The Enchanting Wilderness of Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve

• Helloمرحبا
  [marhaba]
• Goodbyeوداعا
  [wadaan]
• Yesنعم
  [naam]
• Noلا
  [laa]
• Please/You're welcomeمن فضلك
  [min fadlik]
• Thank youشكراً
  [shukran]
• Excuse me/Sorryعذراً
  [aathirann]
• How are you?كيف حالك؟
  [kayf halak?]
• Fine. And you?بخير. وأنت؟
  [bikhayr. wa ant?]
• Do you speak English?هل تتحدث الإنجليزية؟
  [hal tatahadath alinjlezia?]
• I don't understandلا أفهم
  [la afham]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseأريد أن أرى القائمة، من فضلك
  [urid an ara alqaimah, min fadlik]
• I don't eat meatأنا لا آكل اللحوم
  [ana la aakol allahum]
• Cheers!صحتين!
  [sahhtayn]
• I would like to pay, pleaseأريد أن أدفع، من فضلك
  [urid an adfaa, min fadlik]

• Help!النجدة!
  [alnajdah!]
• Go away!ارحل!
  [arhal!]
• Call the Police!اتصل بالشرطة!
  [atassil bialshurta!]
• Call a doctor!اتصل بالطبيب!
  [atassil bialtabib!]
• I'm lostلقد ضللت الطريق
  [laqad dalalt altariq]
• I'm illأنا مريض
  [ana mareed]

• I'd like to buy...أريد شراء...
  [urid shiraa...]
• I'm just lookingأنا فقط أتفرج
  [ana faqat atfarij]
• How much is it?بكم هذا؟
  [bikam hatha?]
• That's too expensiveهذا غالي جدا
  [hatha ghali jiddan]
• Can you lower the price?هل يمكنك خفض السعر؟
  [hal yumkinuk khafd alsar?]

• What time is it?كم الساعة؟
  [kam alsaaah?]
• It's one o'clockالساعة الواحدة
  [alsaaah alwahidah]
• Half past (10)الساعة العاشرة والنصف
  [alsaaah alashirah walnisf]
• Morningالصباح
  [alsabah]
• Afternoonالمساء
  [almasaa]
• Eveningالمساء
  [almasaa]
• Yesterdayالبارحة
  [albariha]
• Todayاليوم
  [alyawm]
• Tomorrowغداً
  [ghadan]
• 1واحد
  [wahid]
• 2اثنان
  [ithnan]
• 3ثلاثة
  [thalathah]
• 4أربعة
  [arbaah]
• 5خمسة
  [khamsah]
• 6ستة
  [sittah]
• 7سبعة
  [sabah]
• 8ثمانية
  [thamaniah]
• 9تسعة
  [tisah]
• 10عشرة
  [asharah]

• Where's a/the...?أين ...؟
  [ayn ...?]
• What's the address?ما هو العنوان؟
  [ma huwa al'anaan?]
• Can you show me (on the map)?هل يمكنك أن تريني (على الخريطة)؟
  [hal yumkinuk an tarini (ala alkharitah)?]
• When's the next (bus)?متى يأتي الحافلة القادمة؟
  [mata yaati alhafilah alqadimah?]
• A ticket (to ....)تذكرة (إلى ...)
  [tadhkirah (ila ...)]

The Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve, nestled in the northern mountains of Lebanon, is a testament to the land's ancient heritage. The region has been inhabited since antiquity, with evidence of human presence dating back to the Phoenician era. These early settlers revered the lush forests and diverse flora and fauna, considering them sacred and vital for their survival.

During the Ottoman period, the region encompassing Horsh Ehden was part of the expansive Ottoman Empire. The local inhabitants, primarily Maronite Christians, maintained their distinct cultural identity and agricultural practices. The dense forests provided timber for building and were home to a variety of wildlife, which contributed to the sustenance of the local communities.

Following World War I, Lebanon came under French Mandate. This period saw significant socio-political changes, including efforts to modernize the country. The French administration recognized the ecological importance of Horsh Ehden and initiated early conservation efforts, laying the groundwork for future preservation policies.

In 1992, recognizing the environmental and cultural significance of the area, the Lebanese government officially designated Horsh Ehden as a nature reserve. This move aimed to protect its unique biodiversity, including endemic plant species and rare animals, while promoting sustainable tourism and environmental education.

Horsh Ehden is renowned for its ecological diversity, hosting a multitude of endemic species. The reserve features various habitats, from dense cedar forests to open grasslands, supporting wildlife like the endangered Eastern Imperial Eagle and the Lebanese Cedar, a symbol of Lebanon's natural heritage. Conservation efforts have been pivotal in maintaining this biodiversity.

The reserve is not only a natural haven but also a cultural treasure. Local traditions, such as the annual harvest festivals and religious ceremonies, reflect the deep connection between the people and their environment. These cultural practices have been preserved and celebrated, adding to the rich tapestry of Horsh Ehden's history.

In recent years, various NGOs, alongside the Lebanese government, have intensified their conservation efforts. Programs focusing on reforestation, wildlife protection, and community engagement have been implemented. These initiatives aim to ensure the long-term sustainability of the reserve, balancing ecological preservation with the needs of local communities.

Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve is located in the northern part of Lebanon, near the town of Ehden. The nearest international airport is Beirut-Rafic Hariri International Airport, approximately 110 kilometers away. From Beirut, you can rent a car or take a taxi to Ehden, which is about a 2-hour drive. Alternatively, you can use public buses that operate from Beirut to Tripoli and then take a taxi from Tripoli to Ehden.

While in Ehden, you can use local taxis to get to the entrance of Horsh Ehden Nature Reserve. For those who prefer walking, the reserve is accessible on foot from the town center. Renting a car is also a convenient option, as it provides flexibility to explore the surrounding areas at your own pace. There are no public transport options directly into the reserve, so plan accordingly.

The official currency in Lebanon is the Lebanese Pound (LBP), although US Dollars (USD) are widely accepted. Credit cards are accepted in most hotels and restaurants in Ehden, but it is advisable to carry cash for smaller establishments and for entrance fees at the reserve. ATMs are available in Ehden for withdrawing cash.

Horsh Ehden and the surrounding areas are generally safe for tourists. However, it is always wise to take standard precautions such as not leaving valuables unattended and avoiding isolated areas at night. There are no specific high-crime areas targeting tourists in Ehden, but staying vigilant and aware of your surroundings is recommended.

In case of emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. The local police station and medical facilities are available in Ehden. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, there are pharmacies in the town where you can purchase over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially if visiting religious sites nearby. Avoid overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake. A slight bow of the head is also a sign of respect. Eating & Drinking: Do try local delicacies and accept food offerings graciously. Don't refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Horsh Ehden like a local, visit the reserve early in the morning when it's less crowded and the wildlife is most active. Engage with the local guides, as they are knowledgeable and can provide valuable insights into the flora and fauna of the reserve. Don't miss tasting local Ehdeni food, especially the 'Kebbeh' and 'Sfiha' dishes, and consider visiting during the summer festivals for a unique cultural experience.