Osh: The Heart of Southern Kyrgyzstan

• HelloСаламатсызбы?
  [Salamatsyzby?]
• GoodbyeЖакшы калыңыз
  [Jaksy kalynyz]
• YesОоба
  [Ooba]
• NoЖок
  [Jok]
• Please/You're welcomeМененче көңүл бол
  [Menenche kөңyl bol]
• Thank youРахмат
  [Rahmat]
• Excuse me/SorryКечиресиз
  [Keçiresiz]
• How are you?Кандайсыз?
  [Kandaysyz?]
• Fine. And you?Жакшым. Сиз кандайсыз?
  [Jaksym. Siz kandaysyz?]
• Do you speak English?Сиз инглизче сөйлөсүүңүз келеби?
  [Siz inglizche söylösüüñüş kelebi?]
• I don't understandМенин түшүнүшүм жок
  [Menin tüşünüşüm yok]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseМенюны караңыз, пжл
  [Menyuny karañyz, pjl]
• I don't eat meatМен маймыл жемейм
  [Men maymil jemeym]
• Cheers!Сау болуңуз!
  [Sau boluñuz!]
• I would like to pay, pleaseТөлөм кылгыла
  [Tölöm kılgıla]

• Help!Жардам!
  [Jardam!]
• Go away!Алыстан кет!
  [Alystan ket!]
• Call the Police!Полицияны чакырыңыз!
  [Politsiyanı çakıryñyz!]
• Call a doctor!Докторду чакырыңыз!
  [Doktordu çakıryñyz!]
• I'm lostМен таңдап жатам
  [Men tañdap çatam]
• I'm illМен ауруу менен каршым
  [Men auruu menen karşım]

• I'd like to buy...Мен сатып алып көрмөкчүм
  [Men satıp alyp körmökçüm]
• I'm just lookingМенин кара караган жок
  [Menin kara karagan jok]
• How much is it?Бул канча?
  [Bul kança?]
• That's too expensiveБул абдан көп
  [Bul abdan köp]
• Can you lower the price?Сиз баасын төмөндөйсүзбү?
  [Siz baasın tömöndöysüzbu?]

• What time is it?Саат канчада?
  [Saat kançada?]
• It's one o'clockСаат бирде
  [Saat birda]
• Half past (10)Ондоң жарым
  [Ondoñ jarım]
• MorningКүн
  [Kün]
• AfternoonТүш
  [Tüş]
• EveningКеч
  [Keç]
• YesterdayКече
  [Keçe]
• TodayБүгүн
  [Bügün]
• TomorrowЭрте
  [Erte]
• 1Бир
  [Bir]
• 2Эки
  [Eki]
• 3Үч
  [Üch]
• 4Төрт
  [Tört]
• 5Беш
  [Beş]
• 6Алты
  [Altı]
• 7Жети
  [Jeti]
• 8Сегиз
  [Segiz]
• 9Тогуз
  [Toguz]
• 10Он
  [On]

• Where's a/the...?... кайда?
  [... kayda?]
• What's the address?Адреси кандай?
  [Adresi kanday?]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Мени (карта боюнча) көрдүрсөңүзбү?
  [Meni (karta boyunça) kördürsöñüzbü?]
• When's the next (bus)?Кийинки (автобус) кайда?
  [Kiyinki (avtobus) kayda?]
• A ticket (to ....)Билет (....га)
  [Bilet (....ga)]

Osh is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia, with a history that dates back over 3,000 years. According to archaeological findings, the area was inhabited as early as the Bronze Age. Osh’s strategic location along the ancient Silk Road facilitated its growth as a vibrant trade and cultural hub, connecting the East and West.

During the height of the Silk Road, Osh flourished as a significant commercial center. Traders from China, Persia, and the Mediterranean brought goods such as silk, spices, and precious metals through the city. This era saw a melding of cultures and ideas, leaving a lasting impact on the city's architecture, cuisine, and traditions.

In the 10th century, Osh came under the rule of the Karakhanid Dynasty, which played a key role in the spread of Islam in the region. The city became an important religious center, with the construction of mosques and madrasas. The influence of Islamic culture is still evident in Osh’s historic sites and traditions.

The 13th century brought the Mongol invasions, led by Genghis Khan. Osh was affected by the widespread destruction that characterized the Mongol conquests. Despite this, the city managed to rebuild and continue its role as a key point on the Silk Road, although under the shadow of Mongol dominance.

Following the decline of the Mongol Empire, Osh came under the control of the Timurid and later the Shaybanid dynasties. These periods saw the construction of significant architectural monuments, including the Sulayman Mountain, which became a place of pilgrimage and was later inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site.

In the 19th century, Osh was absorbed into the Russian Empire, marking the beginning of significant political and social changes. With the establishment of Soviet rule in the 20th century, Osh underwent industrialization and modernization. The Soviet era brought educational and infrastructural developments, although it also led to the suppression of local customs and traditions.

With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Osh became part of an independent Kyrgyzstan. The city has since experienced a resurgence of cultural pride and economic development. Osh is now a vibrant city that honors its rich history while embracing modernity. It remains a key cultural and economic center in the region.

Osh is located in the Fergana Valley in the southern part of Kyrgyzstan. The nearest international airport is Osh International Airport (OSS), which is approximately 9 kilometers from the city center. The airport receives direct flights from major cities like Bishkek, Moscow, and Istanbul. From the airport, you can take a taxi or a minibus (marshrutka) to reach the city center. The journey typically takes around 20-30 minutes by road.

Osh has a well-developed transportation network. Taxis are readily available and relatively inexpensive. Make sure to agree on a fare before starting your journey. Public buses and minibuses (marshrutkas) operate within the city and to nearby villages, offering an affordable way to get around. For a more flexible option, renting a car is also possible, though driving can be challenging due to local traffic conditions.

The official currency in Kyrgyzstan is the Kyrgyzstani Som (KGS). Credit cards are accepted in some hotels, restaurants, and shops, but it is advisable to carry cash, especially in smaller establishments and rural areas. ATMs are available throughout Osh, but it is wise to withdraw sufficient cash before heading to more remote areas.

Osh is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, it is always advisable to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas and keep an eye on your belongings in crowded places like bazaars and public transport. While Osh does not have specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, it is always best to stay vigilant and aware of your surroundings.

In case of emergency, dial 101 for fire, 102 for police, and 103 for medical emergencies. The local police station and medical facilities are available in Osh. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, there are pharmacies in the city where you can purchase over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Always cover your head when entering mosques. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake. A slight bow of the head is also a sign of respect. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don’t refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Osh like a local, visit the bustling Osh Bazaar, where you can buy fresh produce and traditional Kyrgyz goods. Engage with locals, as they are often friendly and willing to share stories about the city's history and culture. Don't miss visiting Sulaiman-Too, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which offers breathtaking views of the city and is considered sacred by the local population.