Ross Fountain: Edinburgh’s Cast-Iron Masterpiece in Princes Street Gardens

A Gift from France to Edinburgh

The Ross Fountain was originally produced at the Antoine Durenne iron foundry in Sommevoire, France, and showcased at the Great Exhibition of 1862 in London. Scottish gunsmith Daniel Ross was captivated by its intricate design and promptly purchased it for £2,000, gifting it to Edinburgh. The fountain was shipped in 122 pieces to Leith in 1869, but installation was delayed due to Victorian-era objections to its semi-nude figures. Eventually, in 1872, it was erected in West Princes Street Gardens, directly beneath the imposing Edinburgh Castle, becoming a prominent city landmark.

Artistic and Symbolic Features

Designed by sculptor Jean-Baptiste Jules Klagmann, the fountain is a prime example of French Beaux Arts craftsmanship. It features elaborate cast-iron figures including mermaids, cherubs, lions, and walruses. Four prominent female statues represent the muses of science, arts, poetry, and industry. The fountain’s ornate decoration and symbolic elements blend artistry with Victorian-era grandeur, making it a unique cultural artifact in Edinburgh’s urban landscape.

Controversy and Cultural Context

Upon its arrival, the fountain sparked controversy, particularly from the minister of St Cuthbert’s Church nearby, who found the exposed female forms inappropriate for the area’s solemn atmosphere. Despite initial resistance, the fountain remained in place and gradually became embraced as an iconic feature of Princes Street Gardens, often photographed with Edinburgh Castle in the background.

Restoration and Preservation Efforts

Over time, exposure to weather and vandalism caused deterioration. A major restoration was undertaken in 2017-2018 by Lost Art Limited, involving complete disassembly, repair, and repainting of all 122 components. The fountain was restored to a historically accurate color scheme of turquoise, brown, and gold, reflecting its original 1860s appearance. Modern plumbing and pumping systems were installed to ensure the fountain’s water features operate continuously, preserving its functional and aesthetic appeal for future generations.

Setting and Visitor Experience

Situated in the heart of Edinburgh’s Princes Street Gardens, the Ross Fountain offers visitors a picturesque spot for photography and relaxation. Its proximity to Edinburgh Castle provides a dramatic backdrop, while the gardens themselves are dotted with other monuments and scenic views. The fountain’s lively colors and flowing water create a vibrant contrast to the historic stone surroundings, inviting visitors to linger and appreciate this blend of art, history, and urban nature.

Legacy and Cultural Significance

The Ross Fountain stands as a testament to cross-cultural artistic exchange and Victorian philanthropy. Though initially controversial, it has become an enduring symbol of Edinburgh’s rich heritage and aesthetic diversity. Its restoration underscores the city’s commitment to preserving historical landmarks, ensuring that the fountain continues to enchant locals and tourists alike with its beauty and story.