Umm Qais: Where History and Nature Converge

• Helloمرحبا
  [marhaba]
• Goodbyeوداعا
  [wadaa'an]
• Yesنعم
  [naam]
• Noلا
  [la]
• Please/You're welcomeمن فضلك/على الرحب والسعة
  [min fadlik/ala alrahb wasi'ah]
• Thank youشكرا
  [shukran]
• Excuse me/Sorryعذرا
  [udhran]
• How are you?كيف حالك؟
  [kayf halik?]
• Fine. And you?بخير. وأنت؟
  [bikhayr. wa'ant?]
• Do you speak English?هل تتحدث الإنجليزية؟
  [hal tatahadath al'iinjilizia?]
• I don't understandلا أفهم
  [la afham]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseأريد أن أرى القائمة، من فضلك
  [uridu an ara alqaimah, min fadlik]
• I don't eat meatأنا لا آكل اللحوم
  [ana la aakul alluhum]
• Cheers!صحتين!
  [sahatin!]
• I would like to pay, pleaseأريد أن أدفع، من فضلك
  [uridu an adfa', min fadlik]

• Help!النجدة!
  [alnajdah!]
• Go away!انصرف!
  [ansarif!]
• Call the Police!اتصل بالشرطة!
  [iatisil bialshurta!]
• Call a doctor!اتصل بطبيب!
  [iatisil batabib!]
• I'm lostأنا ضائع
  [ana daie]
• I'm illأنا مريض
  [ana mareed]

• I'd like to buy...أريد أن أشتري...
  [uridu an ashtari...]
• I'm just lookingأنا فقط أتطلع
  [ana faqat atatlau]
• How much is it?كم هو ثمنه؟
  [kam huwa thamanuh?]
• That's too expensiveهذا غالي جدا
  [hatha ghali jiddan]
• Can you lower the price?هل يمكنك تخفيض السعر؟
  [hal yumkinuka takhfid alsu'ir?]

• What time is it?كم الساعة؟
  [kam alsaa'ah?]
• It's one o'clockالساعة الواحدة
  [alsaa'ah alwahidah]
• Half past (10)الساعة العاشرة والنصف
  [alsaa'ah al'ashirah walnusf]
• Morningالصباح
  [alsaabah]
• Afternoonالظهر
  [aldhuhur]
• Eveningالمساء
  [almasa']
• Yesterdayأمس
  [ams]
• Todayاليوم
  [alyawm]
• Tomorrowغدا
  [ghadan]
• 1واحد
  [wahed]
• 2اثنان
  [ithnan]
• 3ثلاثة
  [thalatha]
• 4أربعة
  [arba'ah]
• 5خمسة
  [khamsah]
• 6ستة
  [sittah]
• 7سبعة
  [sab'ah]
• 8ثمانية
  [thamania]
• 9تسعة
  [tis'ah]
• 10عشرة
  [asharah]

• Where's a/the...?أين...
  [ayna...]
• What's the address?ما هو العنوان؟
  [ma huwa al'ainan?]
• Can you show me (on the map)?هل يمكنك أن تريني (على الخريطة)؟
  [hal yumkinuka an tureeni (ala alkhareetah)?]
• When's the next (bus)?متى يكون الحافلة التالية؟
  [mata yakun alhafilah altaliyah?]
• A ticket (to ....)تذكرة (إلى ....)
  [tazkirah (ila ....)]

Umm Qais, known in ancient times as Gadara, was founded in the 3rd century BCE by the Greeks. It quickly became a prominent city in the Decapolis, a group of ten cities on the eastern frontier of the Roman Empire that had a high degree of autonomy. Gadara was renowned for its Hellenistic culture, schools of philosophy, and stunning architecture.

Under Roman rule, Gadara thrived as a cultural and intellectual hub. The city was adorned with grand theaters, colonnaded streets, and elaborate bathhouses. The Roman road system connected Gadara to other significant cities, facilitating trade and cultural exchange. The city's position on a strategic hilltop provided stunning views over the Sea of Galilee, contributing to its appeal.

During the Byzantine period, Gadara became a significant center for Christianity. Several churches were built, and the city continued to prosper. The Byzantine influence is evident in the remnants of beautiful mosaics and religious structures found throughout the site. The transition from a pagan to a predominantly Christian city marked a significant cultural shift.

With the advent of Islamic rule in the 7th century, Gadara, now known as Umm Qais, saw new architectural styles and cultural influences. The city continued to be inhabited, and its strategic location ensured it remained an important site. Islamic architecture, including mosques and fortifications, began to appear, blending with the existing Greco-Roman and Byzantine elements.

In the 19th century, Umm Qais was absorbed into the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans built new structures and used the ancient ruins for their purposes. The modern village of Umm Qais began to develop around the ancient site, integrating historical remnants into contemporary life. Today, the site is a testament to the myriad cultures and empires that have left their mark on this historically rich city.

Umm Qais is located in northern Jordan, close to the borders with Israel and Syria. The nearest airport is Queen Alia International Airport in Amman, approximately 110 kilometers away. From Amman, you can rent a car or take a taxi to Umm Qais, which typically takes around 2 hours by road. Alternatively, there are buses and shared minibuses (service taxis) from Amman's North Bus Station to Irbid, and from Irbid, you can take a taxi to Umm Qais.

Within Umm Qais, the best way to explore is on foot, especially the archaeological site and the local village. For visiting surrounding areas, taxis are available and can be hired for a few hours or the whole day. Public buses and minibuses connect Umm Qais to nearby towns like Irbid and Ajloun. Renting a car is also a convenient option if you plan to explore northern Jordan extensively.

The official currency in Jordan is the Jordanian Dinar (JOD). Credit cards are accepted in larger hotels and some restaurants, but it is advisable to carry cash, especially for smaller establishments and local markets. There are a few ATMs in Umm Qais, but it's wise to withdraw sufficient cash beforehand, either in Amman or Irbid.

Umm Qais is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, like any travel destination, it is advisable to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night in secluded areas and keep an eye on your belongings in crowded places. Petty crimes like pickpocketing are rare but can occur, especially in busy tourist spots. Always be aware of your surroundings.

In case of emergency, dial 911 for immediate assistance. There are local police and medical facilities in Umm Qais. For serious medical issues, Irbid has larger hospitals. It's recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, there are pharmacies in the village where you can purchase over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Remove your shoes when entering mosques. Public Transport: Do be respectful and offer your seat to elderly passengers. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake or a nod. Use the right hand for handshakes and giving or receiving items. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don't refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Umm Qais like a local, visit the local souq (market) where you can buy fresh produce and traditional Jordanian goods. Engage with locals, as they are often friendly and willing to share stories about the village's history and culture. Try the local cuisine, including dishes like mansaf and maqluba. Don't miss the sunset view from the ancient ruins, offering breathtaking views of the Sea of Galilee and the Golan Heights.