Makkah, Saudi Arabia Travel Guide

Explore Makkah, the spiritual heart of Islam, where millions gather for Hajj and experience a blend of rich history, culture, and modern comforts.

Makkah, also known as Mecca, is the holiest city in Islam. It is located in the Sirat Mountains of Saudi Arabia and is the birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad. Every year, millions of Muslims from around the world travel to Makkah to perform Hajj, one of the Five Pillars of Islam. The city is home to the Kaaba, the most sacred site in Islam, situated within the Masjid al-Haram, the largest mosque in the world. This spiritual journey offers a unique opportunity to experience unity, peace, and devotion among the faithful. While Makkah is primarily known for its religious significance, it also boasts a rich history and culture. Visitors can explore ancient sites such as Jabal al-Nour, the mountain where Prophet Muhammad received his first revelation. The city also features several museums, including the Makkah Museum, which showcases Islamic artifacts and the history of the city. Despite its deep religious roots, Makkah has modernized over the years with luxurious hotels, shopping centers, and fine dining experiences, blending tradition with contemporary comforts. Due to its religious importance, certain areas in Makkah are restricted to Muslims only. Non-Muslims can still visit nearby cities like Jeddah and Ta'if, which offer a glimpse into the culture and heritage of Saudi Arabia. For Muslims, a visit to Makkah is a life-changing experience filled with spiritual growth and reflection. The city's welcoming atmosphere and deep-rooted traditions make it a must-visit destination for those seeking both spiritual fulfillment and cultural enrichment.

From Eve

Know before you go

Hi, I'm Eve. Here are a few practical things to know before exploring Makkah.

Non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the city of Makkah. Plan your visit accordingly.
Book your accommodations well in advance, especially during Hajj season.
Dress conservatively to respect local customs and religious practices.
Carry a prayer rug and a small bottle of water, especially during the hot months.
Learn some basic Arabic phrases to help with communication.
Be prepared for large crowds and long waits during religious rituals.

Top City Travel Guides in Makkah

The cities of Makkah, and the easiest places to base yourself.

Mecca

Medina

Jeddah

Taif

Al Baha

Destinations in Makkah

Resorts, valleys and scenic spots worth a trip of their own.

Al Wahbah Crater

Al Hada

Explore Makkah: Things to Do, Places to Eat, Hotels & More

Handpicked recommendations for top attractions, local dining, accommodations, and more

Top Attractions & Sightseeing in Makkah

Top-rated picks

Best Attractions

Browse the full guide

All Attractions

Masjid al-Haram

Explore the grandeur of Masjid al-Haram, the holiest mosque in Islam, a must-visit for every traveler in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

4.9

Kaaba

Experience the spiritual heart of Islam at the Kaaba in Makkah, an iconic pilgrimage site that brings millions together in faith and devotion.

4.8

Arruddaf Park

Discover the beauty and tranquility of Arruddaf Park in Taif, where nature meets recreation in a picturesque setting.

4.4

The Clock Towers

Discover the grandeur of The Clock Towers in Makkah, a luxurious blend of modern architecture and spiritual significance, just steps from the holy Masjid al-Haram.

4.6

Best landmarks in Makkah

Top-rated picks

Best Landmarks

Browse the full guide

All Landmarks

Arruddaf Park

Experience the beauty and tranquility of Arruddaf Park, a family-friendly destination in Taif, perfect for relaxation and outdoor activities.

4.4

Green Mountain Resort

Explore the thrill and beauty of Green Mountain Resort, a premier theme park in Taif, offering unforgettable family adventures amidst stunning mountain scenery.

3.9

King Abdullah Park

Experience the natural beauty and tranquility of King Abdullah Park in Taif, a perfect retreat for relaxation and family fun amidst stunning landscapes.

4.4

حديقة الملك فهد

Experience the beauty of nature and relaxation at Al King Fahd Park, a premier tourist attraction in Taif, Saudi Arabia.

3.5

Best restaurants in Makkah

Top-rated picks

Best Restaurants

Browse the full guide

All Restaurants

Restaurant Kinda

Experience authentic meat dishes at Restaurant Kinda in Taif, where Egyptian flavors meet warm hospitality.

4.0

Bohoo - بووهو

Discover the best culinary experience at Bohoo - بووهو in Taif with delicious dishes and inviting ambiance.

4.4

Uncle Qassem Restaurant

Discover authentic Saudi Arabian flavors at Uncle Qassem Restaurant in Makkah - a culinary haven for every traveler.

4.3

Gurkan Şef Steakhouse

Savor exquisite steaks and luxurious dining at Gurkan Şef Steakhouse in Makkah – a must-visit for all food enthusiasts.

4.2

Best bars in Makkah

Top-rated picks

Best Bars

Browse the full guide

All Bars

Makkah Clock Royal Tower A Fairmont Hotel

Discover unparalleled luxury and breathtaking views at Makkah Clock Royal Tower, a premier destination for travelers near the sacred Kaaba.

4.6

Green Mountain Resort

Discover adventure and relaxation at Green Mountain Resort, a premier theme park in Taif, Saudi Arabia, offering thrilling rides and breathtaking scenery.

3.9

Alfursan Lounge

Experience unparalleled comfort and luxury at the Alfursan Lounge in Jeddah's King Abdulaziz International Airport, perfect for relaxation or productivity.

4.2

Voi restaurant | مطعم فوي

Experience luxury dining at Voi Restaurant in Makkah, where exquisite flavors meet a sophisticated ambiance for an unforgettable culinary journey.

4.6

Best nightclubs in Makkah

Top-rated picks

Best Nightclubs

Browse the full guide

All Nightclubs

Ajoya Lounge

Experience the serene ambiance and delightful offerings at Ajoya Lounge, a perfect retreat for travelers in Taif.

4.4

صالة الامجاد : بلياردو و بلايستيشن و فرفيره

Experience the ultimate fun at صالة الامجاد, a premier billiard club in Makkah offering gaming, relaxation, and great times with friends.

3.9

ممشي العوالي

Immerse yourself in the vibrant nightlife of ممشي العوالي in Makkah, where music, dance, and culture come alive.

4.4

مقهى وكافي روقان

Discover the ultimate night club experience at مقهى وكافي روقان in Taif, where good vibes and great drinks await every visitor.

3.8

Best shops in Makkah

Top-rated picks

Best Shops

Browse the full guide

All Shops

Red Sea Mall

Discover the Red Sea Mall in Jeddah: A premier shopping destination with a blend of international brands, local shops, and diverse dining options.

4.5

Cenomi Mall of Arabia

Explore the vibrant Cenomi Mall of Arabia in Jeddah, a shopping haven with an array of stores, dining options, and entertainment for all ages.

4.4

Al Hijaz Mall

Discover the vibrant Al Hijaz Mall in Makkah, where shopping, dining, and entertainment come together for an unforgettable experience.

4.1

Family International Complex

Discover shopping, dining, and family entertainment at the Family International Complex in Makkah, a vibrant hub for tourists and locals alike.

4.1

Explore Makkah on the Map

A handpicked selection of must-see spots in Makkah, mapped for you.

Makkah Essentials

Makkah is served by King Abdulaziz International Airport (JED) in Jeddah, which is approximately 100 kilometers away. From the airport, you can take a taxi, private transfer, or bus to Makkah. During the Hajj season, special shuttle services are available for pilgrims. Non-Muslims are not permitted to enter Makkah, so ensure you have the necessary documentation and permissions if you plan to visit.
In Makkah, transportation options include taxis, ride-hailing services like Uber and Careem, and public buses. The Haramain High-Speed Railway connects Makkah to Jeddah and Madinah, offering a fast and comfortable travel option. For getting around within the city, taxis and ride-hailing services are the most convenient. Walking is also a viable option for shorter distances, especially around the Grand Mosque area.
The official currency in Saudi Arabia is the Saudi Riyal (SAR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops. ATMs are plentiful, but it's advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments and street vendors. Currency exchange services are available at the airport, banks, and major shopping areas.
Makkah is generally safe for tourists, but it's important to stay vigilant. Petty crimes like pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas, especially around the Grand Mosque. Avoid isolated areas at night and keep your belongings secure. Always follow local laws and regulations, as the penalties for violations can be severe.
In case of emergency, dial 911 for police assistance, 997 for medical emergencies, and 998 for fire emergencies. Makkah has several hospitals and medical centers that can provide emergency care. It's advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Pharmacies are available for minor health issues, and many staff members speak English.
Fashion: Do dress modestly. Men and women should wear loose-fitting clothing that covers the arms and legs. Women are required to wear an abaya in public. Religion: Do show respect for Islamic customs. Non-Muslims are not allowed in the holy areas of Makkah. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Avoid eating and drinking on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with 'As-Salamu Alaikum' (Peace be upon you). Handshakes are common among men but avoid physical contact with women. Eating & Drinking: Do try local cuisine and accept food offerings graciously. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in public during the daylight hours of Ramadan.
To experience Makkah like a local, visit the local markets (souks) such as Souk Al-Hijaz, where you can buy traditional goods and souvenirs. Engage with locals, who are often welcoming and willing to share insights about their culture and history. For a unique experience, visit the Makkah Museum to learn about the city's rich heritage. If you are a Muslim, try to participate in the Umrah pilgrimage for a deeply spiritual experience.

When is the best time to visit Makkah?

With Eve

Useful Local Phrases for Makkah

You don't need to speak the language perfectly. Even learning a few simple words can make conversations warmer—and locals usually appreciate the effort.

— Eve

6 phrase groups English + pronunciation

Here are the phrases I use most often in Makkah. Try a few—you'll be surprised how far they go! 😊
❤️

- Helloمرحبا
  [Marhaban]
- Goodbyeمع السلامة
  [Ma'a as-salama]
- Yesنعم
  [Na'am]
- Noلا
  [La]
- Please/You’re welcomeتفضل/عفوا
  [Tafaddal/Afwan]
- Thank youشكرا
  [Shukran]
- Excuse me/Sorryعفوا/آسف
  [Afwan/Asif]
- How are you?كيف حالك؟
  [Kayfa halak?]
- Fine. And you?بخير. وأنت؟
  [Bikhair. Wa anta?]
- Do you speak English?هل تتحدث الإنجليزية؟
  [Hal tatahaddath al-ingliziya?]
- I don't understandلا أفهم
  [La afham]
- I’d like to see the menu, pleaseأرغب في رؤية القائمة، من فضلك
  [Arghab fi ru'yat al-qaimah, min fadlik]
- I don't eat meatلا آكل اللحم
  [La akul al-lahm]
- Cheers!في صحتك!
  [Fi sihtak!]
- I would like to pay, pleaseأود أن أدفع، من فضلك
  [Awad an adfa', min fadlik]
- Help!نجدة!
  [Najdah!]
- Go away!ابتعد!
  [Ibt'id!]
- Call the Police!اتصل بالشرطة!
  [Ittasil bil-shurtah!]
- Call a doctor!اتصل بالطبيب!
  [Ittasil bil-tabeeb!]
- I’m lostأنا ضائع
  [Ana dae']
- I’m illأنا مريض
  [Ana mareed]
- I’d like to buy...أرغب في شراء...
  [Arghab fi shira'a...]
- I’m just lookingأنا فقط أنظر
  [Ana faqat anzur]
- How much is it?كم سعره؟
  [Kam si'ru?]
- That’s too expensiveهذا غالي جدا
  [Hatha ghaly jidan]
- Can you lower the price?هل يمكنك خفض السعر؟
  [Hal yumkinuka khafdh as-si'r?]
- What time is it?كم الساعة؟
  [Kam as-saa'a?]
- It’s one o'clockالساعة الواحدة
  [As-saa'a al-wahidah]
- Half past (10)نصف (10)
  [Nisf (10)]
- Morningصباحا
  [Sabahan]
- Afternoonظهرا
  [Zuhran]
- Eveningمساءً
  [Masa'an]
- Yesterdayأمس
  [Ams]
- Todayاليوم
  [Al-yawm]
- Tomorrowغدا
  [Ghadan]
- 1واحد
  [Wahid]
- 2اثنان
  [Ithnan]
- 3ثلاثة
  [Thalatha]
- 4أربعة
  [Arba'a]
- 5خمسة
  [Khamsa]
- 6ستة
  [Sitta]
- 7سبعة
  [Sab'a]
- 8ثمانية
  [Thamaniya]
- 9تسعة
  [Tis'a]
- 10عشرة
  [Ashara]
- Where's a/the...?أين يوجد...؟
  [Ayna yujad...?]
- What’s the address?ما هو العنوان؟
  [Ma huwa al-unwan?]
- Can you show me (on the map)?هل يمكنك أن تريني (على الخريطة)؟
  [Hal yumkinuka an turini (ala al-kharitah)?]
- When's the next (bus)?متى يأتي (الباص) التالي؟
  [Mata yati (al-bus) at-tali?]
- A ticket (to ....)تذكرة (إلى ....)
  [Tadhkirah (ila ....)]

History of Makkah

Makkah, known as the holiest city in Islam, was established as a settlement by the descendants of Ishmael, the son of Abraham. According to Islamic tradition, Abraham and Ishmael built the Kaaba, the sacred structure at the heart of the Masjid al-Haram, around 2000 BCE. The Kaaba became a focal point for the tribes of Arabia, serving as a pilgrimage site long before the advent of Islam.
In 570 CE, the Prophet Muhammad was born in Makkah. His birthplace, the Bani Hashim neighborhood, is one of the most significant sites in Islamic history. Muhammad's early life was marked by both hardship and spiritual experiences, which eventually led to the revelations that would form the Quran, the holy book of Islam.
In 610 CE, while meditating in the Cave of Hira on the Mountain of Light (Jabal al-Nour), Prophet Muhammad received the first revelation from Allah through the Angel Gabriel. This event marked the beginning of the Islamic faith, with Makkah becoming its spiritual and geographical heart.
Facing persecution from the Quraysh tribe, Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrated from Makkah to Medina in 622 CE. This migration, known as the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Despite leaving Makkah, the city remained central to Islam, with Muslims directed to face the Kaaba during their prayers.
In 630 CE, Prophet Muhammad returned to Makkah with an army of 10,000 followers. The city was conquered with minimal bloodshed, and its inhabitants embraced Islam. The idols within the Kaaba were destroyed, and the structure was rededicated to the worship of Allah alone. This event solidified Makkah's status as the holiest city in Islam.
During the Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258 CE), Makkah continued to be a major religious center. The Abbasids undertook various projects to expand and beautify the Masjid al-Haram. The city also became a hub for Islamic scholarship and culture, attracting pilgrims and scholars from across the Muslim world.
From the 16th century until World War I, Makkah was under Ottoman control. The Ottomans invested significantly in the city's infrastructure, including the construction of new roads, wells, and renovations to the Masjid al-Haram. They also established a complex system of administration to manage the annual Hajj pilgrimage.
In 1924, Makkah was incorporated into the newly established Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Saudi government has overseen extensive modernization and expansion projects in the city, particularly in the Masjid al-Haram to accommodate the growing number of pilgrims. Makkah has transformed into a bustling metropolis while maintaining its religious significance.
Today, Makkah is a city that seamlessly blends its rich historical legacy with modern advancements. The annual Hajj pilgrimage continues to draw millions of Muslims from around the world. The city is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and infrastructure, including the Abraj Al Bait Towers, which offer luxury accommodations and shopping experiences for pilgrims.