Highlands, Eritrea Travel Guide

Discover the Highlands of Eritrea: A magical blend of nature, history, and culture in the heart of the Horn of Africa.

Nestled in the heart of the Horn of Africa, the Highlands of Eritrea offer a mesmerizing blend of natural beauty and cultural richness. This region is characterized by its rolling hills, lush landscapes, and temperate climate, making it a perfect escape for nature lovers and adventurers alike. The Highlands are home to the capital city, Asmara, which is renowned for its well-preserved Italian colonial architecture and vibrant street life. Walking through the streets of Asmara feels like stepping back in time, with its charming cafes, art deco buildings, and picturesque boulevards. Beyond the city, the Highlands are dotted with quaint villages and terraced farms, where traditional ways of life have been preserved for centuries. The area is also rich in history, with ancient sites such as the ruins of Qohaito and the rock-hewn churches of Debre Bizen. These historical landmarks offer a glimpse into the region's past and are a testament to its enduring cultural heritage. Hiking and trekking enthusiasts will find plenty of trails that wind through the stunning landscapes, offering breathtaking views and opportunities to connect with the local communities. The Highlands of Eritrea are also known for their unique flora and fauna. The region's diverse ecosystems are home to a variety of plant and animal species, some of which are endemic to the area. Birdwatchers will be delighted by the abundance of bird species, including the striking Eritrean warbler. Whether you are exploring the vibrant city of Asmara or venturing into the serene countryside, the Highlands of Eritrea promise an unforgettable experience filled with natural beauty, cultural treasures, and warm hospitality.

From Eve

Know before you go

Hi, I'm Eve. Here are a few practical things to know before exploring Highlands.

Visit Asmara during the cooler months from October to March for the best weather.
Make sure to try the local coffee, often served in traditional coffee ceremonies.
Hire a local guide for hiking and historical site visits to gain deeper insights.
Respect local customs and dress modestly, especially in rural areas.
Carry cash, as ATMs can be scarce outside major cities.

Top City Travel Guides in Highlands

The cities of Highlands, and the easiest places to base yourself.

Asmara

Adi Keyh

Dekemhare

Adi Quala

Mendefera

Destinations in Highlands

Resorts, valleys and scenic spots worth a trip of their own.

Debub Region

Dahlak Archipelago

Explore Highlands: Things to Do, Places to Eat, Hotels & More

Handpicked recommendations for top attractions, local dining, accommodations, and more

Top Attractions & Sightseeing in Highlands

Top-rated picks

Best Attractions

Browse the full guide

All Attractions

Fiat Tagliero ፡ፍያት ታሌሮ

Discover the architectural beauty of Fiat Tagliero in Asmara, a modernist landmark steeped in history and cultural significance.

4.7

Tank Graveyard

Discover the Tank Graveyard in Asmara, a unique tourist attraction showcasing the remnants of Eritrea's historical military past among breathtaking landscapes.

4.1

Semenawi Bahri National Park

Explore the breathtaking landscapes and rich biodiversity of Semenawi Bahri National Park, a true natural wonder in Eritrea.

3.7

Manzanar Project

Experience the breathtaking beauty and tranquility of the Manzanar Project, a captivating nature preserve in Mitsiwa, Eritrea, perfect for nature lovers.

5.0

Best landmarks in Highlands

Top-rated picks

Best Landmarks

Browse the full guide

All Landmarks

Asmara Palace Hotel

Discover the luxurious Asmara Palace Hotel in Eritrea, where elegance meets comfort in the heart of the capital.

4.1

Fiat Tagliero ፡ፍያት ታሌሮ

Explore the architectural marvel of Fiat Tagliero, a historical landmark in Asmara, showcasing Eritrea's modernist heritage and rich cultural narrative.

4.7

ኣስመራ ካቴድራል | Cathedral Our Lady of the Rosary

Discover the architectural beauty and cultural significance of the Cathedral Our Lady of the Rosary in Asmara, Eritrea's iconic Catholic cathedral.

4.7

Khulafa al-Rashidun Mosque - ጃምዕ ኹለፋእ ኣልራሺዲን

Discover the Khulafa al-Rashidun Mosque in Asmara, a breathtaking architectural gem offering insight into Eritrea's rich Islamic heritage.

4.8

Best restaurants in Highlands

Top-rated picks

Best Restaurants

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All Restaurants

Ghibabo Restaurant And Pizzeria

Discover exquisite Eritrean-Italian cuisine at Ghibabo Restaurant And Pizzeria in Asmara – where every meal is a celebration of flavor.

4.8

Golden Fork Fast Food

Discover authentic Eritrean flavors at Golden Fork Fast Food in Asmara – where every bite tells a story.

3.9

Al Sicomoro Restaurant

Experience authentic Italian cuisine at Al Sicomoro Restaurant in Asmara - where every meal is a delightful journey through Italy's rich culinary heritage.

4.1

The Roof Garden

Discover exquisite dining at The Roof Garden in Asmara—where delicious cuisine meets stunning city views.

4.6

Best bars in Highlands

Top-rated picks

Best Bars

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All Bars

Ghibabo Restaurant And Pizzeria

Experience the flavors of Eritrea and Italy at Ghibabo Restaurant And Pizzeria in Asmara, where every meal is a celebration of culinary art.

4.8

Golden Fork Fast Food

Discover the delicious flavors of Eritrea at Golden Fork Fast Food, where traditional dishes meet a casual dining experience.

3.9

Bar Pasticceria Vittoria

Experience the delightful flavors of Asmara at Bar Pasticceria Vittoria, a café renowned for its exquisite pastries and inviting atmosphere.

4.9

Bar Royal

Discover the flavors of Eritrea at Bar Royal, a charming cafeteria in Asmara offering delightful local and international cuisine.

4.4

Best nightclubs in Highlands

Top-rated picks

Best Nightclubs

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Asmara Palace Hotel

Discover Comfort and Elegance at Asmara Palace Hotel - A Luxurious Retreat in the Heart of Eritrea's Capital.

4.1

Bar Jima

Experience the vibrant nightlife of Asmara at Bar Jima, a local bar offering a taste of Eritrean culture and delightful beverages.

4.1

Admas Restaurant & Bar

Experience the best of Eritrean and international cuisine at Admas Restaurant & Bar in Asmara, where vibrant nightlife meets delicious dining.

4.8

Disco Club

Experience the electrifying nightlife at Disco Club in Mitsiwa, where vibrant music and dancing create unforgettable memories.

5.0

Best shops in Highlands

Top-rated picks

Best Shops

Browse the full guide

All Shops

Fiat Tagliero ፡ፍያት ታሌሮ

Explore the architectural wonder of Fiat Tagliero, a striking symbol of Eritrea's modernist heritage and cultural history.

4.7

Khulafa al-Rashidun Mosque - ጃምዕ ኹለፋእ ኣልራሺዲን

Discover the spiritual and architectural beauty of Khulafa al-Rashidun Mosque, a must-visit gem in Asmara, Eritrea, reflecting rich Islamic heritage.

4.8

Asmara International Airport

Asmara International Airport: Your gateway to the captivating landscapes and rich culture of Eritrea awaits.

4.2

Eritrea Visit

Explore the wonders of Eritrea with Eritrea Visit, your trusted travel agency for tailored adventures and cultural experiences.

5.0

Explore Highlands on the Map

A handpicked selection of must-see spots in Highlands, mapped for you.

Highlands Essentials

To reach the Highlands in Eritrea, you will typically fly into Asmara International Airport, the main gateway to the country. From Asmara, you can take a domestic flight to smaller regional airports or travel by road. The highlands are well connected via a network of roads, and you can hire a private taxi or take a bus to reach various destinations within the region.
Within the Highlands, local transportation options include taxis, minibuses, and buses. Taxis are the most convenient, though they can be more expensive. Buses and minibuses are more affordable and provide a more authentic local experience. Road conditions can vary, so it's advisable to use a reliable and well-maintained vehicle if you opt for self-driving. Rental cars are available in Asmara, but ensure you have an international driving permit.
The official currency in Eritrea is the Eritrean Nakfa (ERN). Credit cards are not widely accepted, and it's advisable to carry cash for most transactions. ATMs are limited, especially outside major cities like Asmara, so it's wise to withdraw sufficient cash before traveling into the highlands. Exchange services are available at banks and some hotels.
The Highlands of Eritrea are generally safe for tourists. However, it is important to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night, keep your belongings secure, and be wary of pickpockets in crowded areas. Specific areas with higher crime rates targeting tourists are rare, but it's always best to remain vigilant. Consult local authorities or your hotel for any recent advisories.
In case of an emergency, dial 113 for police assistance or 114 for medical emergencies. It's highly recommended to have comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. Most towns and cities in the highlands have medical facilities, but for serious medical issues, you may need to be transported to Asmara. Pharmacies are available for minor health concerns.
Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Always ask for permission before taking photographs inside religious sites. Public Transport: Do be respectful and considerate of fellow passengers. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake and a smile. A slight bow of the head is also appreciated. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes and accept food offerings graciously. Don't refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.
To experience the Highlands like a local, visit the bustling markets where you can buy fresh produce and traditional Eritrean crafts. Engage with locals, as they are often welcoming and eager to share stories about their culture and history. Don't miss visiting historical sites such as the ancient city of Qohaito and the Debre Bizen Monastery. Taking part in local festivals and trying the traditional coffee ceremony can also provide a deeper insight into the local way of life.

When is the best time to visit Highlands?

With Eve

Useful Local Phrases for Highlands

You don't need to speak the language perfectly. Even learning a few simple words can make conversations warmer—and locals usually appreciate the effort.

— Eve

6 phrase groups English + pronunciation

Here are the phrases I use most often in Highlands. Try a few—you'll be surprised how far they go! 😊
❤️

- HelloSelam
  [seh-lahm]
- GoodbyeDehan ner
  [deh-hahn nehr]
- YesIwo
  [ee-woh]
- NoAyu
  [ah-yoo]
- Please/You're welcomeBzih
  [bzee]
- Thank youYekenyeley
  [yeh-ken-yeh-lee]
- Excuse me/SorryIshkha
  [eesh-khah]
- How are you?Kemey alek?
  [keh-mey ah-lek]
- Fine. And you?Bzih. Kemey alek?
  [bzee. keh-mey ah-lek]
- Do you speak English?Engelizi tikhon?
  [en-ge-liz-ee tee-khon]
- I don't understandAyu fiyel
  [ah-yoo fee-yel]
- I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMenyu zeyfeli, bzih
  [men-yoo zay-feh-lee, bzee]
- I don't eat meatAyu tsegur zeyfeli
  [ah-yoo tseh-goor zay-feh-lee]
- Cheers!Gibro!
  [gee-broh]
- I would like to pay, pleaseZeyfeli teru, bzih
  [zay-feh-lee teh-roo, bzee]
- Help!Yemay!
  [yeh-my]
- Go away!Gibra!
  [gee-brah]
- Call the Police!Polis zeyfeli!
  [po-lees zay-feh-lee]
- Call a doctor!Doktor zeyfeli!
  [dok-tor zay-feh-lee]
- I'm lostAyu t'k'ele
  [ah-yoo t'keh-leh]
- I'm illAyu q'lah
  [ah-yoo q-lah]
- I'd like to buy...Zeyfeli k’bri...
  [zay-feh-lee kuh-bree]
- I'm just lookingAyu k’bri zeyfeli
  [ah-yoo kuh-bree zay-feh-lee]
- How much is it?Kemey m'k'ele?
  [keh-mey m'keh-leh]
- That's too expensiveNeh zeyt'k'li
  [neh zay-t'klee]
- Can you lower the price?Yemey m'k'ele zeyt'kel?
  [yeh-meh m'keh-leh zay-t'kel]
- What time is it?Kemey zeyk'ele?
  [keh-mey zay-keh-leh]
- It's one o'clockZeyk'ele n'kol
  [zay-keh-leh n'kol]
- Half past (10)K’half (10)
  [k'hal-f (10)]
- MorningBeka
  [beh-kah]
- AfternoonN'k'k'ek
  [n'keh-keh]
- EveningGerm'ed
  [ger-mehd]
- YesterdayHagere
  [ha-ge-reh]
- TodayZeyt'k'ele
  [zay-t'keh-le]
- TomorrowB'k'ele
  [b'keh-leh]
- 1Hidri
  [hid-ree]
- 2K’bri
  [k'bee-ree]
- 3Selasi
  [seh-lah-see]
- 4Arba
  [ahr-bah]
- 5Hamsh
  [ham-sh]
- 6Seyfu
  [seh-y-foo]
- 7Seb’ta
  [seh-b'tah]
- 8Semanya
  [seh-mahn-yah]
- 9T'sh'a
  [t'sh-ah]
- 10Asir
  [ah-seer]
- Where's a/the...?K'eyfey...?
  [k'ey-feh]
- What's the address?Kemey address?
  [keh-mey a-dres]
- Can you show me (on the map)?Map'ka k'eyfey zeyfeli?
  [map-kah k'ey-feh zay-feh-lee]
- When's the next (bus)?K'eyfey zeyt'k'ele (bus)?
  [k'ey-feh zay-t'keh-leh (bus)]
- A ticket (to ....)Tiket (to ....)
  [tee-ket (to ....)]

History of Highlands

The Highlands of Eritrea were once part of the ancient Kingdom of Aksum, one of the great civilizations of the ancient world. Aksum was known for its monumental obelisks, written script, and as a major trading empire. The region's strategic location facilitated commerce between Africa, Arabia, and the Roman Empire.
During the medieval period, the Highlands experienced significant Islamic influence, particularly through trade and migration. The Dahlak Archipelago became an important center for Islamic learning and culture, impacting the highland regions. This period saw the introduction of new agricultural techniques and cultural practices that have left a lasting legacy.
In the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire extended its reach into the Eritrean Highlands. They established garrisons and controlled key trade routes, influencing the region's architecture and administration. Ottoman rule introduced new layers of cultural and economic complexity to the area.
Italy colonized Eritrea in 1890, marking the beginning of significant infrastructural development in the Highlands. The Italians built roads, railways, and urban centers, with Asmara becoming a showcase of modernist architecture. This period also saw the introduction of Western education and industrialization efforts.
One of the most pivotal battles in the East African Campaign of World War II took place in the Eritrean Highlands. The Battle of Keren, fought in 1941 between Allied forces and the Italian army, was a turning point in the region's history. The rugged terrain of the Highlands played a crucial role in the battle's strategic maneuvers.
The Highlands were a crucial battleground during the Eritrean War of Independence (1961-1991). The Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) used the region's difficult terrain to their advantage in guerrilla warfare against Ethiopian forces. The war's legacy is evident in the numerous memorials and historical sites scattered across the Highlands.
The Eritrean Highlands are rich in cultural heritage sites, including ancient churches, monasteries, and traditional villages. Notable sites include the Debre Bizen Monastery, one of the oldest in the country, and the rock-hewn churches of Abrha We Atsbeha. These sites offer a glimpse into the region's religious and cultural evolution over the centuries.