St Anne's Churchyard: A Historic Sanctuary in Soho, London

Origins and Historical Significance of St Anne's Churchyard

St Anne's Churchyard is the former burial ground of St Anne's Church, Soho, which was consecrated in 1686 by Bishop Henry Compton, after whom Old Compton Street is named. The original church was designed by William Talman, a protégé of Sir Christopher Wren, and was notable for its grand basilica layout with galleries on three sides. The churchyard was closed to burials around the 1850s due to overcrowding and unsanitary practices, including the illegal selling of coffins by a sexton. It is estimated that up to 60,000 bodies remain buried beneath the raised ground, including the ashes of literary figure Dorothy L. Sayers and the essayist William Hazlitt, making it a site of profound historical depth.[1][3][4]

The Evolution from Sacred Ground to Urban Garden

In 1894, the churchyard was leased to the City of Westminster and transformed into a public garden, known today as St Anne's Gardens. This change preserved the space as a green refuge amidst the bustling Soho district. Over the years, the church itself suffered damage during the Blitz of World War II, with only the tower and clock surviving. The community's dedication led to the rebuilding and reimagining of the church and its grounds, reflecting a blend of heritage conservation and urban renewal.[1][3][4]

Architectural and Cultural Legacy

The surviving tower of St Anne’s Church, rebuilt in the early 1800s, features a clock that is still wound by hand. The churchyard’s elevated ground is a visible reminder of the many buried beneath. The site has strong literary and social connections, having been a center for the St Anne’s Society and a hub for charitable work, including the founding of the Centrepoint charity for homeless youth. The churchyard’s presence in Soho’s cultural fabric is further marked by the burial of Theodore, King of Corsica, nearby, adding a layer of unique historical intrigue.[1][3][7]

The Experience of Visiting St Anne's Churchyard Today

Today, St Anne's Churchyard offers visitors a tranquil escape filled with mature trees, benches, and quiet corners perfect for reflection or a peaceful lunch break. The garden’s high ground and historic atmosphere invite contemplation of Soho’s layered past. Visitors enjoy the contrast between the calm greenery and the lively urban surroundings, making it a cherished spot for locals and tourists alike. The garden remains open daily from 8 am to 6 pm, welcoming all who seek a moment of calm in the city.[1]

Community and Social Engagement Through the Ages

St Anne’s Churchyard and its community have long been socially inclusive, serving a diverse and changing population. The church’s clergy have historically engaged in outreach, notably Ken Leech’s work founding Centrepoint. The churchyard itself stands as a testament to Soho’s evolving social history, from its origins as a burial ground to a public garden that fosters community connection and remembrance.[1][4]

Preservation and Future of the Site

Managed by Westminster City Council, St Anne's Churchyard is maintained as a protected green space within central London. Efforts continue to balance conservation of its historic significance with providing a welcoming environment for visitors. The site’s rich heritage and tranquil ambience ensure its ongoing importance as both a cultural landmark and a vital urban oasis.