Travel Guide to San Salvador Island

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On October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus made his historic landfall on San Salvador Island, marking the beginning of European exploration in the Americas. Known then as Guanahani by the indigenous Lucayan people, the island was the first land Columbus sighted and explored in the New World. This event is commemorated with a cross and a monument at Long Bay, believed to be the exact landing site.

Before European contact, San Salvador Island was inhabited by the Lucayan Indians, a branch of the Taino people. They were skilled farmers, fishermen, and navigators who lived in harmony with their environment. Archaeological sites across the island, such as the Pigeon Creek site, provide insights into their way of life and culture prior to their tragic decline due to diseases and enslavement following European arrival.

During the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the waters around San Salvador Island were frequented by pirates and privateers. The island's strategic location made it a useful hideout and staging point for attacks on Spanish galleons laden with treasure. Legends and lore about hidden pirate treasures still capture the imagination of visitors today.

In the late 18th century, following the American Revolution, British Loyalists fled to the Bahamas, including San Salvador Island. They established plantations and brought enslaved Africans to work the land. Although the plantations eventually declined, the cultural and architectural influences of the Loyalist period are still evident in some of the island's buildings and local customs.

During World War II, San Salvador Island played a strategic role as a base for anti-submarine warfare. The United States established a naval air station on the island to protect the Atlantic shipping lanes from German U-boats. The remnants of these wartime installations, including a runway and bunkers, can still be explored by history enthusiasts.

In the latter half of the 20th century, San Salvador Island transitioned towards tourism as its primary economic activity. The island's pristine beaches, clear waters, and rich history have made it a popular destination for divers, historians, and vacationers. Resorts, museums, and guided tours offer immersive experiences that highlight the island's unique cultural heritage and natural beauty.

San Salvador Island can be reached by air and sea. The most common way is to fly into San Salvador International Airport (ZSA), which receives regular flights from Nassau, the capital of The Bahamas, as well as from other islands and international destinations. From Nassau, the flight typically takes around 1 hour. Alternatively, private yachts and charter boats can dock at various marinas around the island, but always check local maritime regulations before setting sail.

Once on the island, transportation options include rental cars, taxis, and bicycles. Rental cars are available at the airport and in major towns, providing the flexibility to explore at your own pace. Taxis can be found at the airport and major hotels but may need to be arranged in advance for longer trips or tours. Bicycles offer a leisurely way to explore the island's scenic routes and are available for rent in several locations.

The official currency is the Bahamian Dollar (BSD), which is pegged to the US Dollar (USD) at a 1:1 rate, meaning both currencies are accepted interchangeably. Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger shops, but it is advisable to carry some cash for smaller purchases and in more remote areas. ATMs are available, but it’s a good idea to withdraw sufficient cash before traveling to more secluded parts of the island.

San Salvador Island is generally safe for tourists, with low crime rates. However, standard travel precautions should be taken. Avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas and be cautious with your belongings in crowded places. There are no specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, but it’s always best to stay vigilant and aware of your surroundings.

In case of emergency, dial 911 for immediate assistance. Medical facilities are available on the island, including a small hospital and clinics. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, pharmacies are available where you can purchase over-the-counter medications. Always keep a list of emergency contact numbers, including your country's embassy or consulate.

Fashion: Do dress comfortably and modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions, particularly when visiting churches. Public Transport: Do be patient and respectful when using local taxis or shuttle services. Greetings: Do greet locals with a friendly 'hello' or 'good day'. A handshake is also common. Eating & Drinking: Do try local Bahamian dishes and accept food offerings graciously. Don’t refuse hospitality, as it can be considered impolite.

To experience San Salvador Island like a local, visit the local markets where you can buy fresh produce and traditional Bahamian goods. Engage with locals, who are often friendly and willing to share stories about the island's history and culture. Don’t miss visiting historical sites such as the Dixon Hill Lighthouse and the various monuments commemorating Christopher Columbus’s landing. For a unique experience, join a local fishing trip or explore the island’s beautiful coral reefs through snorkeling or diving.