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Feldherrnhalle: A Monument of Bavarian History

A monumental loggia in Munich's Odeonsplatz, echoing Bavarian military history, architectural grandeur, and the poignant echoes of a tumultuous past, currently undergoing restoration.

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The Feldherrnhalle, a striking 19th-century loggia on Munich's Odeonsplatz, stands as a testament to Bavarian military history and architectural grandeur. Modelled after the Loggia dei Lanzi in Florence, it was commissioned by King Ludwig I to honour the Bavarian army. The hall features bronze statues of military leaders Tilly and Wrede, and imposing stone lions guard its entrance. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, the Feldherrnhalle has been a stage for significant historical events, including the tragic end of Hitler's Beer Hall Putsch in 1923. Today, it serves as a reminder of Munich's complex past, offering visitors a glimpse into Bavarian pride, military ambition, and the rise of National Socialism. While currently undergoing extensive renovations expected to last until 2028, the exterior remains a compelling sight, and its central location makes it an easily accessible landmark for exploration.

A brief summary to Feldherrnhalle

Local tips

  • Take a moment to reflect on the events of the Beer Hall Putsch and the courage of those who resisted the Nazi regime by visiting the nearby Viscardigasse, also known as "Dodgers' Alley."
  • Combine your visit with a tour of the Munich Residenz, the former royal palace, to gain a deeper understanding of Bavarian history and culture.
  • Enjoy the view down Ludwigstrasse towards the Siegestor (Victory Gate) from the steps of the Feldherrnhalle.
  • Check for open-air concerts or events at Odeonsplatz, especially during the summer months, for a unique cultural experience.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    The Feldherrnhalle is easily accessible via Munich's efficient public transport system. Take the U3, U4, U5, or U6 subway lines to the Odeonsplatz station. The station exits directly onto Odeonsplatz, placing you steps away from the Feldherrnhalle. A single journey ticket within the inner city zone costs approximately €3.90. Alternatively, consider a day ticket for €9.20 if you plan to use public transport extensively. Several bus lines also stop at Odeonsplatz, including the 100 and 153. Check the MVV (Münchner Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund) website or app for the most up-to-date schedules and fare information.

  • Walking

    The Feldherrnhalle is located at the northern end of Munich's pedestrian zone, making it easily reachable on foot from many central locations. From Marienplatz, walk north along Weinstrasse, then turn left onto Theatinerstrasse. Continue straight; you'll see the Feldherrnhalle at the end of Theatinerstrasse on Odeonsplatz. The walk is approximately 10 minutes. As you approach Odeonsplatz, you'll pass the Theatine Church on your right and the Hofgarten on your left, offering additional sightseeing opportunities.

  • Taxi/Ride-Share

    Taxis and ride-sharing services are readily available in Munich. A short taxi ride from Marienplatz to the Feldherrnhalle typically costs between €11 and €15, depending on traffic. When using a ride-sharing app, be sure to confirm the fare and drop-off location before starting your trip. Note that traffic around Odeonsplatz can be congested, especially during peak hours and events.

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Discover more about Feldherrnhalle

The Feldherrnhalle, or Field Marshals' Hall, is a monumental loggia gracing Munich's Odeonsplatz. Its story is woven into the fabric of Bavarian history, reflecting military glory, royal ambition, and the dark shadow of the Nazi era. Commissioned by King Ludwig I of Bavaria and constructed between 1841 and 1844, the Feldherrnhalle was designed by architect Friedrich von Gärtner. Ludwig I, a fervent admirer of Italian Renaissance art, sought to emulate the elegance of Florence in his own capital. He drew inspiration from the Loggia dei Lanzi, a 14th-century Florentine landmark, resulting in the Feldherrnhalle's striking resemblance to its Italian counterpart. The hall was conceived as a tribute to the Bavarian army and its commanders. Bronze statues of two prominent military figures, Johann Tilly and Karl Philipp von Wrede, stand within its arched recesses. Tilly, a field marshal of the Catholic League during the Thirty Years' War, represents Bavaria's martial prowess in the 17th century. Wrede, who commanded Bavarian troops against Napoleon, embodies the kingdom's role in the Napoleonic Wars. These statues, crafted by Ludwig Schwanthaler, were intended to inspire patriotism and commemorate Bavarian military achievements. Two imposing stone lions flank the entrance steps, adding to the Feldherrnhalle's grandeur. Sculpted by Wilhelm von Rümann in 1906, these lions have become iconic symbols of Munich. Legend has it that one lion roars towards the Residenz, the royal palace, signifying the people's right to speak truth to power, while the other remains silent towards the church, representing a separation of secular and religious authority. In 1892, a Bavarian army memorial was added to the hall by Prince Regent Luitpold, commemorating the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71. This bronze scene, created by Ferdinand von Miller the Younger, further solidified the Feldherrnhalle's role as a monument to Bavarian military valor. However, the Feldherrnhalle's history took a dark turn in the 20th century. On November 9, 1923, it became the site of a violent confrontation that marked a turning point in the rise of Adolf Hitler. The Beer Hall Putsch, an attempt by Hitler and his followers to seize control of the Bavarian government, ended in a bloody clash with state police in front of the Feldherrnhalle. Sixteen Nazis and four police officers were killed in the skirmish. Following the failed putsch, Hitler transformed the Feldherrnhalle into a Nazi shrine. A memorial to the fallen Nazis was erected, and SS guards stood watch around the clock. Passersby were forced to give the Nazi salute as they passed the monument. This act transformed the Feldherrnhalle into a symbol of Nazi power and oppression. Many Munich residents, however, resisted this forced display of allegiance. They detoured through the Viscardigasse, a narrow alley behind the Feldherrnhalle, to avoid having to salute the Nazi memorial. This act of silent defiance earned the Viscardigasse the nickname "Drückebergergasserl," or "shirkers' alley." After World War II, efforts were made to remove the Nazi symbols and restore the Feldherrnhalle to its original purpose as a monument to Bavarian military history. A plaque was installed to commemorate the four police officers who died during the Beer Hall Putsch, and the Viscardigasse was paved with bronze cobblestones to honor those who resisted Nazi oppression. Today, the Feldherrnhalle stands as a complex and multifaceted symbol. It represents Bavarian military history, royal ambition, and the tragic consequences of political extremism. It serves as a reminder of the importance of resisting tyranny and upholding democratic values. Visitors to the Feldherrnhalle can reflect on its rich and often contradictory history. They can admire its architectural beauty, contemplate the meaning of its statues and memorials, and remember the events that unfolded on this historic site. Currently (as of May 2025), the Feldherrnhalle is undergoing extensive renovations expected to last until 2028. The restoration project aims to preserve the monument's architectural integrity and ensure its long-term stability. While the hall is covered in scaffolding during the renovation, visitors can still view its exterior and learn about its history. The Feldherrnhalle remains a focal point of Odeonsplatz, a vibrant public square that attracts tourists and locals alike. Its central location makes it easily accessible by public transportation and a convenient starting point for exploring Munich's many other attractions. Despite the ongoing renovations, the Feldherrnhalle continues to be a powerful symbol of Munich's past and a reminder of the importance of preserving history and promoting peace.

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