Earl's Bu and Round Church, Orphir: A Norse Earl's Estate in Orkney
Explore the unique 12th-century Norse estate with Scotland’s only medieval round church, steeped in Viking saga and history.
Discover the evocative ruins of the Earl's Bu and the unique Round Church at Orphir, Orkney. This historic Norse estate, linked to Earl Haakon Paulsson, features the only surviving medieval round church in Scotland, inspired by the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Explore remains of a high-status residence and church complex overlooking Scapa Flow, revealing tales of Viking feasts, Norse power, and medieval ecclesiastical architecture.
A brief summary to Earls Bu & Church : Orphir
- 1 Gyre Rd, Orkney, Orphir, KW17 2RD, GB
- Visit website
- Duration: 0.5 to 2 hours
- Budget
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Outdoor
- Mobile reception: 4 out of 5
Local tips
- Visit the nearby Orphir Community Council visitor centre for detailed exhibits and context about the site.
- Wear sturdy shoes as the terrain around the ruins can be uneven and grassy.
- Combine your visit with a walk along the St Magnus Way pilgrimage route for a broader historical experience.
- Bring a camera to capture the scenic views of Orphir Bay and the atmospheric ruins.
For the on-the-go comforts that matter to you
- Restrooms
- Information Boards
- Visitor Center
- Seating Areas
- Trash Bins
Getting There
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Bus
Take the local bus service from Kirkwall to Orphir, which runs several times daily. The journey takes approximately 25-35 minutes. From the bus stop, a 10-minute walk over uneven terrain leads to the site. Tickets cost around £3-5 GBP.
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Car
Driving from Kirkwall to Orphir takes about 15-20 minutes via the A965 and local roads. Parking is available near the visitor centre but is limited, so early arrival is recommended. There is no parking fee.
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Walking
For active travelers, a 5 km walk from Kirkwall to Orphir takes about 1.5 hours along rural roads and paths. The terrain includes some slopes and grassy areas, so good footwear is advised.
Earls Bu & Church : Orphir location weather suitability
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Any Weather
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Clear Skies
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Mild Temperatures
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Rain / Wet Weather
Discover more about Earls Bu & Church : Orphir
A Norse Earl’s Residence Rooted in Saga and History
The Earl's Bu at Orphir was the home of powerful Norse Earls in the 12th century, notably Earl Haakon Paulsson. Its story is immortalized in the Orkneyinga Saga, which describes grand Yule feasts held here, a hallmark of Norse elite culture used to reward loyalty and assert power. The estate included a large drinking hall and a magnificent church, forming a complex that was both a political and social hub. Positioned on a hillside overlooking Orphir Bay and the strategic Scapa Flow anchorage, the site’s location underscores its importance in medieval Orkney.The Remarkable Round Church Dedicated to St Nicholas
The Round Church, built in the 12th century, stands out as one of only two medieval round churches in Scotland and the only surviving example of its kind. Likely inspired by the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, which Earl Haakon visited on pilgrimage, the church’s circular design and thick stone walls (1.2 meters thick) evoke a strong architectural statement. Dedicated to St Nicholas, a saint associated with royalty and high status, the church symbolized the Earl’s elite status and connection to wider Christian traditions. Today, only parts of the semi-circular apse and nave remain, surrounded by later gravestones.Archaeological Insights and Unanswered Mysteries
Despite its significance, the Earl’s Bu and Round Church have never been fully excavated, leaving much to the imagination. Excavations in the early 20th century uncovered artefacts such as a runic stone, an antler bone case, and human burials, hinting at the site’s rich Norse heritage. The foundations of the drinking hall remain visible, though the exact layout and size of this building are still debated. Archaeological studies suggest the estate was a centre of consumption with evidence of elite feasting, including remains of pigeons, chickens, and haddock, reflecting the high status of its occupants.The Estate’s Place in Orkney’s Norse Heritage
The Earl’s Bu and Round Church form a key part of Orkney’s Norse legacy, cared for by Historic Environment Scotland and supported by the local Orphir Community Council. The site’s connection to the Orkneyinga Saga and its architectural uniqueness make it a vital link to understanding Norse power structures and religious practices in medieval Scotland. It also lies on the St Magnus Way pilgrimage route, connecting visitors to broader spiritual and historical journeys in Orkney.Setting and Atmosphere of the Ruins Today
Visitors to the site experience a tranquil and scenic environment with views across Orphir Bay and Scapa Flow. The ruins, though modest in scale, evoke a sense of mystery and grandeur from a bygone era. The surrounding landscape enhances the feeling of stepping back into Norse times, inviting reflection on the lives and ceremonies of the Earls who once ruled here. The visitor centre nearby provides informative context, enriching the experience with historical narratives and archaeological findings.Continuing the Story of Orphir’s Norse Estate
While much remains to be uncovered about the Earl’s Bu, ongoing research and community engagement continue to shed light on this enigmatic site. Its combination of saga heritage, unique architecture, and archaeological intrigue ensures the Earl’s Bu and Round Church remain compelling destinations for those interested in Viking history, medieval architecture, and Orkney’s cultural landscape.Iconic landmarks you can’t miss
The Cannon
9.1 km
Historic cannon from an American privateer, set against the stunning backdrop of Stromness harbour’s maritime heritage.
First Nations And Orcadian Totem Pole
15.2 km
A striking wooden monument in Orkney symbolizing friendship and shared heritage between First Nations and Orcadian cultures.
Churchill Barriers
15.3 km
Historic WWII causeways in Orkney that safeguarded Scapa Flow and now link islands with a rich legacy of resilience and culture.
John O'Groats Signpost
31.3 km
Britain's most iconic signpost marks the legendary endpoint of the 874-mile Land's End to John o' Groats journey.
Above and Beyond Tours
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Discover the breathtaking landscapes of Caithness with Above and Beyond Tours, where adventure meets local expertise in Scotland's stunning north.
Castlehill Heritage Centre
38.4 km
Discover the captivating history and culture of Castletown at the Castlehill Heritage Centre, a unique museum in the heart of the Scottish Highlands.
Dunnet Links: St. Coomb Chapel (6th century, former site))
38.5 km
Discover the ancient ruins of St. Coomb Chapel, a 6th-century site near Castletown that reveals Scotland’s early Christian heritage.
Bucholie Castle
38.9 km
Discover the rich history and stunning views of Bucholie Castle, an enchanting historical landmark in Nybster, near Wick, Scotland.
Harold’s Tower
40.4 km
Discover the charm and history of Harold's Tower in Thurso, a stunning heritage site offering breathtaking views and rich cultural significance.
Caithness Broch Centre
40.8 km
Explore the ancient Iron Age at the Caithness Broch Centre, a unique attraction that unveils the mysteries of Scotland's historic broch structures.
Nybster Broch
41.4 km
Discover the enchanting Nybster Broch, an ancient Iron Age site in Scotland offering a unique glimpse into Pictish history amidst stunning coastal vistas.
Caithness Agricultural Society
41.6 km
Experience the rich agricultural heritage of Caithness at the Caithness Agricultural Society, a vibrant hub for farming enthusiasts and tourists.
Old St Peter’s Church, Thurso
41.7 km
Discover the architectural splendor and rich history of Old St Peter’s Church, a must-visit historical landmark in Thurso, Scotland.
North Coast Visitor Centre
41.9 km
Discover the North Coast Visitor Centre in Thurso, a museum and café that showcases Scotland's stunning northern coastline and rich cultural heritage.
Old Keiss Castle
42.8 km
Perched on Caithness cliffs, Old Keiss Castle’s dramatic ruins tell the tale of Sinclair nobility and Scotland’s turbulent history.
Unmissable attractions to see
Orkneyinga Saga Centre
0.0 km
Explore Orkney’s Viking saga through immersive exhibits and historic ruins in the tranquil village of Orphir.
Sunken Fleet
4.5 km
A haunting cluster of wartime wrecks resting in the clear waters off Stromness, offering divers a powerful encounter with Orkney’s naval past.
Waulkmill Bay
5.2 km
Discover Waulkmill Bay, Orkney’s peaceful golden beach with stunning Scapa Flow views and a hidden coastal charm perfect for picnics and nature lovers.
Happy Valley
6.2 km
Discover Happy Valley, a hidden woodland garden oasis in Stenness, Orkney, where tranquil streams and peaceful paths invite quiet reflection.
Hoy High Lighthouse
6.9 km
Explore Hoy High Lighthouse, a historic gem in Orkney, where maritime history meets stunning coastal views and natural beauty.
Maeshowe Visitor Centre
7.7 km
Discover the ancient mysteries of Maeshowe, a 5,000-year-old Neolithic tomb famed for its winter solstice alignment and Viking runes in Orkney.
Mainland
8.3 km
Discover the Isle of Wight’s stunning landscapes, rich history, and vibrant coastal charm just off England’s south coast.
Maeshowe
8.5 km
Explore Maeshowe, a 5,000-year-old Neolithic tomb in Orkney, famed for its winter solstice light show and Viking runic carvings.
Standing Stones of Stenness
8.5 km
Explore the ancient Standing Stones of Stenness, a mystical Neolithic henge and one of the oldest stone circles in the British Isles, set amidst Orkney’s stunning landscapes.
Barnhouse Settlement
8.7 km
Explore the ancient Neolithic Barnhouse Settlement, a unique village near the Stones of Stenness revealing 5,000-year-old social and ritual life in Orkney.
Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn
8.8 km
Explore the mysterious 5,000-year-old Neolithic Cuween Hill Chambered Cairn, a dark, atmospheric burial site nestled on Orkney’s scenic hillside.
Unstan Chambered Cairn
8.9 km
Explore a unique 5,000-year-old Neolithic burial cairn blending ancient architectural styles and famed for its distinctive pottery in Orkney.
Ness of Brodgar
9.0 km
Explore the monumental Neolithic heart of Orkney, where ancient ceremonial grandeur and intricate artistry reveal 5,000 years of history.
Stromness Museum
9.2 km
Explore Orkney’s maritime past and natural wonders at Stromness Museum, a captivating cultural gem on the waterfront.
Ness Battery
9.3 km
Explore Ness Battery, a preserved World War coastal defense site in Stromness, revealing Orkney’s vital naval history and wartime stories.
Essential places to dine
The Hamnavoe Restaurant
9.3 km
A cozy, historic Stromness restaurant serving innovative seasonal dishes blending Orkney seafood with European and Asian flavors.
Adam's Place
9.3 km
Fresh local seafood and an acclaimed wine list await you at Adam's Place, a cozy culinary highlight on Stromness’s waterfront.
The Foveran
9.3 km
A family-run British restaurant with rooms offering exquisite local cuisine and stunning countryside views in Kirkwall, Orkney.
Julia's Cafe Bistro
9.3 km
Cozy cafe in Stromness offering freshly made rolls with vegetarian, vegan, and gluten-free options in a friendly, welcoming atmosphere.
Ferry Inn Stromness
9.3 km
A cozy, historic inn on Stromness harbour offering hearty local cuisine and warm hospitality just steps from the ferry terminal.
Emily’s
9.5 km
Charming and quirky café in Lyness offering homemade treats and warm hospitality near Stromness ferry terminal.
Leigh's Real Taste of Orkney
9.5 km
Discover Orkney’s finest takeaway flavors at Leigh's, where local produce meets generous portions and friendly service in Finstown.
Sakura Kitchen
12.8 km
Authentic Japanese takeaway in Kirkwall with weekly-changing menus and ceremonial matcha from Kyoto.
Happy Haddock
12.8 km
Classic Orkney fish and chips with friendly service and hearty portions in the heart of Kirkwall.
Empire Chinese Restaurant
12.9 km
A reliable, family-friendly Chinese restaurant in central Kirkwall, serving generous portions of classic dishes in a relaxed setting.
The Orkney Hotel
12.9 km
Historic charm meets cosy comfort and local hospitality in the heart of Kirkwall at The Orkney Hotel.
Lucano
12.9 km
Experience authentic Italian flavors and warm hospitality in the heart of Kirkwall at Lucano, a beloved local restaurant and pizzeria.
Busters Diner
13.2 km
A cozy American-style diner in Kirkwall serving hearty comfort food with British influences and local Orkney beers in a relaxed setting.
Bothy Bar
13.2 km
Experience the warmth of Bothy Bar in Kirkwall – where delicious food meets delightful drinks in a cozy atmosphere.
Twenty One
13.3 km
A vibrant Kirkwall hotspot serving unique tapas and expertly crafted cocktails in a stylish, welcoming setting.
Markets, malls and hidden boutiques
Heksmoar
6.8 km
A charming craft shop in Stromness showcasing handcrafted Orcadian textiles, ceramics, jewellery and art in a warm, welcoming space.
Vintage Paper Co
9.2 km
Discover handmade papers, artisanal bookbinding, and unique stationery in the heart of Stromness at Vintage Paper Co.
Waterfront Gallery
9.3 km
Discover authentic Orkney craftsmanship and local artistry at Waterfront Gallery, a cultural gem in the heart of Stromness.
Cream
9.3 km
Explore Cream in Stromness for unique gifts, local art, and a taste of Orkney's creativity.
Wild Heather Crafts
9.5 km
Discover authentic Orkney craftsmanship and handmade treasures at Wild Heather Crafts, a cozy artisan shop in Stromness.
St Colms Cafe & Crafts
12.5 km
A cozy Kirkwall café and crafts shop offering homemade treats and unique handcrafted garden furniture and cards.
Orkney Tweed
12.9 km
Discover authentic Orkney tweed craftsmanship in Kirkwall’s charming boutique, where tradition meets sustainable artisan quality.
Blue Joe's
13.0 km
Discover authentic Orkney crafts and unique souvenirs at Blue Joe's, Kirkwall’s charming gift shop full of local treasures and stories.
Judith Glue
13.0 km
Discover Kirkwall’s charming Aladdin’s Cave of local gifts, knitwear, and jewellery at Judith Glue, a beloved hub of Orcadian craftsmanship since 1976.
The Longship
13.1 km
Discover Orkney’s rich heritage through timeless jewellery, knitwear, and crafts at Kirkwall’s family-run Longship shop.
Aurora Jewellery
13.1 km
Discover exquisite hand-crafted jewellery inspired by Orkney’s heritage and landscapes at Aurora Jewellery in Kirkwall.
Starlings
13.1 km
Discover authentic Orcadian gifts and crafts at Starlings, a charming boutique shop in Kirkwall’s historic heart.
Logo Orkney
13.2 km
Explore Logo Orkney for unique clothing and authentic Orkney-themed souvenirs, perfect for capturing your travel memories.
Kairds
13.2 km
Discover unique gifts and local crafts that capture the spirit of Orkney at Kairds, Kirkwall’s beloved gift shop on Albert Street.
Poundstretcher
13.2 km
Discover unbeatable value and variety at Poundstretcher Kirkwall, your go-to discount store in the heart of Orkney’s town center.
Essential bars & hidden hideouts
The West End Guest House
12.8 km
A peaceful, centrally located guest house in Kirkwall offering simple comforts and easy access to Orkney’s historic heart.
Royal Cask Whisky Gin Bar
12.9 km
Discover Kirkwall’s historic Royal Cask Whisky Gin Bar, home to over 1,000 whiskies, 160 gins, and authentic Orcadian hospitality in a 350-year-old setting.
Auld Motor Hoose
13.1 km
A cozy Kirkwall pub blending automotive nostalgia with friendly service and local ales in a lively, welcoming atmosphere.
Ayre Hotel & Apartments
13.1 km
Comfortable harbor-side hotel with a lively bar, friendly staff, and easy access to Kirkwall’s historic center.
Oot The Back
13.1 km
Discover Kirkwall’s cozy outdoor garden bar with heated booths, local gins, and a relaxed atmosphere behind Orkney Distilling.
The Neuk
13.2 km
A warm and lively pub-restaurant in Kirkwall offering fresh local fare, historic charm, and a vibrant live music scene.
Highland Park Bar
13.3 km
A cozy Kirkwall bar serving an extensive range of Highland Park whiskies and local drinks in a warm, inviting atmosphere within the Kirkwall Hotel.
Skippers
13.3 km
Kirkwall’s vibrant sports bar serving local brews, hearty pub fare, and live games in a welcoming, dog-friendly atmosphere.
Torvhaug
13.3 km
A lively Kirkwall pub on Bridge Street, Torvhaug offers local whiskys, cozy vibes, and a vibrant atmosphere beloved by locals and visitors alike.
Robertsons Coffeehoose & Bar
15.8 km
A warm, family-run coffeehouse and bar in historic St Margaret's Hope, serving traditional fare, local drinks, and inclusive menus in a charming setting.
The Taversoe
24.0 km
A cozy 3-star inn on Rousay offering spacious rooms, local cuisine, and stunning sea views in a warm, welcoming atmosphere.
The Mey Hotel
32.1 km
Experience warm Highland hospitality, hearty Scottish fare, and cozy comfort at The Mey Hotel in scenic Thurso.
Dunnet Bay Escapes
35.3 km
Luxurious coastal retreat with stunning Dunnet Bay views, gourmet breakfasts, and serene hot tub relaxation in the heart of the Scottish Highlands.
Peerie Cafe
41.4 km
Experience delightful flavors and breathtaking views at Peerie Cafe, your cozy retreat by the Thurso harbor.
The Grove Lounge
42.0 km
A cozy and lively bar in Thurso offering hearty food, friendly service, and a welcoming atmosphere for locals and visitors alike.
Nightclubs & after hour spots
The Orkney Club
13.3 km
A welcoming social hub in Kirkwall offering lively evening entertainment and a friendly community atmosphere in the heart of Orkney.
Skinandi's Nightclub
42.2 km
Experience the vibrant nightlife at Skinandi's, the northernmost nightclub on Scotland’s mainland with two bars and two dance floors.
The Waterfront
53.4 km
Wick's vibrant nightlife heart with a lively dance floor, diverse music, and a welcoming atmosphere on the scenic Shore.
For the vibe & atmosphere seeker
- Tranquil
- Scenic
- Cultural Heritage
- Unique
For the design and aesthetic lover
- Rustic Designs
For the architecture buff
- Historic
- Landmarks
- Sacred Sites
For the view chaser and sunset hunter
- Iconic Views
- Panoramas
- Sunset Spots
For the social media creator & influencer
- Instagrammable
- Photo Spots
- Selfie Spots
For the eco-conscious traveler
- Protected Area
- Public-Transport Accessible
- Locally Managed
For the kind of experience you’re after
- Cultural Heritage
- Myth & Legends
- Day Trip
- Photowalk
- Weekend Getaway
For how adventurous you want the journey to be
- Easy Access
Location Audience
- Family Friendly
- Senior Friendly
- Child Friendly
- Solo Friendly
- Couple Friendly
- Vegetarian Friendly
- Vegan Friendly
