Gjilan: The Heart of Eastern Kosovo

• HelloTungjatjeta
  [toon-jat-yet-a]
• GoodbyeMirupafshim
  [meer-oo-paf-sheem]
• YesPo
  [po]
• NoJo
  [yo]
• Please/You're welcomeJu lutem
  [yoo loo-tem]
• Thank youFaleminderit
  [fah-le-meen-deh-reet]
• Excuse me/SorryMë falni
  [muh fahl-nee]
• How are you?Si jeni?
  [see yeh-nee]
• Fine. And you?Mirë. Po ju?
  [mee-ruh. po yoo]
• Do you speak English?Flisni anglisht?
  [flees-nee ahn-gleesht]
• I don't understandNuk kuptoj
  [nook koop-toy]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseDo të doja të shikoja menunë, ju lutem
  [doh tuh doh-ya tuh shee-koh-ya meh-noo-nuh, yoo loo-tem]
• I don't eat meatNuk ha mish
  [nook hah meesh]
• Cheers!Shëndeti!
  [shun-deh-tee]
• I would like to pay, pleaseDo të doja të paguaja, ju lutem
  [doh tuh doh-ya tuh pah-goo-ah, yoo loo-tem]

• Help!Ndihmë!
  [ndee-muh]
• Go away!Shko!
  [shko]
• Call the Police!Thirrni policin!
  [theer-nee po-lee-tseen]
• Call a doctor!Thirrni një doktor!
  [theer-nee nyuh dohk-tor]
• I'm lostJam humbur
  [yahm hoom-boor]
• I'm illJam i sëmurë
  [yahm ee suh-moo-ruh]

• I'd like to buy...Do të doja të blenja...
  [doh tuh doh-ya tuh bleh-nya]
• I'm just lookingPo shikoj vetëm
  [po shee-koy vet-em]
• How much is it?Sa kushton?
  [sah koosh-ton]
• That's too expensiveKjo është shumë e shtrenjtë
  [kyo ehs-theh shoo-muh eh shtren-jteh]
• Can you lower the price?A mund të zbresni çmimin?
  [ah moond tuh zbres-nee chmee-meem]

• What time is it?Sa është ora?
  [sah ehs-theh oh-rah]
• It's one o'clockËshtë një ora
  [ehs-theh nyuh oh-rah]
• Half past (10)Në mes të dhjetës
  [nuh mehs tuh dh-yet-ehs]
• MorningMëngjes
  [muhn-jes]
• AfternoonPasdite
  [pahs-dee-teh]
• EveningMbrëmje
  [m-brehm-yeh]
• YesterdayDje
  [djeh]
• TodaySot
  [soht]
• TomorrowNesër
  [neh-ser]
• 1Një
  [nyuh]
• 2Dy
  [duh]
• 3Tre
  [treh]
• 4Katër
  [kah-ter]
• 5Pesë
  [peh-suh]
• 6Gjashtë
  [gyahs-hte]
• 7Shtatë
  [shta-tuh]
• 8Tetë
  [teh-tuh]
• 9Nëntë
  [nuhn-tuh]
• 10Dhjetë
  [dh-yet-eh]

• Where's a/the...?Ku është një/i...?
  [koo ehs-theh nyuh/ee]
• What's the address?Cila është adresa?
  [chee-lah ehs-theh ah-dreh-sah]
• Can you show me (on the map)?A mund të më tregoni (në hartë)?
  [ah moond tuh muh troh-goh-nee (nuh hahr-tuh)]
• When's the next (bus)?Kur është autobusi i ardhshëm?
  [koor ehs-theh ah-oo-toh-boo-see ee ahrds-huhm]
• A ticket (to ....)Një biletë (për ....)
  [nyuh bee-leh-teh (puhr)]

Gjilan, also known as Gnjilane, is believed to have been settled since the Illyrian and Roman periods. Archaeological findings suggest that it was an important settlement due to its strategic location in the Morava River valley, providing a crucial link between the Adriatic and the Aegean seas.

The town of Gjilan gained prominence during the Ottoman rule, starting from the 15th century. It became an administrative center in the Sanjak of Vushtrri and later in the Sanjak of Prizren. The Ottomans developed the town's infrastructure, including the construction of mosques, bazaars, and public baths, which contributed to its growth and importance in the region.

During the Great War (World War I), the Austro-Hungarian forces occupied Gjilan. This period was marked by significant economic and social changes, as the occupiers introduced their administrative and military structures. The local population experienced hardships due to the war and occupation, but this era also brought about modern developments in the town.

After World War I, Gjilan became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, later known as Yugoslavia. The interwar period saw Gjilan evolving as a regional commercial hub, with a diverse population that included Albanians, Serbs, Turks, and Roma. This diversity enriched the cultural tapestry of the town, influencing its architecture, cuisine, and social life.

World War II brought turmoil to Gjilan as it fell under Axis occupation. The town witnessed several battles and skirmishes between Axis forces and Yugoslav Partisans. Gjilan became a focal point for the resistance movement, and many locals joined the Partisans in their fight against fascist occupation. The post-war period saw significant social and political changes as Yugoslavia was reconstituted under socialist rule.

The late 20th century was a tumultuous time for Gjilan, as it was deeply affected by the Kosovo conflict of the 1990s. The town experienced significant ethnic tensions and violence, which culminated in the Kosovo War. Gjilan was one of the areas heavily impacted by the conflict, leading to displacement and suffering for many of its residents. The post-war period has been marked by efforts towards reconstruction and reconciliation.

Since the end of the Kosovo War in 1999, Gjilan has undergone substantial reconstruction and development. International aid and local efforts have revitalized the town's infrastructure, economy, and public services. Today, Gjilan is a vibrant town that blends its historical legacy with modern advancements. It serves as a cultural and economic center in eastern Kosovo, attracting visitors with its rich history and diverse cultural heritage.

Gjilan is located in the southeastern part of Kosovo. The nearest international airport is Pristina International Airport, approximately 50 kilometers away. From Pristina, you can take a bus or a taxi to Gjilan. Buses run frequently and the journey takes around 1 to 1.5 hours. Taxis are also available, but it is advisable to agree on a fare before starting the journey to avoid misunderstandings.

Within Gjilan, local buses and taxis are the primary means of transportation. The bus network is extensive and covers most parts of the city. Taxis are relatively inexpensive and can be hailed on the street or booked via phone. For a more flexible option, renting a car can be a convenient choice. Walking is also a viable option for exploring the city center, as many attractions are within close proximity.

The official currency in Kosovo is the Euro (EUR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger shops. However, it is advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments and markets. ATMs are readily available throughout Gjilan, and currency exchange services can be found in banks and exchange offices.

Gjilan is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, it is always wise to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas and keep an eye on your belongings in crowded places. While Gjilan does not have specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, staying vigilant and aware of your surroundings is recommended.

In case of an emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. The local police station and medical facilities are available in Gjilan. It is highly recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, there are numerous pharmacies in the city where you can purchase over-the-counter medications.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. When visiting mosques or churches, dress conservatively and remove your shoes when required. Public Transport: Do give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake. A friendly 'Mirëdita' (Good day) is appreciated. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes and accept food offerings graciously. Don’t refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Gjilan like a local, visit the vibrant local markets where you can buy fresh produce and traditional Kosovo goods. Engage with locals who are often friendly and willing to share stories about their city’s history and culture. Don’t miss the opportunity to explore the nearby Karadak Mountains, which offer excellent hiking trails and stunning views. Additionally, try to attend local events and festivals to immerse yourself in the local culture.