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Belfort Citadel: A Fortress Through the Ages

Explore centuries of military history and panoramic views at the Belfort Citadel, a symbol of French resilience and architectural evolution.

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The Belfort Citadel, a historical landmark in Belfort, France, has evolved through centuries of architectural modifications. Originally a medieval castle, it was transformed by renowned military engineers like Vauban in the 17th century and Haxo in the 19th century. Today, it stands as a testament to the city's strategic importance and resilience, offering visitors a glimpse into its rich military past and stunning panoramic views.

A brief summary to Belfort Citadel

Local tips

  • Wear comfortable shoes, as exploring the Citadel involves a fair amount of walking on uneven surfaces.
  • Visit during the summer to enjoy cultural events and sound and light shows that bring the Citadel's history to life.
  • Check the opening hours of the History Museum and Lion Terrace in advance, as they may differ from the Citadel's general opening hours.
  • Take advantage of the free access to the Citadel's fortifications and enjoy a walk along the ramparts.
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Getting There

  • Walking

    From the Belfort city center, the Citadel is a moderately challenging uphill walk. Start at Place d'Armes and follow the signs towards the Citadel. The walk takes approximately 15-20 minutes, offering scenic views along the way. Note that the route involves some steep inclines.

  • Public Transport

    From Belfort-Ville train station, take bus line 2 towards 'Justice' and get off at the 'Parant' stop. From there, it's a 10-minute walk to the Citadel's rear entrance. A single bus ticket costs around €1.50.

  • Driving

    If driving, take the A36 highway and exit at 'Belfort-Glacis-du-château'. Follow the signs to the Citadel. Parking is available near the Citadel at 'Parking fortifié Est' on Rue Xavier Bauer or 'Parking du Lion'. Parking fees are approximately €1.50 per hour. Free parking is available but limited to 48 hours at Aire de Camping-Car l'Epide.

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Discover more about Belfort Citadel

Dominating the city of Belfort from its rocky perch, the Citadel is a powerful symbol of the region's rich and often turbulent history. Its story stretches back to the Middle Ages, with the first castle built on the site in 1226. Over the centuries, the Citadel has been modified and expanded, reflecting advancements in military technology and the changing strategic needs of the region. In the 17th century, the Comte de la Suze adapted the fortress for artillery use. Later, Sébastien Le Prestre, Marquis de Vauban, transformed it into a complete Citadel, extending its defensive walls to protect the city. The 19th century marked the Citadel's golden age, surviving sieges during the Napoleonic Wars and undergoing further expansion by General Haxo. The Citadel played a crucial role during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871, when Belfort bravely resisted Prussian attacks. Colonel Denfert-Rochereau and Mayor Édouard Mény led the city's defense for 103 days, holding out until ordered to surrender by the French government. To honor Belfort's tenacity, Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, the sculptor of the Statue of Liberty, created the Lion of Belfort, a majestic pink sandstone statue that stands beside the Citadel. Today, the Belfort Citadel is a national heritage site, offering visitors a unique blend of history, architecture, and art. Explore the well-preserved ramparts, underground passages, and the History Museum to delve into the Citadel's past. Enjoy panoramic views of Belfort and the surrounding landscape from the Citadel's terraces. The Citadel also hosts cultural events, including concerts, workshops, and historical reenactments, particularly during the summer months.

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