Key West: The Southernmost Paradise in the United States

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Before European settlers arrived, the island of Key West was inhabited by the Calusa and Tequesta tribes. These Native American tribes used the island primarily for fishing and hunting, taking advantage of its rich marine resources.

In 1513, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León became the first European to record the existence of Key West. The Spanish named the island 'Cayo Hueso,' which means 'Bone Island,' due to the large number of human bones found there, likely from a Native American battlefield or burial ground.

Key West changed hands several times between the Spanish and the British throughout the 18th century. In 1821, Spain ceded Florida to the United States, and Key West officially became part of the U.S. territory.

In the mid-19th century, Key West became a bustling maritime hub, primarily due to its lucrative wrecking industry. Ships frequently wrecked on the nearby coral reefs, and local wreckers salvaged valuable cargo, making Key West one of the wealthiest cities in the U.S. at the time.

During the Civil War, Key West remained under Union control despite Florida being a Confederate state. The island's strategic location made it a crucial naval base for blockading Southern ports and controlling shipping routes.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Key West became a haven for Cuban exiles and revolutionaries. The island's proximity to Cuba fostered a strong cultural exchange, and many Cubans settled in Key West, contributing to its rich cultural tapestry.

In 1912, industrialist Henry Flagler completed the Overseas Railroad, connecting Key West to mainland Florida. This engineering marvel transformed the island's economy by facilitating tourism and trade, although the railroad was destroyed by a hurricane in 1935.

During World War II, Key West played a vital role as a naval base. The U.S. Navy used the island as a training and staging ground for anti-submarine warfare, significantly boosting the local economy and population.

Key West has been home to many famous writers, most notably Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway lived on the island during the 1930s and wrote several of his classic novels there. His home is now a popular museum and a testament to Key West's vibrant literary history.

In the latter half of the 20th century, Key West transformed into a major tourist destination. Its unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty attracted visitors from around the world. The island's laid-back atmosphere, colorful architecture, and vibrant nightlife continue to be major draws for tourists.

Key West is accessible by various means of transportation. The most common way to reach Key West is by flying into Key West International Airport (EYW), which offers direct flights from several major cities in the U.S. Alternatively, you can drive from Miami via the scenic Overseas Highway (U.S. 1), which connects the Florida Keys. The drive takes approximately 3.5 hours. There are also bus services like Greyhound and Key West Shuttle that operate from Miami and other parts of Florida. Additionally, you can arrive by ferry from Fort Myers or Marco Island.

Once in Key West, transportation options include renting a bicycle or scooter, which is ideal for exploring the island's compact size. Taxis and rideshare services like Uber and Lyft are also available. The Old Town Trolley and the Conch Tour Train offer guided tours with hop-on-hop-off services. For a more local experience, consider using the public bus system, Key West Transit. Walking is also a popular option, especially in the Old Town area.

The official currency in Key West is the U.S. Dollar (USD). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted, including in most restaurants, shops, and hotels. ATMs are plentiful throughout the island. While it's convenient to carry some cash for small purchases or tips, most transactions can be handled with a card. Tipping is customary in the U.S., typically 15-20% in restaurants and for services like taxis and tours.

Key West is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, as with any popular tourist spot, it's important to stay vigilant. Avoid leaving valuables unattended, especially on the beach or in your car. Petty theft can occur in crowded areas. Some neighborhoods outside the main tourist areas may have higher crime rates, so it's advisable to stick to well-lit, populated areas at night. Duval Street and Mallory Square are bustling and generally safe.

In case of emergency, dial 911 for immediate assistance. Key West has a hospital, Lower Keys Medical Center, located at 5900 College Road. Pharmacies like CVS and Walgreens are scattered throughout the island for minor health issues. It's recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For non-emergencies, the Key West Police Department and Fire Department are reliable resources.

Fashion: Do wear comfortable, casual clothing suitable for the tropical climate. Lightweight fabrics and sun protection are essential. Avoid overly revealing swimwear when not on the beach. Religion: Do respect the diverse religious practices in the area, though Key West is generally laid-back and secular. Public Transport: Do use the public transit system for an economical way to get around. Don’t be loud or disruptive on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a friendly 'Hello' or 'Hi.' Key West is known for its hospitality. Eating & Drinking: Do try the local cuisine, especially Key Lime Pie and fresh seafood. Don’t forget to stay hydrated and drink responsibly, especially if you are enjoying the nightlife.

To experience Key West like a local, visit the quieter neighborhoods such as Bahama Village for a taste of local culture. Enjoy the sunset at Mallory Square, where locals and tourists gather for the daily Sunset Celebration. For a more relaxed atmosphere, head to Fort Zachary Taylor State Park. Local seafood joints, like Hogfish Bar & Grill on Stock Island, offer authentic island flavors. Engage with locals who are often willing to share insider tips and stories about the island's history and attractions.