Oviedo: The Heart of Asturias

• HelloHola
  [oh-lah]
• GoodbyeAdiós
  [ah-dee-ohs]
• YesSí
  [see]
• NoNo
  [noh]
• Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
  [por fah-vor/deh nah-dah]
• Thank youGracias
  [grah-thyahs]
• Excuse me/SorryPerdón/Lo siento
  [pair-dohn/loh see-en-toh]
• How are you?¿Cómo estás?
  [koh-moh ehs-tahs]
• Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
  [byen. ee too]
• Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
  [ah-blahs een-glays]
• I don't understandNo entiendo
  [noh ehn-tee-ehn-doh]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver la carta, por favor
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah behr lah kahr-tah, por fah-vor]
• I don't eat meatNo como carne
  [noh koh-moh kahr-neh]
• Cheers!¡Salud!
  [sah-lood]
• I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah pah-gahr, por fah-vor]

• Help!¡Ayuda!
  [ah-yoo-dah]
• Go away!¡Vete!
  [veh-teh]
• Call the Police!¡Llama a la Policía!
  [yah-mah ah lah poh-lee-see-ah]
• Call a doctor!¡Llama a un médico!
  [yah-mah ah oon meh-dee-koh]
• I'm lostEstoy perdido
  [ehs-toy pair-dee-doh]
• I'm illEstoy enfermo
  [ehs-toy ehn-fehr-moh]

• I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah kohm-prahr]
• I'm just lookingSolo estoy mirando
  [soh-loh ehs-toy mee-rahn-doh]
• How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
  [kwan-toh kwehs-tah]
• That's too expensiveEs demasiado caro
  [ehs deh-mah-see-ah-doh kah-roh]
• Can you lower the price?¿Puedes bajar el precio?
  [pweh-dehs bah-hahr ehl pree-syoh]

• What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
  [keh oh-rah ehs]
• It's one o'clockEs la una
  [ehs lah oo-nah]
• Half past (10)Y media
  [ee meh-dee-ah]
• MorningMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• AfternoonTarde
  [tahr-deh]
• EveningNoche
  [noh-cheh]
• YesterdayAyer
  [ah-yehr]
• TodayHoy
  [oy]
• TomorrowMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• 1Uno
  [oo-noh]
• 2Dos
  [dohs]
• 3Tres
  [trehs]
• 4Cuatro
  [kwah-troh]
• 5Cinco
  [theen-koh]
• 6Seis
  [says]
• 7Siete
  [syeh-teh]
• 8Ocho
  [oh-choh]
• 9Nueve
  [nweh-veh]
• 10Diez
  [dyehth]

• Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está...?
  [dohn-deh ehs-tah]
• What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
  [kwahl ehs lah dee-rehk-syohn]
• Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes mostrarme (en el mapa)?
  [pweh-dehs mohs-trar-meh (ehn ehl mah-pah)]
• When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
  [kwan-doh ehs ehl proh-kssee-moh (ow-toh-boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un billete (a ...)
  [oon bee-yeh-teh (ah)]

Oviedo was founded in 761 AD by monks Máximo and Fromestano. They established a monastic settlement on the hill of Oveto, which eventually grew into the city known today. The strategic location and the religious significance of the settlement helped it flourish in the early medieval period.

In the early 9th century, Oviedo gained prominence as the capital of the Kingdom of Asturias under King Alfonso II. He constructed many significant buildings, including the first version of the Cathedral of San Salvador. During his reign, Oviedo became a crucial point of resistance against Moorish invaders and a center of Christian pilgrimage.

Oviedo holds a special place in the history of the Camino de Santiago, the famous pilgrimage route to the shrine of the apostle Saint James in Santiago de Compostela. Pilgrims would often start their journey in Oviedo, visiting the Cámara Santa in the Cathedral of San Salvador, which houses important Christian relics.

Throughout the Reconquista, Oviedo served as a significant stronghold for Christian forces reclaiming territory from Moorish control. The city's strategic location and fortified structures allowed it to play a vital role in the Christian reclamation efforts during the medieval period.

The University of Oviedo was founded in 1608 by Archbishop Fernando de Valdés Salas. It has since become a center of learning and cultural development in the region, contributing significantly to the intellectual and cultural life of the city.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Oviedo underwent significant industrialization and modernization. The city expanded with new infrastructure, including railways and factories, which transformed it into a modern urban center while retaining its historical charm.

Oviedo played a crucial role during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). The city was besieged by Republican forces, leading to significant destruction and hardship. However, it was eventually held by Nationalist forces, marking a pivotal moment in the war's northern campaign.

Oviedo is renowned for its rich cultural heritage and vibrant festivals. Key events include the Fiestas de San Mateo in September and the Día de América en Asturias, which celebrate the region's culture and history. These festivals showcase traditional music, dance, and local cuisine, enriching the city's cultural tapestry.

Oviedo is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Cámara Santa in the Cathedral of San Salvador and the pre-Romanesque churches of Santa María del Naranco and San Miguel de Lillo. These sites are celebrated for their historical significance and architectural beauty, attracting visitors from around the world.

Oviedo is served by Asturias Airport (OVD), located about 47 kilometers from the city center. The airport has flights connecting to major Spanish cities like Madrid and Barcelona, as well as some international destinations. From the airport, you can take a bus, taxi, or rent a car to reach Oviedo. Alternatively, Oviedo is well-connected by train and bus services from other major cities in Spain, such as Madrid, Barcelona, and Bilbao.

Oviedo has a reliable public transportation system, including buses that cover the entire city and its outskirts. The main bus station is located near the city center, making it convenient for travelers. Taxis are also readily available and can be hailed on the street or booked via phone or apps. For a more flexible option, consider renting a car, especially if you plan to explore the surrounding countryside.

The official currency in Spain is the Euro (EUR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops in Oviedo. ATMs are plentiful throughout the city, so withdrawing cash is easy. However, it's always a good idea to carry some cash for small establishments or in case of emergencies.

Oviedo is generally a very safe city for tourists. However, as with any destination, it's important to remain vigilant. Petty crimes like pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas, so keep an eye on your belongings. Avoid poorly lit or isolated areas at night. There are no specific high-crime neighborhoods targeting tourists, but staying alert will help ensure a safe visit.

In case of emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance, which connects you to the police, fire department, and medical services. Oviedo has several hospitals and medical centers, including the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA). Pharmacies are also available throughout the city for minor health issues. It's advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies.

Fashion: Do dress smart-casual when dining out or visiting cultural sites. Avoid overly casual or beachwear in the city center. Religion: Do respect local customs, especially when visiting churches. Dress modestly and be quiet. Public Transport: Do give up your seat for elderly passengers and avoid eating or drinking on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a 'buenos días' or 'buenas tardes' and a handshake. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes like 'fabada asturiana' and 'sidra' (cider). Don't pour your own cider; let the waiter do it as part of the experience.

To experience Oviedo like a local, visit the Mercado El Fontán for fresh produce and local delicacies. Take a stroll through the historic old town and explore the many sidrerías (cider houses) where you can enjoy the traditional Asturian cider. Don't miss the chance to hike up Monte Naranco for stunning views of the city and to see the pre-Romanesque churches of Santa María del Naranco and San Miguel de Lillo, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites.