Picos de Europa: A Natural Paradise in Spain

• HelloHola
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• GoodbyeAdiós
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• YesSí
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• NoNo
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• Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
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• Thank youGracias
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• Excuse me/SorryPerdón/Lo siento
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• How are you?¿Cómo estás?
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• Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
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• Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
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• I don't understandNo entiendo
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• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver la carta, por favor
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• I don't eat meatNo como carne
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• Cheers!¡Salud!
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• I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah pah-gar, por fah-vor]

• Help!¡Ayuda!
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• Go away!¡Vete!
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• Call the Police!¡Llama a la policía!
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• Call a doctor!¡Llama a un médico!
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• I'm lostEstoy perdido
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• I'm illEstoy enfermo
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• I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
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• I'm just lookingSolo estoy mirando
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• How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
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• That's too expensiveEs demasiado caro
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• Can you lower the price?¿Puedes bajar el precio?
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• What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
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• It's one o'clockEs la una
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• Half past (10)Y media (diez)
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• MorningMañana
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• TodayHoy
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• Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está el/la...?
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• What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
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• Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes enseñarme (en el mapa)?
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• When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
  [kwan-doh ehs ehl proh-ksy-moh (ow-toh-boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un billete (a ....)
  [oon bee-ye-teh (ah ....)]

The history of Picos de Europa begins in prehistoric times, with evidence of human habitation dating back to the Paleolithic era. The area is rich with ancient cave paintings and artifacts, particularly in the Cares and Covadonga regions. These early inhabitants relied on the region’s unique geography and abundant resources for survival.

During the Roman period, the Picos de Europa played a pivotal role in the expansion of the Roman Empire into the Iberian Peninsula. The rugged terrain posed significant challenges, but the Romans established several routes through the mountains, connecting key settlements and facilitating trade and military movements. Architectural remnants, such as road markers and fortifications, still hint at their presence.

One of the most significant historical events associated with the Picos de Europa is the Battle of Covadonga in 722 AD. This battle marked the beginning of the Christian Reconquista of Spain from the Moors. Led by Pelayo, a Visigothic noble, a small Christian force took refuge in the caves of Covadonga and successfully repelled a much larger Moorish army. This victory is often considered the foundation of the Kingdom of Asturias.

Throughout the medieval period, the Picos de Europa became a sanctuary for monastic communities. Monasteries such as Santo Toribio de Liébana were established as centers of religious scholarship and pilgrimage. The Beatus of Liébana, a monk from this monastery, authored the 'Commentary on the Apocalypse,' a significant manuscript that influenced religious thought throughout medieval Europe.

The 19th century marked a period of exploration and scientific study in the Picos de Europa. Naturalists and geologists were drawn to the region's unique flora, fauna, and geological formations. Figures such as German geographer Friedrich Parrot conducted detailed studies, contributing significantly to the scientific understanding of the region. This era also saw the rise of mountaineering as a popular pursuit, with the Picos de Europa attracting climbers from across Europe.

In 1918, parts of the Picos de Europa were designated as Spain's first National Park, initially known as the Parque Nacional de la Montaña de Covadonga. This recognition aimed to preserve the natural beauty and cultural heritage of the area. Over the years, the park has expanded and now covers over 67,000 hectares, encompassing diverse landscapes and ecosystems, and continues to be a beacon for conservation efforts.

Today, the Picos de Europa continues to be a vital cultural and natural landmark in Spain. The region hosts numerous traditional festivals, such as the Fiesta del Pastor, celebrating the pastoral heritage of the highland communities. The area's unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty attracts thousands of visitors each year, making it a significant contributor to local economies and a symbol of Spanish heritage.

Picos de Europa is located in northern Spain, spanning across the regions of Asturias, Cantabria, and Castile and León. The nearest major airports are Asturias Airport (OVD) and Santander Airport (SDR). From these airports, you can rent a car or take a bus to reach towns such as Cangas de Onís, Potes, and Arenas de Cabrales, which serve as gateways to the park. Another option is to take a train to the nearest major cities like Oviedo or Santander and then continue by bus or car.

Public transportation within Picos de Europa is limited, so renting a car is highly recommended for convenience and flexibility. Buses do operate between some of the larger towns and villages, but they are infrequent. Taxis are available but can be costly for longer distances. Walking and hiking are popular within the park, and many trails are well-marked and maintained.

The official currency in Spain is the Euro (EUR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in most hotels, restaurants, and shops in the region. However, it’s advisable to carry some cash, especially if you plan to visit smaller villages where card payment may not be accepted. ATMs are available in the larger towns surrounding the park.

Picos de Europa is generally a safe destination for tourists, with low crime rates. However, standard safety precautions should be observed. Avoid leaving valuables unattended and be cautious in crowded areas. There are no specific high-crime neighborhoods targeting tourists, but always stay vigilant and aware of your surroundings.

In case of an emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. This number connects you to police, medical services, and fire departments. It is advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. There are medical facilities and pharmacies in the larger towns around Picos de Europa. For minor health issues, local pharmacies can provide over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do wear comfortable, weather-appropriate clothing, especially if you plan to hike. Layers are recommended due to variable mountain weather. Religion: Do respect local religious customs, especially if visiting churches or religious sites. Public Transport: Do be respectful and considerate of other passengers. Don't be loud or disruptive. Greetings: Do greet people with a polite 'Hola' or 'Buenos días/tardes'. A handshake is common in more formal settings. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies such as Cabrales cheese and Fabada Asturiana. Don't forget to tip, as it is appreciated in restaurants and bars.

To experience Picos de Europa like a local, consider visiting outside peak tourist seasons in spring or autumn for fewer crowds and beautiful scenery. Take advantage of local guided tours to learn more about the area's history and natural environment. Visit traditional markets and try local produce. Engage with locals, who are often friendly and happy to share their knowledge of the region.