxaca, where vibrant music and unforgettable experiences await every party-goer.

3.8

Bar La Tentación

Discover the vibrant nightlife of Oaxaca at Bar La Tentación, a lively dance restaurant and live music venue perfect for salsa lovers.

4.0

ZIU

Dive into the vibrant nightlife at ZIU, Oaxaca's premier bar and disco club, where the music never stops and the dance floor awaits!

3.9

Blackcherry Club

Discover the lively nightlife of Oaxaca at Blackcherry Club, a dynamic bar and disco offering unforgettable music and dance experiences.

4.0

Best shops in Oaxaca

Top-rated picks

Best Shops

Browse the full guide

All Shops

Central de Abastos de Oaxaca

Discover the heart of Oaxacan culture at the Central de Abastos, a lively fresh food market filled with local flavors and vibrant experiences.

3.8

Oaxaca Artisan Market

Explore the vibrant Oaxaca Artisan Market, where local craftsmanship and rich culture come together in a colorful and lively atmosphere.

4.4

Mercado Municipal Martín González

Discover the lively Mercado Municipal Martín González, where Oaxacan culture, crafts, and cuisine come together in a vibrant flea market experience.

4.4

Plaza Mazari

Discover the vibrant retail and dining experience at Plaza Mazari, Oaxaca's premier shopping destination offering local and international brands.

4.2

Explore Oaxaca on the Map

A handpicked selection of must-see spots in Oaxaca, mapped for you.

Oaxaca Essentials

Oaxaca is accessible via the Xoxocotlán International Airport (OAX), located approximately 7 kilometers south of the city center. Direct flights are available from major cities in Mexico, such as Mexico City, Guadalajara, and Monterrey. International travelers can connect through Mexico City. Alternatively, long-distance buses from Mexico City's TAPO terminal offer a scenic route to Oaxaca, typically taking around 6 to 7 hours.
Within Oaxaca, taxis are a convenient option and can be hailed on the street or booked via apps. The city also has a comprehensive bus network, with routes covering most areas of interest. For a more local experience, consider using colectivos (shared taxis) that operate on fixed routes. Renting a car is an option for those looking to explore the surrounding regions, but be aware of local driving conditions and traffic regulations.
The official currency in Oaxaca is the Mexican Peso (MXN). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger stores. However, it is advisable to carry cash for transactions in smaller establishments and markets. ATMs are readily available throughout the city, but inform your bank of your travel plans to avoid any issues with card transactions.
Oaxaca is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, it is wise to take standard precautions, such as avoiding poorly lit areas at night and not displaying valuables openly. While the city center and tourist areas are usually safe, neighborhoods like Colonia Reforma and Santa Rosa Panzacola have higher crime rates. Always stay vigilant and aware of your surroundings.
In case of emergency, dial 911 for police, medical, or fire assistance. The main hospitals in Oaxaca, such as Hospital General Dr. Aurelio Valdivieso, provide comprehensive medical services. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Pharmacies are widely available for minor health issues, and many pharmacists speak basic English.
Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting churches and historical sites. Avoid overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs, and remove hats and sunglasses when entering religious sites. Public Transport: Do be courteous and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake or a friendly nod. Use formal titles like 'Señor' or 'Señora'. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes and accept food graciously. Don’t refuse hospitality, as it may be considered impolite.
To experience Oaxaca like a local, visit the bustling markets such as Mercado Benito Juárez and Mercado 20 de Noviembre to sample traditional foods and crafts. Engage with locals, who are often friendly and willing to share insights about the city's culture and history. Don't miss the Guelaguetza festival if visiting in July, and consider taking a cooking class to learn how to make Oaxacan specialties like mole. Exploring the nearby archaeological sites of Monte Albán and Mitla offers a deeper understanding of the region's rich heritage.

When is the best time to visit Oaxaca?

With Eve

Useful Local Phrases for Oaxaca

You don't need to speak the language perfectly. Even learning a few simple words can make conversations warmer—and locals usually appreciate the effort.

— Eve

6 phrase groups English + pronunciation

Here are the phrases I use most often in Oaxaca. Try a few—you'll be surprised how far they go! 😊
❤️

- Hello¡Hola!
  [O-la]
- Goodbye¡Adiós!
  [Ah-dee-ose]
- YesSí
  [See]
- NoNo
  [No]
- Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
  [Por fa-vor/De na-da]
- Thank youGracias
  [Gra-cias]
- Excuse me/SorryPerdón/Lo siento
  [Per-don/Lo see-en-to]
- How are you?¿Cómo estás?
  [Ko-mo es-tas]
- Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
  [Bee-en. Ee too]
- Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
  [A-blas in-gles]
- I don't understandNo entiendo
  [No en-tien-do]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver el menú, por favor
  [Me gus-ta-ree-a ver el me-noo, por fa-vor]
- I don't eat meatNo como carne
  [No ko-mo kar-ne]
- Cheers!¡Salud!
  [Sa-loo-d]
- I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
  [Me gus-ta-ree-a pa-gar, por fa-vor]
- Help!¡Ayuda!
  [A-yu-da]
- Go away!¡Vete!
  [Ve-te]
- Call the Police!¡Llama a la policía!
  [Ya-ma a la po-lee-see-a]
- Call a doctor!¡Llama a un doctor!
  [Ya-ma a un dok-tor]
- I'm lostEstoy perdido
  [Es-toy per-di-do]
- I'm illEstoy enfermo
  [Es-toy en-fer-mo]
- I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
  [Me gus-ta-ree-a kom-prar]
- I'm just lookingSólo estoy mirando
  [So-lo es-toy mee-ran-do]
- How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
  [Kwan-to kwe-sta]
- That's too expensiveEsto es demasiado caro
  [Es-to es de-ma-sia-do ka-ro]
- Can you lower the price?¿Puede bajar el precio?
  [Pwe-de ba-har el pre-si-o]
- What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
  [Ke o-ra es]
- It's one o'clockEs la una
  [Es la oo-na]
- Half past (10)Y media
  [Y me-dee-a]
- MorningMañana
  [Ma-nya-na]
- AfternoonTarde
  [Tar-de]
- EveningNoche
  [No-che]
- YesterdayAyer
  [A-yer]
- TodayHoy
  [Oy]
- TomorrowMañana
  [Ma-nya-na]
- 1Uno
  [Oo-no]
- 2Dos
  [Dose]
- 3Tres
  [Tres]
- 4Cuatro
  [Kwa-tro]
- 5Cinco
  [Seen-ko]
- 6Seis
  [Says]
- 7Siete
  [Syete]
- 8Ocho
  [O-cho]
- 9Nueve
  [Nwe-ve]
- 10Diez
  [Dee-eth]
- Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está un/el...?
  [Don-de es-ta oon/el]
- What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
  [Kwal es la di-rek-sion]
- Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes mostrarme (en el mapa)?
  [Pwe-des mos-trar-me (en el ma-pa)]
- When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
  [Kwan-do es el pro-ksi-mo (au-to-bus)]
- A ticket (to ....)Un boleto (a ....)
  [Un bo-le-to (a)]

History of Oaxaca

Oaxaca's history dates back thousands of years, with evidence of human habitation as early as 11,000 BCE. The region is particularly notable for the rise of the Zapotec civilization around 500 BCE. The Zapotecs, known for their complex society and impressive architectural achievements, built the ancient city of Monte Albán, which became a major political and cultural center. The city features grand plazas, pyramids, and a remarkable system of terraces and irrigation.
Following the decline of the Zapotecs, the Mixtecs rose to prominence in Oaxaca around the 10th century. They were skilled artisans, leaving behind intricate gold jewelry, codices, and pottery. The Mixtecs also took control of Monte Albán and other key sites, integrating their culture with the existing Zapotec heritage. Their influence is still evident in the region's rich tradition of craftsmanship and artistry.
The Spanish conquest of Oaxaca began in 1521, led by the adventurer and conquistador Hernán Cortés. The region was incorporated into New Spain, and the Spanish imposed their culture, religion, and social structures on the indigenous populations. Oaxaca City was officially founded in 1532 as Antequera. The Spanish introduced Christianity, building numerous churches and monasteries, which remain significant historical and architectural landmarks today.
During the colonial period, Oaxaca became an important center for trade and agriculture, particularly known for its production of cochineal, a red dye derived from insects that was highly valued in European markets. The city evolved architecturally, with the construction of baroque churches, convents, and public buildings. The Santo Domingo de Guzmán Church and its adjacent monastery are prime examples of this period's architectural splendor.
Oaxaca played a significant role in Mexico's struggle for independence from Spain, which was achieved in 1821. The region produced several key figures in Mexican history, including Benito Juárez, the first indigenous president of Mexico, who initiated major reforms and fought against foreign intervention. The 19th century was a period of political upheaval and social change, with Oaxaca at the heart of many significant events.
The early 20th century saw Oaxaca embroiled in the Mexican Revolution, a complex and multifaceted conflict that began in 1910. The revolution brought profound social and economic changes to the region, with land reforms and shifts in power dynamics. Revolutionary leaders like Emiliano Zapata had a lasting impact on the agrarian landscape of Oaxaca, advocating for the rights of peasants and indigenous communities.
In the latter half of the 20th century, Oaxaca underwent a cultural renaissance, celebrating its indigenous heritage and vibrant traditions. The Guelaguetza festival, a major cultural event held annually, showcases the diverse customs, music, dance, and cuisine of Oaxaca's various indigenous groups. The city's historic center, with its colorful colonial buildings and bustling markets, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987, drawing visitors from around the globe.