Gibraltar Nature Reserve: A Sanctuary of Natural Wonders and Historic Marvels
Discover the Gibraltar Nature Reserve: where rich history, diverse wildlife, and stunning landscapes converge atop the iconic Rock of Gibraltar.
Nestled atop the famous Rock of Gibraltar, the Gibraltar Nature Reserve offers an unforgettable experience for nature enthusiasts and history buffs alike. The reserve spans over 40% of Gibraltar's land area, making it a vast and diverse habitat for over 600 species of plants and a variety of wildlife, including the famous Barbary macaques. These free-roaming primates are Europe's only wild monkey population and are a major attraction for visitors. Within the reserve, you can explore a myriad of scenic trails that lead to breathtaking viewpoints, such as O’Hara’s Battery and the iconic Skywalk. These vantage points provide panoramic views of the Strait of Gibraltar, the Mediterranean Sea, and even the distant coast of Africa on a clear day. The reserve is also home to numerous historical sites, including the Great Siege Tunnels and the Moorish Castle, which offer a fascinating glimpse into Gibraltar’s storied past. In addition to its natural beauty and historical significance, the Gibraltar Nature Reserve is a sanctuary for relaxation and adventure. Whether you're keen on bird watching, hiking, or simply soaking in the tranquil environment, this reserve caters to all interests. Its unique blend of natural and cultural heritage makes it a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Gibraltar.
Local tips in Gibraltar Nature Reserve
- Visit early in the morning to avoid crowds and to see the wildlife at their most active.
- Wear comfortable walking shoes as the terrain can be uneven and steep in places.
- Bring water and snacks, as there are limited facilities within the reserve.
- Be cautious around the Barbary macaques; do not feed them and secure your belongings.
- Check the weather forecast and dress appropriately, as it can be windy and cooler at higher altitudes.
Gibraltar Nature Reserve: A Sanctuary of Natural Wonders and Historic Marvels
Nestled atop the famous Rock of Gibraltar, the Gibraltar Nature Reserve offers an unforgettable experience for nature enthusiasts and history buffs alike. The reserve spans over 40% of Gibraltar's land area, making it a vast and diverse habitat for over 600 species of plants and a variety of wildlife, including the famous Barbary macaques. These free-roaming primates are Europe's only wild monkey population and are a major attraction for visitors. Within the reserve, you can explore a myriad of scenic trails that lead to breathtaking viewpoints, such as O’Hara’s Battery and the iconic Skywalk. These vantage points provide panoramic views of the Strait of Gibraltar, the Mediterranean Sea, and even the distant coast of Africa on a clear day. The reserve is also home to numerous historical sites, including the Great Siege Tunnels and the Moorish Castle, which offer a fascinating glimpse into Gibraltar’s storied past. In addition to its natural beauty and historical significance, the Gibraltar Nature Reserve is a sanctuary for relaxation and adventure. Whether you're keen on bird watching, hiking, or simply soaking in the tranquil environment, this reserve caters to all interests. Its unique blend of natural and cultural heritage makes it a must-visit destination for anyone traveling to Gibraltar.
When is the best time to go to Gibraltar Nature Reserve?
Iconic landmarks you can’t miss
Saint Michael's Cave
Explore the depths of history and natural beauty in Gibraltar's famous limestone cave, featuring stunning formations and captivating light shows.
Gibraltar Cable Car
Reach the Top of the Rock in minutes! Enjoy breathtaking views, encounter Barbary macaques, and explore Gibraltar's rich history.
Europa Point Lighthouse
Iconic lighthouse at Gibraltar's southern tip, offering panoramic views of the Strait, where the Atlantic and Mediterranean meet.
Skywalk Gibraltar
Experience breathtaking views from a glass platform atop the Rock of Gibraltar, offering a unique perspective of Europe and Africa.
Moorish Castle
Explore the Moorish Castle in Gibraltar, a historic fortress offering panoramic views and a glimpse into the region's rich past.
Apes Den
Encounter Europe's only wild monkeys at Apes' Den in Gibraltar, a unique wildlife experience with stunning views of the Rock.
Windsor Suspension Bridge
Experience breathtaking views and a thrilling walk high above Gibraltar's dramatic landscape on the Windsor Suspension Bridge. A must-see attraction!
Commonwealth Park
Discover tranquility in Gibraltar's Commonwealth Park: a green oasis in the city center for relaxation, events, and scenic beauty.
Great Siege Tunnels
Explore Gibraltar's Great Siege Tunnels: A historic network of military tunnels carved into the Rock, offering a glimpse into 18th-century defense.
Mediterranean Steps
Hike Gibraltar's Mediterranean Steps for breathtaking views, a challenging climb, and a journey through military history within a stunning natural reserve.
O'Hara's Battery
Explore Gibraltar's military history at O'Hara's Battery, the Rock's highest point, offering panoramic views and a glimpse into the past.
Alameda Wildlife Park
Discover exotic and native species at Gibraltar's only wildlife park, nestled in the beautiful Alameda Botanic Gardens.
Gibraltar Rock
Explore the iconic Rock of Gibraltar: History, stunning views, and the famous Barbary macaques await at this Mediterranean landmark.
The Gibraltar National Museum
Explore Gibraltar's history, culture, and natural wonders at the Gibraltar National Museum, from Neanderthals to modern times.
Barbary macaque feeding station
Meet Gibraltar's famous Barbary macaques at this unique feeding station in the Upper Rock Nature Reserve. A must-see for wildlife enthusiasts!
Unmissable attractions to see
Commonwealth Park
Experience the natural beauty of Commonwealth Park in Gibraltar, a perfect blend of tranquility, vibrant flora, and stunning sea views for every traveler.
Commonwealth Park
Discover the serene beauty of Commonwealth Park in Gibraltar, where modern design meets nature in a peaceful urban oasis.
Valdevaqueros
Discover the breathtaking beauty of Valdevaqueros Beach, a top destination in Cádiz for sun, sand, and thrilling water sports.
Mediterranean Steps
Discover the breathtaking Mediterranean Steps in Gibraltar, where stunning views and rich history await every hiker.
Iglesia de San Mateo Apóstol
Explore the historic Iglesia de San Mateo Apóstol in Tarifa, a stunning Catholic church showcasing rich architectural heritage and spiritual tranquility.
Ayuntamiento de Estepona
Explore the cultural heart of Estepona at the captivating Ayuntamiento, a blend of history, architecture, and local tradition in Málaga.
Europa waterfall Gibraltar
Experience the natural beauty of Gibraltar at Europa Waterfall, a serene escape surrounded by stunning landscapes and vibrant wildlife.
Campion Park
Experience the serene beauty of Campion Park in Gibraltar, a perfect retreat for nature lovers and families seeking relaxation and outdoor fun.
Cruise Piers Gibraltar
Experience the stunning views and vibrant culture at the Cruise Piers in Gibraltar, your gateway to adventure and history.
Harding's Observation Post
Experience breathtaking views and bird watching at Harding's Observation Post, a serene observatory at the southern tip of Gibraltar.
Signal Hill
Experience the stunning vistas and rich history of Signal Hill in Gibraltar, a premier tourist attraction for breathtaking views and memorable moments.
Union Jack Steps
Discover the breathtaking vistas and historical significance of Union Jack Steps, a must-see hiking area in Gibraltar’s stunning landscapes.
Gibraltar Ornithological and Natural History Society (GONHS)
Explore Gibraltar's natural beauty and rich avian life at the Gibraltar Ornithological and Natural History Society, a haven for bird watchers and nature lovers.
Castle Steps
Experience breathtaking views and rich history at Castle Steps, Gibraltar's scenic hiking area leading up the iconic Rock of Gibraltar.
Engineer Promenade
Discover the breathtaking views and tranquil atmosphere of Engineer Promenade in Gibraltar, a perfect spot for relaxation and scenic strolls.
Essential places to dine
The Clipper
Experience the flavors of Gibraltar at The Clipper – where local ingredients meet culinary creativity in a cozy atmosphere.
Jury's Café and Wine Bar
Experience exquisite dining at Jury's Café and Wine Bar in Gibraltar - where local flavors meet global tastes in a cozy atmosphere.
Biancas Restaurant
Experience the essence of Gibraltar's culinary scene at Biancas Restaurant - where Mediterranean flavors meet stunning marina views.
Curry and Sushi
Discover the fusion of flavors at Curry and Sushi in Gibraltar—where Indian spices meet Japanese artistry for an unforgettable dining experience.
Little Bay Bar and Indian Restaurant
Experience authentic Indian cuisine with breathtaking views at Little Bay Bar and Indian Restaurant on Gibraltar's Ocean Village Promenade.
Paparazzi Steakhouse
Experience the ultimate steak dining at Paparazzi Steakhouse in Gibraltar - where flavor meets hospitality in a cozy setting.
Aquaterra
Discover Aquaterra in Gibraltar: Where Fresh Ingredients Meet Exceptional Culinary Craftsmanship.
Curry & Nigiri
Experience the vibrant flavors of India and Asia at Curry & Nigiri in Gibraltar - where culinary traditions meet innovation.
Rendezvous Chargrill
Experience exceptional grilled cuisine with stunning marina views at Rendezvous Chargrill in Gibraltar – perfect for food lovers!
The Lounge Bar & Gastro Bar
Experience exquisite dining and vibrant nightlife at The Lounge Bar & Gastro Bar in Gibraltar's scenic marina.
GAUCHOS Steakhouse
Discover culinary excellence at GAUCHOS Steakhouse in Gibraltar - where premium meats meet exceptional service in a stylish setting.
Piccadilly Garden Bar
Experience delightful Mediterranean cuisine at Piccadilly Garden Bar in Gibraltar's beautiful gardens.
Europa Point Café
Enjoy stunning Mediterranean views while savoring delicious meals at Europa Point Café in Gibraltar.
My Wines Gibraltar
Experience the best of Gibraltar’s gastronomy at My Wines Gibraltar – where fine dining meets an exceptional wine selection.
The Dolphin Restaurant
Experience fresh seafood and local cuisine at The Dolphin Restaurant in Gibraltar – where every meal is a taste of the Mediterranean.
Markets, malls and hidden boutiques
Apes Den
Explore the iconic Apes Den in Gibraltar, a scenic spot where playful Barbary macaques and stunning views create unforgettable moments.
Marks & Spencer
Explore the stylish offerings of Marks & Spencer, Gibraltar's premier department store for fashion, accessories, and gourmet groceries.
Mediterranean Steps
Explore the Mediterranean Steps: A stunning hiking trail in Gibraltar with breathtaking views of the Mediterranean Sea and rich historical landmarks.
Gibraltar Rock
Explore the breathtaking beauty of Gibraltar Rock, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where history, wildlife, and stunning views converge for an unforgettable adventure.
Gibraltar Nature Reserve
Discover the breathtaking landscapes and rich history of Gibraltar Nature Reserve, home to diverse wildlife and stunning views.
Antonio Diamond Boutique
Discover exquisite jewelry and exceptional craftsmanship at Antonio Diamond Boutique in Gibraltar, your destination for luxury and elegance.
Marble Arc
Discover stylish apparel and exceptional service at Marble Arc, Gibraltar's ultimate destination for fashion enthusiasts.
The Gibraltar Gift Shop
Explore The Gibraltar Gift Shop for unique toys and souvenirs that capture the charm of Gibraltar, perfect for kids and collectors alike.
Cohen and Massias - Jewellery & Watches
Discover exquisite jewelry and luxury watches at Cohen and Massias, a premier destination in Gibraltar for unique treasures and personalized service.
Gibraltar Duty Free Shop
Discover unbeatable deals on luxury goods and local treasures at the Gibraltar Duty Free Shop, your ultimate shopping destination at the airport.
Gibraltar Arts and Crafts
Explore the vibrant creativity of Gibraltar at the Arts and Crafts store in Casemates Square, where local artisans showcase their unique handmade treasures.
RADHIKA
Discover exquisite jewelry at Radhika, Gibraltar's premium jewelry store, where elegance meets craftsmanship in a unique shopping experience.
ADAM GIFTS & LUGGAGE
Explore the best of Gibraltar's souvenirs at ADAM GIFTS & LUGGAGE, where unique gifts meet local charm.
Gift Shop
Explore Gibraltar's vibrant gift shop for unique souvenirs and local crafts that embody the spirit of this iconic destination.
Essardas Luxury
Discover exquisite jewelry at Essardas Luxury in Gibraltar, where elegance meets craftsmanship in a stunning selection of unique pieces.
Essential bars & hidden hideouts
The Angry Friar
Experience the vibrant atmosphere of The Angry Friar, Gibraltar's beloved pub with hearty food, local drinks, and a lively ambiance.
The Lord Nelson
Experience the charm of Gibraltar at The Lord Nelson, a historic pub with local flavors and a welcoming atmosphere.
Jury's Café and Wine Bar
Experience culinary delight at Jury's Café and Wine Bar in Gibraltar, where local flavors meet international cuisine in a vibrant setting.
O'Reilly's Irish Pub & Steakhouse
Discover a vibrant Irish dining experience at O'Reilly's Pub & Steakhouse in Gibraltar, where tradition meets flavor in a lively atmosphere.
The Lounge Bar & Gastro Bar
Experience exquisite dining and vibrant nightlife at The Lounge Bar & Gastro Bar in Gibraltar's scenic marina.
Star Bar
Discover the lively Star Bar in Gibraltar, a perfect blend of local culture, tasty drinks, and a vibrant atmosphere for all visitors.
All's Well
Discover the rich flavors of Gibraltar at All's Well, a lively tapas bar offering a delightful dining experience in Grand Casemates Square.
Venture Inn Pub/Bar Gibraltar
Discover the charm of Irish hospitality at Venture Inn Pub in Gibraltar, where the drinks flow and the atmosphere is always lively.
The Skull
Discover The Skull in Gibraltar, a quirky bar with a friendly atmosphere, perfect for unwinding after exploring the local sights.
The Hendrix Pub
Experience the vibrant nightlife at The Hendrix Pub in Gibraltar's Ocean Village, offering craft cocktails, stunning marina views, and live entertainment.
The Bridge Bar & Grill
Experience the vibrant flavors and stunning views at The Bridge Bar & Grill in Gibraltar's Ocean Village.
The Ship
Discover The Ship, a vibrant bar in Gibraltar's Marina Bay, offering delicious food, refreshing drinks, and a stunning waterfront view.
THE ARENA SPORTS CAFE
Experience the thrill of live sports and delicious American cuisine at The Arena Sports Cafe in Gibraltar's Ocean Village Marina.
Three Owls
Discover the vibrant atmosphere and delightful drinks at Three Owls Bar in Gibraltar, the perfect spot for relaxation and socializing.
Local Phrases about Gibraltar Nature Reserve
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- HelloHola
[oh-la] - GoodbyeAdiós
[ah-dee-ohs] - YesSí
[see] - NoNo
[noh] - Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
[por fah-vor/de nah-dah] - Thank youGracias
[grah-see-ahs] - Excuse me/SorryPerdón/Lo siento
[pair-dohn/lo see-en-toh] - How are you?¿Cómo estás?
[koh-moh ess-tahs] - Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
[bee-en. ee too] - Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
[ah-blahs een-glays] - I don't understandNo entiendo
[noh en-tee-en-doh]
- HelloHola
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- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver el menú, por favor
[may goo-stah-ree-ah ver el meh-noo, por fah-vor] - I don't eat meatNo como carne
[noh koh-moh kahr-neh] - Cheers!¡Salud!
[sah-lood] - I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
[may goo-stah-ree-ah pah-gar, por fah-vor]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver el menú, por favor
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- Help!¡Ayuda!
[ah-yoo-dah] - Go away!¡Vete!
[veh-teh] - Call the Police!¡Llama a la policía!
[yah-mah ah lah poh-lee-see-ah] - Call a doctor!¡Llama a un médico!
[yah-mah ah oon meh-dee-koh] - I'm lostEstoy perdido
[ess-toy pair-dee-doh] - I'm illEstoy enfermo
[ess-toy en-fehr-moh]
- Help!¡Ayuda!
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- I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
[may goo-stah-ree-ah kohm-prar] - I'm just lookingSolo estoy mirando
[soh-loh ess-toy mee-rahn-doh] - How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
[kwan-to kweh-stah] - That's too expensiveEs demasiado caro
[ess deh-mah-see-ah-doh kah-roh] - Can you lower the price?¿Puedes bajar el precio?
[pweh-des bah-har el pree-seh-oh]
- I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
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- What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
[keh oh-rah ess] - It's one o'clockEs la una
[ess lah oo-nah] - Half past (10)Las diez y media
[lahs dee-ehs ee meh-dee-ah] - MorningMañana
[mah-nyah-nah] - AfternoonTarde
[tahr-deh] - EveningNoche
[noh-cheh] - YesterdayAyer
[ah-yehr] - TodayHoy
[oy] - TomorrowMañana
[mah-nyah-nah] - 1Uno
[oo-noh] - 2Dos
[dohs] - 3Tres
[trehs] - 4Cuatro
[kwah-troh] - 5Cinco
[seen-koh] - 6Seis
[says] - 7Siete
[syeh-teh] - 8Ocho
[oh-choh] - 9Nueve
[nweh-veh] - 10Diez
[dee-ehs]
- What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
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- Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está...?
[dohn-deh ess-tah] - What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
[kwahl ess lah dee-rehk-see-ohn] - Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes mostrarme (en el mapa)?
[pweh-des mohs-trar-meh (en el mah-pah)] - When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
[kwan-doh ess el proh-ksee-moh (ow-toe-booce)] - A ticket (to ....)Un billete (a...)
[oon bee-yeh-teh (ah)]
- Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está...?
History of Gibraltar Nature Reserve
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The history of Gibraltar Nature Reserve dates back to ancient times, with evidence of Neanderthal habitation in Gorham's Cave, located within the reserve. These archaeological findings have provided significant insights into the lives of early human ancestors, making the reserve a site of great prehistoric importance.
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During the early 8th century, the Moors, led by Tariq ibn Ziyad, landed on the Rock of Gibraltar, marking the beginning of Moorish influence in the region. The reserve area includes remnants of this period, such as defensive walls and structures that highlight the strategic significance of Gibraltar in connecting Europe and Africa.
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In 1704, during the War of the Spanish Succession, Anglo-Dutch forces captured Gibraltar. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 officially ceded Gibraltar to Britain. The nature reserve encompasses many historical fortifications and tunnels from this era, including the Great Siege Tunnels, which were expanded during the Great Siege of Gibraltar (1779-1783) by the Spanish and French forces.
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Gibraltar's strategic importance was further highlighted during World War II. The British military extensively fortified the Rock, carving out an intricate network of tunnels and bunkers to create an underground city that could withstand prolonged sieges. The nature reserve contains many of these wartime relics, offering a glimpse into the military ingenuity of the time.
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The Gibraltar Nature Reserve was established in 1993 to protect the rich biodiversity and historical landmarks of the area. It covers over 40% of Gibraltar's land area, preserving its unique flora and fauna, as well as its historical sites. The reserve is home to the famous Barbary macaques, the only wild monkey population in Europe, adding a unique cultural aspect to the region.
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In 2016, Gorham's Cave Complex within the Gibraltar Nature Reserve was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This recognition underscores the global importance of the archaeological findings in the area, which include some of the last known evidence of Neanderthal life and culture.
Gibraltar Nature Reserve Essentials
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Gibraltar Nature Reserve is located on the Rock of Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula. The nearest airport is Gibraltar International Airport (GIB), which has direct flights from the UK and other European destinations. Alternatively, you can fly into Málaga Airport (AGP) in Spain, which is about a 1.5-hour drive from Gibraltar. From Málaga, you can either rent a car, take a bus, or arrange for a private transfer to Gibraltar.
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Within Gibraltar, local buses operated by Gibraltar Bus Company cover most parts of the territory, including routes to the Nature Reserve. Taxis are also available and can be a convenient way to get to the reserve. For those who enjoy walking, the reserve is accessible on foot, but be prepared for steep climbs. Renting a car is less common due to the small size of Gibraltar and limited parking.
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The official currency in Gibraltar is the Gibraltar Pound (GIP), which is pegged at par with the British Pound Sterling (GBP). British Pounds are also widely accepted. Credit and debit cards are accepted in most places, including restaurants, shops, and attractions within the Nature Reserve. ATMs are available, and it is advisable to carry some cash for smaller vendors or in case card facilities are unavailable.
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Gibraltar is generally a safe destination with low crime rates. However, it's always wise to take standard precautions. Pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas, so keep an eye on your belongings. The Nature Reserve itself is safe, but be cautious when hiking or exploring caves, and stick to marked paths to avoid getting lost or injured.
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In case of an emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. This number connects you to police, fire, and medical services. The main hospital is St. Bernard's Hospital, located in the center of Gibraltar. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor issues, there are several pharmacies around Gibraltar where you can purchase over-the-counter medications.
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Fashion: Do wear comfortable shoes and clothing suitable for hiking. Avoid flip-flops or sandals. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions, especially when visiting religious sites. Public Transport: Do respect local public transport rules, such as not eating or drinking on buses. Greetings: Do greet people with a friendly 'hello' or 'hi'. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and be polite when offered food. Don't feed the Barbary macaques as they can become aggressive.
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To experience Gibraltar Nature Reserve like a local, visit early in the morning to avoid the crowds and enjoy the serene environment. Take the Mediterranean Steps for a challenging but rewarding hike with stunning views. Engage with local guides to learn about the history and ecology of the area. Don’t miss the Great Siege Tunnels and the Moorish Castle for a deep dive into Gibraltar’s history. Always carry a reusable water bottle to stay hydrated.
Trending Landmarks in Gibraltar Nature Reserve
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Saint Michael's Cave
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Gibraltar Cable Car
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Europa Point Lighthouse
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Skywalk Gibraltar
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Moorish Castle
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Apes Den
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Windsor Suspension Bridge
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Commonwealth Park
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Great Siege Tunnels
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Mediterranean Steps
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O'Hara's Battery
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Alameda Wildlife Park
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Gibraltar Rock
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The Gibraltar National Museum
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Barbary macaque feeding station
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