Brownsville: Where History Meets Nature at the Southern Tip of Texas

• HelloHowdy
  [haw-dee]
• GoodbyeAdios
  [ah-dee-ohs]
• YesSí
  [see]
• NoNo
  [no]
• Please/You're welcomePor favor/De nada
  [por fah-vor/deh nah-dah]
• Thank youGracias
  [grah-see-ahs]
• Excuse me/SorryDisculpe/Lo siento
  [dee-skool-peh/loh see-ehn-toh]
• How are you?¿Cómo estás?
  [koh-moh ehs-tahs]
• Fine. And you?Bien. ¿Y tú?
  [byen. ee too]
• Do you speak English?¿Hablas inglés?
  [ah-blahs een-glays]
• I don't understandNo entiendo
  [noh ehn-tee-ehn-doh]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseMe gustaría ver el menú, por favor
  [meh goo-stah-ree-ah vehr ehl meh-noo, por fah-vor]
• I don't eat meatNo como carne
  [noh koh-moh kahr-neh]
• Cheers!¡Salud!
  [sah-lood]
• I would like to pay, pleaseMe gustaría pagar, por favor
  [meh goo-stah-ree-ah pah-gar, por fah-vor]

• Help!¡Ayuda!
  [ah-yoo-dah]
• Go away!¡Vete!
  [veh-teh]
• Call the Police!¡Llama a la policía!
  [yah-mah ah lah poh-lee-see-ah]
• Call a doctor!¡Llama a un médico!
  [yah-mah ah oon meh-dee-koh]
• I'm lostEstoy perdido
  [ehs-toy pehr-dee-doh]
• I'm illEstoy enfermo
  [ehs-toy ehn-fehr-moh]

• I'd like to buy...Me gustaría comprar...
  [meh goo-stah-ree-ah kohm-prahr...]
• I'm just lookingSólo estoy mirando
  [soh-loh ehs-toy meer-ahn-doh]
• How much is it?¿Cuánto cuesta?
  [kwan-toh kwes-tah]
• That's too expensiveEso es demasiado caro
  [eh-soh ehs deh-mah-see-ah-doh kah-roh]
• Can you lower the price?¿Puede bajar el precio?
  [pweh-deh bah-har ehl pree-syoh]

• What time is it?¿Qué hora es?
  [keh oh-rah ehs]
• It's one o'clockEs la una en punto
  [ehs lah oo-nah ehn poon-toh]
• Half past (10)Media hora (10)
  [meh-dee-ah oh-rah (deez)]
• MorningMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• AfternoonTarde
  [tahr-deh]
• EveningNoche
  [noh-cheh]
• YesterdayAyer
  [ah-yehr]
• TodayHoy
  [oy]
• TomorrowMañana
  [mah-nyah-nah]
• 1Uno
  [oo-noh]
• 2Dos
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• 3Tres
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• 4Cuatro
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• 5Cinco
  [seen-koh]
• 6Seis
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• 7Siete
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• 8Ocho
  [oh-choh]
• 9Nueve
  [nweh-veh]
• 10Diez
  [dyehs]

• Where's a/the...?¿Dónde está un/el...?
  [dohn-deh ehs-tah oon/el]
• What's the address?¿Cuál es la dirección?
  [kwal ehs lah dee-rehk-see-ohn]
• Can you show me (on the map)?¿Puedes mostrarme (en el mapa)?
  [pweh-dehs mohs-trahr-meh (ehn el mah-pah)]
• When's the next (bus)?¿Cuándo es el próximo (autobús)?
  [kwan-doh ehs ehl proh-see-moh (ow-toh-boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un boleto (a ....)
  [oon boh-leh-toh (ah ....)]

Brownsville was founded in 1848 by Charles Stillman, a businessman from Connecticut. The city was named after Major Jacob Brown, who died in the area during the Mexican-American War. The strategic location of Brownsville on the Rio Grande made it an important commercial hub, facilitating trade between the United States and Mexico.

Brownsville holds significant historical importance due to its role in the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). The Battle of Palo Alto and the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, both near Brownsville, were among the first major engagements of the war. Fort Brown, established in 1846, served as a critical military post during this period.

During the American Civil War, Brownsville was a hotspot for Confederate activity due to its proximity to Mexico, which allowed for trade and supply routes that bypassed Union blockades. The Battle of Palmito Ranch, fought near Brownsville on May 12-13, 1865, is noteworthy as the last land battle of the Civil War, occurring after the Confederate surrender at Appomattox.

The arrival of the St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexico Railway in 1904 marked a turning point for Brownsville's economic development. The railway connected Brownsville to larger markets and facilitated the movement of goods and people, contributing to the city's growth and prosperity.

The Brownsville Raid, also known as the Brownsville Affair, was a racial incident in 1906 involving the 25th Infantry Regiment, an African American unit. Shots were fired in Brownsville, resulting in the deaths of a white bartender and the wounding of a police officer. Despite evidence suggesting the soldiers' innocence, President Theodore Roosevelt dishonorably discharged the entire regiment without a trial, a decision that was later overturned in 1972.

The Chamizal Dispute was a border conflict between the United States and Mexico over the shifting course of the Rio Grande, which affected land ownership. The dispute was resolved in 1963 with the Chamizal Treaty, leading to the amicable relocation of the border and the establishment of the Chamizal National Memorial to commemorate the peaceful resolution.

Brownsville's culture is a rich tapestry woven from its diverse heritage. The city's population is predominantly Hispanic, reflecting its deep historical ties with Mexico. This cultural blend is evident in the local cuisine, festivals like Charro Days, and the bilingual nature of the community. Brownsville's unique cultural identity is celebrated through various local museums, art galleries, and historic sites.

In recent years, Brownsville has gained international attention with the establishment of the SpaceX South Texas Launch Site at Boca Chica. This site, chosen by SpaceX for its proximity to the equator and open ocean, has become a focal point for space exploration and technology. The presence of SpaceX has spurred local economic growth and positioned Brownsville as a key player in the future of space travel.

Brownsville is located at the southernmost tip of Texas, near the Mexican border. The nearest major airport is Brownsville/South Padre Island International Airport (BRO), which offers flights from several major US cities. Another option is flying into Valley International Airport (HRL) in Harlingen, which is about 30 minutes away by car. From either airport, you can rent a car or take a taxi to reach the city. Greyhound buses also service Brownsville from various locations across Texas and the US.

Brownsville has a variety of transportation options. Brownsville Metro provides bus services throughout the city, and taxis and rideshare services like Uber and Lyft are readily available. Renting a car is a convenient option for exploring both the city and surrounding areas, such as South Padre Island. The city is bike-friendly, with several bike trails and rental shops available.

The official currency in Brownsville is the US Dollar (USD). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops. ATMs are plentiful, especially in commercial areas, and many banks offer currency exchange services. It's advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments or in case you visit rural areas where card payments might not be accepted.

Brownsville is generally a safe city for tourists, but it's wise to take standard precautions. Avoid walking alone at night, especially in less populated areas. High-crime neighborhoods include parts of the downtown area and certain sections near the border. Always be aware of your surroundings and keep your belongings secure. For the most updated safety information, consult local news and advisories.

In case of an emergency, dial 911 for police, fire, or medical assistance. Several hospitals, including Valley Regional Medical Center and Valley Baptist Medical Center, provide emergency services. It’s advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, there are numerous pharmacies throughout the city.

Fashion: Do dress casually but neatly, especially in social settings. Avoid overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local religious customs; when visiting churches, dress modestly. Public Transport: Do be courteous and give up your seat for elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a handshake; it's customary and polite. Eating & Drinking: Do try local Tex-Mex cuisine and seafood. Don’t refuse hospitality as it is considered impolite.

To experience Brownsville like a local, visit the Farmers' Market for fresh produce and local crafts. Spend time at the Gladys Porter Zoo, a local favorite. For a taste of local culture, attend events like Charro Days, a week-long festival celebrating the city's Mexican heritage. Explore the Historic Downtown District for its unique shops, restaurants, and historic architecture. Don’t miss a trip to the Palo Alto Battlefield National Historical Park to learn about the area's history.