Rügen Island: Germany's Coastal Gem

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  [moin]
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Rügen Island has a rich history that dates back to the early Slavic tribes known as the Rugii. These tribes settled on the island around the 9th century and established fortified settlements, known as 'burgwalls.' The remnants of these early fortifications can still be found in various locations on the island, such as the Jaromarsburg on Cape Arkona. The Slavic influence is evident in local archaeological finds, including pottery and tools.

In the 12th century, the island came under Danish control after a series of military campaigns led by King Valdemar I. It remained under Danish rule until the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658, when it was ceded to Sweden. The island eventually became part of Prussia in 1815 following the Treaty of Vienna. This period saw the construction of many of Rügen's historic churches, such as St. Mary's Church in Bergen, which showcases the transition from Romanesque to Gothic architecture.

From 1648 until 1815, Rügen was part of Swedish Pomerania. During this time, the island experienced significant cultural and economic changes. Swedish administration brought new agricultural techniques and reformed local governance. The town of Stralsund, though located on the mainland, served as the administrative center and had a considerable influence on Rügen's development. The island's architecture from this period includes several manor houses and estates that reflect Swedish baroque styles.

Rügen played a strategic role during the Napoleonic Wars. The island was occupied by French troops in 1807 as part of Napoleon's campaign against Prussia. The occupation led to significant hardship for the local population, including requisitioning of resources and forced conscription. The French garrison constructed fortifications, some of which can still be seen today. After Napoleon's defeat, the island was returned to Prussian control.

The Romantic movement of the 19th century brought Rügen into the cultural spotlight, largely through the works of the painter Caspar David Friedrich. His iconic landscapes, such as 'Chalk Cliffs on Rügen,' captured the island's dramatic natural beauty and inspired a wave of tourism. Friedrich's work emphasized the island's rugged coastlines, dense forests, and serene lakes, making it a popular destination for artists and nature enthusiasts alike.

During World War II, Rügen was the site of one of the Third Reich's most ambitious projects: the Prora complex. Designed as a massive seaside resort for the 'Strength Through Joy' (Kraft durch Freude) program, it was intended to provide leisure activities for German workers. However, the outbreak of the war halted construction, and the complex was never fully completed. After the war, Prora was used by the Soviet and East German military. Today, it stands as a monumental relic of the era and has been partially repurposed for modern use.

After World War II, Rügen became part of East Germany. The island's economy struggled under the communist regime, but it remained a popular holiday destination for East Germans. The fall of the Berlin Wall and German reunification in 1990 brought significant changes. Investment in infrastructure and tourism revitalized the island, leading to the restoration of historic sites and the development of new attractions. Today, Rügen is a thriving tourist destination that offers a blend of natural beauty and rich history.

Rugen Island is located in the Baltic Sea and is part of the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in Germany. The nearest major airport is Rostock-Laage Airport, which is approximately 150 kilometers away. From the airport, you can rent a car or take a train to Stralsund, where you can cross the Rugen Bridge or take the Rugen Causeway to the island. Alternatively, you can take a direct train from Berlin to Sassnitz or Binz on Rugen Island, which takes about 3 to 4 hours.

Once on Rugen Island, you can use various modes of transportation. The island has a well-connected public transport system, including buses and regional trains. Renting a bicycle or car is also a popular option for exploring the island at your own pace. Taxis are available but can be expensive. During the summer months, ferries operate between different parts of the island and to the mainland.

The official currency in Germany is the Euro (EUR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in most hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it's advisable to carry some cash, especially for smaller establishments and local markets. ATMs are readily available throughout the island, and major banks have branches in towns like Binz and Sassnitz.

Rugen Island is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, standard precautions should be taken to ensure your safety. Avoid leaving your belongings unattended and be cautious in crowded areas. There are no specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, but it's always best to stay vigilant. The island's rural areas are very safe, and violent crime is rare.

In case of emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. This number connects you to police, fire, and medical services. Major towns on the island have medical facilities and pharmacies where you can obtain over-the-counter medications. It's advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For non-urgent medical issues, local clinics and pharmacies are available.

Fashion: Do dress comfortably and appropriately for the weather. In summer, casual wear is fine, but bring a light jacket for cooler evenings. Religion: Respect local customs and traditions. If visiting churches, dress modestly and keep noise to a minimum. Public Transport: Be respectful and offer your seat to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: A handshake is the common form of greeting. A friendly 'Guten Tag' (Good Day) is appreciated. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies like 'Rugen Fish' and 'Sanddorn' products. Don’t forget to say 'Prost' (Cheers) when clinking glasses.

To experience Rugen Island like a local, visit the local farmers' markets where you can buy fresh produce and regional specialties. Take a leisurely walk or bike ride along the many scenic trails. Engage with locals, who are often friendly and willing to share insider tips about the best spots on the island. Don't miss visiting the chalk cliffs of Jasmund National Park and the historical seaside resort of Binz.