Valparaiso: The Jewel of the Pacific

• HelloHola
  [oh-lah]
• GoodbyeAdiós
  [ah-dee-ohs]
• YesSí
  [see]
• NoNo
  [noh]
• Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
  [por fah-vor/de nah-dah]
• Thank youGracias
  [grah-see-ahs]
• Excuse me/SorryPerdón
  [pair-dohn]
• How are you?¿Cómo estás?
  [koh-moh ehs-tahs]
• Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
  [bee-ehn. ee too]
• Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
  [ah-blahs een-glays]
• I don't understandNo entiendo
  [noh ehn-tyen-doh]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver el menú, por favor
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah ver el meh-noo, por fah-vor]
• I don't eat meatNo como carne
  [noh koh-moh kahr-neh]
• Cheers!¡Salud!
  [sah-lood]
• I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah pah-gar, por fah-vor]

• Help!¡Ayuda!
  [ah-yoo-dah]
• Go away!¡Vete!
  [veh-teh]
• Call the Police!¡Llama a la policía!
  [yah-mah ah lah poh-lee-see-ah]
• Call a doctor!¡Llama a un doctor!
  [yah-mah ah oon dohk-tohr]
• I'm lostEstoy perdido
  [eh-stoy pair-dee-doh]
• I'm illEstoy enfermo
  [eh-stoy ehn-fehr-moh]

• I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
  [meh goos-tah-ree-ah kohm-prar]
• I'm just lookingSolo estoy mirando
  [soh-loh ehs-toy mee-rahn-doh]
• How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
  [kwan-toh kwehs-tah]
• That's too expensiveEso es muy caro
  [eh-soh ehs mwee kahr-oh]
• Can you lower the price?¿Puedes bajar el precio?
  [pweh-dehs bah-har el pree-syo]

• What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
  [keh oh-rah ehs]
• It's one o'clockEs la una
  [ehs lah oo-nah]
• Half past (10)Las diez y media
  [lahs dyehs ee meh-dee-ah]
• MorningMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• AfternoonTarde
  [tahr-deh]
• EveningNoche
  [noh-cheh]
• YesterdayAyer
  [ah-yehr]
• TodayHoy
  [oy]
• TomorrowMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• 1Uno
  [oo-noh]
• 2Dos
  [dohs]
• 3Tres
  [trehs]
• 4Cuatro
  [kooah-troh]
• 5Cinco
  [seen-koh]
• 6Seis
  [says]
• 7Siete
  [syeh-teh]
• 8Ocho
  [oh-choh]
• 9Nueve
  [nweh-veh]
• 10Diez
  [dyehs]

• Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está...?
  [dohn-deh ehs-tah]
• What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
  [kwahl ehs lah dee-rehk-syon]
• Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes mostrarme (en el mapa)?
  [pweh-dehs mohs-trar-meh (ehn el mah-pah)]
• When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
  [kwan-doh ehs ehl proh-see-moh (ow-toh-boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un boleto (a ....)
  [oon boh-leh-toh (ah)]

Valparaíso, known to the indigenous Picunche people as 'Aliamapu' or 'Burned Land', was initially a small fishing village inhabited by the Changos and Picunches. These early settlers lived off the abundant marine resources of the Pacific Ocean, establishing a foundation for the city's maritime culture.

In 1536, Spanish conquistador Juan de Saavedra arrived and named the area Valparaíso after his hometown in Spain. During the colonial period, it served as a minor port for Santiago, overshadowed by the more prominent ports in Peru and Mexico. However, its strategic location soon made it a key stopover point for Spanish ships navigating between Europe and the Americas.

Following Chile's independence from Spain in 1818, Valparaíso blossomed into a bustling port city. It became a vital hub for international trade, attracting immigrants from Europe and North America. This influx of diverse cultures led to a cosmopolitan atmosphere that is still evident today.

The mid-19th century marked Valparaíso's 'Golden Age', as it became the principal port on the Pacific coast of South America. The opening of the California Gold Rush in 1848 and the construction of the Panama Canal in 1914 further boosted its economy. The city was renowned for its vibrant economy, modern infrastructure, and thriving cultural scene.

The early 20th century saw a decline in Valparaíso's prominence due to the opening of the Panama Canal, which shifted major shipping routes. Despite this, the city demonstrated resilience, adapting its economy and focusing on cultural and educational developments. Its unique architecture, funicular elevators, and colorful hillsides became key attractions.

In 2003, Valparaíso's historic quarter was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This recognition sparked a cultural renaissance, leading to the restoration of historic buildings and the promotion of arts and tourism. Today, Valparaíso is celebrated for its bohemian spirit, street art, and vibrant festivals, maintaining its status as a cultural beacon.

Valparaiso is located on the central coast of Chile, about 120 kilometers northwest of Santiago. The nearest major airport is Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport (SCL) in Santiago. From Santiago, you can take a bus directly to Valparaiso, which typically takes around 1.5 to 2 hours. Buses are frequent and depart from the Terminal Alameda and Terminal San Borja bus stations in Santiago. Alternatively, you can rent a car and drive, which offers the flexibility to explore more of the Chilean coast.

Valparaiso has an extensive public transportation system including buses, trolleybuses, and the Metro Valparaíso. The city's unique topography means that it also features funiculars (ascensores) to navigate its many hills. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber are readily available. Walking is one of the best ways to explore Valparaiso's colorful streets and murals, but be prepared for steep hills and stairs.

The official currency in Chile is the Chilean Peso (CLP). Credit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger stores, but it is advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments and markets. ATMs are available throughout Valparaiso, and most accept international cards. Currency exchange offices can also be found in the city.

While Valparaiso is generally safe for tourists, certain areas can have higher crime rates, particularly regarding petty theft and pickpocketing. Avoid neighborhoods such as the port area and some parts of the hills like Cerro Cordillera and Cerro Polanco after dark. Stick to well-lit, busy areas and keep an eye on your belongings, especially in crowded places like markets and public transport.

In case of an emergency, dial 133 for the police, 131 for an ambulance, and 132 for the fire department. Valparaiso has several hospitals and clinics where you can seek medical attention. It is recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, there are numerous pharmacies throughout the city.

Fashion: Do wear comfortable shoes for walking and navigating the hills. Avoid overly flashy clothing to minimize attention from pickpockets. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. When visiting churches, dress modestly and remain quiet. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake or a kiss on the cheek for closer acquaintances. A warm 'Hola' is always appreciated. Eating & Drinking: Do try local seafood and traditional dishes. Don't refuse food offerings, as it is considered impolite. Always leave a small tip in restaurants.

To experience Valparaiso like a local, take a ride on one of the historic ascensores and explore the vibrant street art scene. Visit the local markets such as Mercado Cardonal for fresh produce and seafood. Engage with locals in small cafes and bars, as they are often friendly and willing to share stories about the city's history and culture. Don't miss visiting the home of poet Pablo Neruda, La Sebastiana, which offers stunning views of the city and the sea.