Bohemia, Czechia Travel Guide

Explore the enchanting landscapes, medieval towns, and vibrant cities of Bohemia, Czechia's heartland rich in history, culture, and natural beauty.

Bohemia, the western part of Czechia, is a region full of history, culture, and natural beauty. With its enchanting landscapes, medieval towns, and vibrant cities, it offers a rich tapestry of experiences for every traveler. The capital city, Prague, often called the 'City of a Hundred Spires,' is famous for its stunning architecture, lively cultural scene, and historic landmarks like Prague Castle and Charles Bridge. Beyond Prague, the region is dotted with picturesque villages, rolling hills, and lush forests, making it a paradise for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. One of Bohemia's most charming towns is Český Krumlov, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its well-preserved medieval core. Stroll through its narrow cobblestone streets, visit the impressive Český Krumlov Castle, and enjoy the view of the Vltava River winding through the town. Another must-visit is Karlovy Vary, a famous spa town where you can relax in thermal baths and explore elegant colonnades. The town also hosts the annual Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, attracting cinephiles from around the world. Bohemia is also home to some of Czechia's finest breweries. Beer lovers should not miss a visit to the Pilsner Urquell Brewery in Plzeň, where the world-famous Pilsner beer was first brewed. For those interested in history and architecture, the Gothic cathedrals, Baroque palaces, and Renaissance chateaux scattered throughout the region offer a window into Bohemia's storied past. Whether you're exploring historic sites, savoring local cuisine, or simply soaking in the scenic beauty, Bohemia promises an unforgettable journey.

From Eve

Know before you go

Hi, I'm Eve. Here are a few practical things to know before exploring Bohemia.

Visit Prague early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid crowds.
In Český Krumlov, take a guided tour of the castle for fascinating historical insights.
Try the local spa wafers and Becherovka liqueur in Karlovy Vary.
Book a brewery tour in advance at Pilsner Urquell Brewery for a comprehensive experience.
Use local trains and buses to explore smaller towns and villages for a more authentic experience.

Top City Travel Guides in Bohemia

The cities of Bohemia, and the easiest places to base yourself.

Prague

Brno

Karlovy Vary

Český Krumlov

Olomouc

Destinations in Bohemia

Resorts, valleys and scenic spots worth a trip of their own.

Krkonoše National Park

Šumava National Park

Pálava

Cesky Raj (Bohemian Paradise)

Český ráj

Explore Bohemia: Things to Do, Places to Eat, Hotels & More

Handpicked recommendations for top attractions, local dining, accommodations, and more

Top Attractions & Sightseeing in Bohemia

Top-rated picks

Best Attractions

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All Attractions

Prague Castle

Discover the majestic Prague Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and explore centuries of history, stunning architecture, and breathtaking city views.

4.7

Prague Astronomical Clock

Discover the magic of the Prague Astronomical Clock, a stunning medieval timepiece that showcases the beauty of astronomy and history.

4.7

Vyšehrad

Discover the enchanting Vyšehrad fortress in Prague, where history meets breathtaking views and lush gardens, perfect for a serene escape.

4.8

St Barbara's Cathedral

Discover the enchanting St. Barbara's Cathedral in Kutná Hora, an architectural wonder steeped in history and Gothic artistry.

4.8

Best landmarks in Bohemia

Top-rated picks

Best Landmarks

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All Landmarks

Prague Castle

Experience the grandeur of Prague Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage site, rich in history, stunning architecture, and breathtaking views of the city.

4.7

Charles Bridge

Discover the enchanting Charles Bridge in Prague, an iconic 14th-century landmark adorned with stunning statues and breathtaking views.

4.8

Old Town Square

Experience the enchanting allure of Old Town Square, a historical plaza in the heart of Prague known for its stunning architecture and vibrant atmosphere.

4.8

St. Vitus Cathedral

Discover the breathtaking Gothic architecture and rich history of St. Vitus Cathedral, a must-see landmark located in the heart of Prague Castle.

4.8

Best restaurants in Bohemia

Top-rated picks

Best Restaurants

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All Restaurants

Lokál Dlouhááá

Experience authentic Czech cuisine at Lokál Dlouhááá in Old Town Prague – where tradition meets flavor in every dish.

4.4

U Glaubiců

Discover U Glaubiců: A must-visit restaurant in Malá Strana offering authentic Czech cuisine in a charming setting.

4.6

Marina Ristorante

Discover the essence of Italy in Prague at Marina Ristorante, where authentic flavors meet breathtaking riverside views.

4.4

Kozlovna Apropos

Discover authentic Czech cuisine at Kozlovna Apropos in Old Town, where tradition meets flavor in every dish.

4.5

Best bars in Bohemia

Top-rated picks

Best Bars

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All Bars

U Fleků

Discover the rich flavors of Czech cuisine and beer at U Fleků, a historic brewery in the heart of Prague.

4.1

Vzorkovna Dog Bar

Discover Vzorkovna Dog Bar, a delightful spot in Old Town Prague where you can enjoy drinks in the company of adorable dogs and fellow dog lovers.

4.7

The Dubliner Irish Bar

Experience authentic Irish hospitality at The Dubliner Irish Bar in Old Town Prague, featuring traditional cuisine, live music, and a welcoming atmosphere.

4.5

Hemingway Bar

Discover the elegance of Hemingway Bar in Old Town Prague, where exquisite cocktails and a sophisticated ambiance await every visitor.

4.7

Best nightclubs in Bohemia

Top-rated picks

Best Nightclubs

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All Nightclubs

Duplex

Discover the electrifying nightlife at Duplex, Prague's premier night club offering stunning views and top-notch entertainment.

4.8

Karlovy Lazne - Nightclub

Discover Prague's largest nightclub, Karlovy Lazne, a lively venue blending history with modern nightlife in the heart of the city.

4.3

Chapeau Rouge

Experience the vibrant nightlife of Prague at Chapeau Rouge, a lively night club and bar in the heart of Old Town, perfect for dancing and socializing.

4.0

Epic Prague

Dive into the heart of Prague's nightlife at Epic Prague, where electrifying music and vibrant crowds create unforgettable nights.

4.0

Best shops in Bohemia

Top-rated picks

Best Shops

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All Shops

PALLADIUM

Explore PALLADIUM in Prague, a premier shopping mall with over 200 stores, diverse dining options, and family-friendly entertainment.

4.3

Westfield Chodov

Explore Westfield Chodov, Prague's premier shopping mall with over 250 stores, diverse dining options, and entertainment for all ages.

4.4

Nový Smíchov Shopping Centre

Explore the dynamic Nový Smíchov Shopping Centre in Prague, a shopping paradise with a mix of fashion, food, and entertainment for every traveler.

4.3

Havelské tržiště

Experience the heart of Prague at Havelské tržiště, where local flavors and artisanal crafts come alive in a historic market setting.

4.2

Explore Bohemia on the Map

A handpicked selection of must-see spots in Bohemia, mapped for you.

Bohemia Essentials

Bohemia is located in the western part of Czechia. The main international gateway to Bohemia is Václav Havel Airport in Prague, which is well-connected to major cities worldwide. From Prague, you can take trains, buses, or rent a car to explore Bohemia. The Czech railway network is extensive, and trains run frequently to various destinations within Bohemia such as Plzeň, České Budějovice, and Karlovy Vary.
Bohemia offers a variety of transportation options. The region is well-served by an efficient and affordable public transportation system, including trains, buses, and trams. Prague, the capital, has an extensive metro system. For intercity travel, trains are the most convenient, while buses cover areas not served by rail. Taxis and ride-sharing services like Uber are available in larger cities. Renting a car is also a viable option for exploring rural areas and smaller towns.
The official currency in Czechia is the Czech Koruna (CZK). Credit cards are widely accepted in cities, hotels, restaurants, and larger shops. However, it is advisable to carry some cash, especially when visiting smaller towns and rural areas. ATMs are readily available throughout Bohemia, and currency exchange services can be found in major cities and tourist areas.
Bohemia is generally a safe region for tourists. However, like any popular tourist destination, it is wise to take standard precautions. Be mindful of pickpockets in crowded areas, especially in Prague. Certain neighborhoods in larger cities, such as around the main train station in Prague, may have higher crime rates targeting tourists. Avoid walking alone at night in these areas and always be aware of your surroundings.
In case of emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance, which connects you to all emergency services. For medical emergencies, hospitals and clinics are available in all major towns and cities. It is recommended to carry travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Pharmacies are common, and many pharmacists speak English. For police assistance, you can visit local police stations or seek help from tourist police units available in major tourist areas.
Fashion: Do dress comfortably, but avoid overly casual attire in finer dining establishments and religious sites. Religion: Do respect local customs, especially when visiting churches and monasteries. Public Transport: Do validate your ticket before boarding trains, trams, or buses. Don't be noisy or disturb other passengers. Greetings: Do greet people with a firm handshake and maintain eye contact. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes and drinks like Pilsner beer. Don't leave a large tip; rounding up the bill or leaving 10% in restaurants is customary.
To experience Bohemia like a local, visit local markets where you can buy fresh produce, traditional crafts, and regional specialties. Engage with locals, as they are often friendly and eager to share recommendations. Take a leisurely walk through historic towns like Český Krumlov or Kutná Hora. Consider attending a local festival or cultural event to gain deeper insights into Bohemian traditions. Don't miss exploring the natural beauty of the Bohemian Forest and the scenic Vltava River.

When is the best time to visit Bohemia?

With Eve

Useful Local Phrases for Bohemia

You don't need to speak the language perfectly. Even learning a few simple words can make conversations warmer—and locals usually appreciate the effort.

— Eve

6 phrase groups English + pronunciation

Here are the phrases I use most often in Bohemia. Try a few—you'll be surprised how far they go! 😊
❤️

- HelloAhoj
  [ahoy]
- GoodbyeSbohem
  [sbohem]
- YesAno
  [ah-no]
- NoNe
  [neh]
- Please/You're welcomeProsím
  [pro-seem]
- Thank youDěkuji
  [dyeh-koo-yee]
- Excuse me/SorryOmlouvám se
  [om-loh-vahm seh]
- How are you?Jak se máš?
  [yak seh mahsh]
- Fine. And you?Dobře. A ty?
  [doh-bzheh. ah tee]
- Do you speak English?Mluvíš anglicky?
  [mloo-veesh ahn-glitskee]
- I don't understandNerozumím
  [neh-roh-zoo-meem]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseChtěl bych vidět menu, prosím
  [khtyel beekh veedyet meh-nu, pro-seem]
- I don't eat meatJím maso
  [yeem mah-so]
- Cheers!Na zdraví!
  [nah zdrah-vee]
- I would like to pay, pleaseChtěl bych zaplatit, prosím
  [khtyel beekh zah-pla-teet, pro-seem]
- Help!Pomoc!
  [poh-mots]
- Go away!Jdi pryč!
  [yee preech]
- Call the Police!Zavolejte policii!
  [zah-voh-lay-teh poh-li-tsee-ee]
- Call a doctor!Zavolejte doktora!
  [zah-voh-lay-teh dok-toh-rah]
- I'm lostJsem ztracený
  [ysem ztra-tsen-ee]
- I'm illJsem nemocný
  [ysem neh-mo-tsnee]
- I'd like to buy...Chtěl bych koupit...
  [khtyel beekh koh-peet...]
- I'm just lookingJen se dívám
  [yen seh dee-vahm]
- How much is it?Kolik to stojí?
  [koh-leek toh stoy-ee]
- That's too expensiveTo je příliš drahé
  [toh yeh pree-leesh drah-heh]
- Can you lower the price?Můžeš snížit cenu?
  [moo-zesh snee-zheet tseh-noo]
- What time is it?Kolik je hodin?
  [koh-leek yeh ho-din]
- It's one o'clockJe jedna hodina
  [yeh yed-nah ho-dee-nah]
- Half past (10)Půl (10)
  [pool (10)]
- MorningRáno
  [rah-no]
- AfternoonOdpoledne
  [od-poh-led-neh]
- EveningVečer
  [veh-cher]
- YesterdayVčera
  [v-cheh-rah]
- TodayDnes
  [dnes]
- TomorrowZítra
  [zee-trah]
- 11
  [1]
- 22
  [2]
- 33
  [3]
- 44
  [4]
- 55
  [5]
- 66
  [6]
- 77
  [7]
- 88
  [8]
- 99
  [9]
- 1010
  [10]
- Where's a/the...?Kde je...?
  [kde yeh...?]
- What's the address?Jaká je adresa?
  [yah-kah yeh ah-dreh-sah?]
- Can you show me (on the map)?Můžeš mi to ukázat (na mapě)?
  [moo-zesh mee toh oo-kah-zaht (nah mah-peh)?]
- When's the next (bus)?Kdy jede další (autobus)?
  [kdee yeh-deh dal-shee (ow-to-boos)?]
- A ticket (to ....)Jeden lístek (do ....)
  [yeh-den lees-tek (doh ....)]

History of Bohemia

Bohemia's recorded history dates back to the 9th century, when it became a duchy under the Great Moravian Empire. It later emerged as the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1198, a significant medieval power in Central Europe. The Přemyslid dynasty, which ruled during this period, established Prague as the kingdom's capital, turning it into a key cultural and economic center.
The reign of Charles IV in the 14th century is often referred to as the Golden Age of Bohemia. As King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV founded the Charles University in 1348, the first university in Central Europe, and commissioned the construction of landmarks such as the Charles Bridge and St. Vitus Cathedral. His efforts transformed Prague into one of Europe's most beautiful and influential cities.
The early 15th century saw Bohemia at the center of religious turmoil with the rise of Jan Hus, a reformer who criticized the Catholic Church. His execution in 1415 led to the Hussite Wars (1419-1434), a series of conflicts between Hussite forces and Catholic loyalists. These wars had a profound impact on Bohemia, both socially and politically, and laid the groundwork for future Protestant movements.
In 1526, the Habsburg dynasty ascended to the Bohemian throne, marking the beginning of a long period of Habsburg rule. A critical event during this era was the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, a decisive encounter during the Thirty Years' War. The defeat of the Bohemian Protestant nobility by the Habsburg forces led to severe repercussions, including the re-Catholicization of the region and loss of political autonomy.
The 19th century witnessed the Czech National Revival, a cultural movement aimed at reviving Czech language, culture, and national identity. This period saw the emergence of significant literary, musical, and artistic works that celebrated Czech heritage. Figures like Josef Jungmann and František Palacký played pivotal roles in promoting Czech literature and history, fostering a renewed sense of national pride.
Following World War I and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bohemia became part of the newly formed Czechoslovakia in 1918. The interwar period was marked by significant industrial growth and cultural development. After the split of Czechoslovakia in 1993, Bohemia became a key region of the Czech Republic, continuing to thrive as a cultural and economic hub.
Bohemia is renowned for its rich architectural heritage, from the medieval castles of Karlštejn and Český Krumlov to the Baroque splendor of Kroměříž and the modernist gems in Brno. The region also boasts a vibrant tradition of music, literature, and visual arts, with contributions from luminaries like Antonín Dvořák, Franz Kafka, and Alfons Mucha. This diverse cultural tapestry makes Bohemia a fascinating destination for history and art enthusiasts alike.