Burgundy Vineyards: A Taste of French Elegance

• HelloBonjour
  [bon-zhoor]
• GoodbyeAu revoir
  [oh re-vwar]
• YesOui
  [wee]
• NoNon
  [nohn]
• Please/You're welcomeS'il vous plaît/De rien
  [seel voo pleh/duh ree-ehn]
• Thank youMerci
  [mehr-see]
• Excuse me/SorryExcusez-moi/Désolé
  [ehk-skew-zay mwah/deh-soh-lay]
• How are you?Comment ça va?
  [kohm-ahn sah vah]
• Fine. And you?Bien. Et vous?
  [byen. ay voo]
• Do you speak English?Parlez-vous anglais?
  [par-lay voo ahn-glay]
• I don't understandJe ne comprends pas
  [zhuh nuh kohm-prahn pah]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseJe voudrais voir le menu, s'il vous plaît
  [zhuh voo-dray vwahr luh meh-nyoo, seel voo pleh]
• I don't eat meatJe ne mange pas de viande
  [zhuh nuh mahnzh pah duh vee-ahnd]
• Cheers!Santé!
  [sahn-tay]
• I would like to pay, pleaseJe voudrais payer, s'il vous plaît
  [zhuh voo-dray pay-yay, seel voo pleh]

• Help!À l'aide!
  [ah leyd]
• Go away!Allez-vous en!
  [ah-lay voo ahn]
• Call the Police!Appelez la police!
  [ah-puh-lay lah poh-lees]
• Call a doctor!Appelez un médecin!
  [ah-puh-lay uh mayd-sahn]
• I'm lostJe suis perdu
  [zhuh swee pair-doo]
• I'm illJe suis malade
  [zhuh swee mah-lahd]

• I'd like to buy...Je voudrais acheter...
  [zhuh voo-dray zheh-shay]
• I'm just lookingJe regarde juste
  [zhuh ruh-gahrd zhewst]
• How much is it?Combien ça coûte?
  [kohm-byen sah koot]
• That's too expensiveC'est trop cher
  [say troh shair]
• Can you lower the price?Pouvez-vous baisser le prix?
  [poo-veh voo beh-say luh pree]

• What time is it?Quelle heure est-il?
  [kell uhr eh-teel]
• It's one o'clockIl est une heure
  [eel eh oon uhr]
• Half past (10)Dix et demi
  [dees ay dem-ee]
• MorningMatin
  [ma-tan]
• AfternoonAprès-midi
  [ah-pray mee-dee]
• EveningSoir
  [swahr]
• YesterdayHier
  [yehr]
• TodayAujourd'hui
  [oh-zhoor dew-ee]
• TomorrowDemain
  [duh-mahn]
• 1Un
  [uhn]
• 2Deux
  [duh]
• 3Trois
  [twah]
• 4Quatre
  [kah-truh]
• 5Cinq
  [sank]
• 6Six
  [sees]
• 7Sept
  [sept]
• 8Huit
  [wheet]
• 9Neuf
  [nuhf]
• 10Dix
  [dees]

• Where's a/the...?Où est...?
  [oo eh]
• What's the address?Quelle est l'adresse?
  [kell eh lad-rehs]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Pouvez-vous me montrer (sur la carte)?
  [poo-veh voo muh mohn-tray (soor lah kart)]
• When's the next (bus)?Quand est le prochain (bus)?
  [kahn eh luh proh-shahn (boos)]
• A ticket (to ....)Un billet (pour ....)
  [uhn bee-yay (poor)]

The history of Burgundy vineyards dates back to Roman times, around the 1st century AD. The Romans recognized the region's potential for cultivating vines and began planting the first vineyards. The renowned wine-growing tradition of Burgundy owes its inception to these early efforts.

During the Middle Ages, the Benedictine and Cistercian monks played a crucial role in the development of Burgundy vineyards. Monasteries such as the Abbey of Cluny and the Abbey of Cîteaux meticulously cultivated the land, optimizing grape varieties and winemaking techniques. Their dedication laid the groundwork for Burgundy’s reputation for producing high-quality wines.

The 14th and 15th centuries marked the Golden Age of Burgundy under the rule of the Dukes of Burgundy. They were great patrons of viticulture, promoting the region's wines across Europe. Philip the Bold's decree in 1395, which banned the cultivation of the inferior Gamay grape in favor of Pinot Noir, significantly improved the quality of Burgundy wines.

The French Revolution brought significant changes to Burgundy vineyards. The confiscation and redistribution of church lands led to the fragmentation of vineyards. Many smaller plots were sold to private individuals, resulting in the patchwork of vineyard ownership that characterizes the region today.

In the 20th century, Burgundy vineyards faced challenges such as phylloxera infestations and global competition. However, the establishment of the Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) system in 1936 helped protect and standardize the quality of Burgundy wines. The AOC system ensures that wines labeled as Burgundy adhere to strict geographical and production criteria.

In 2015, the 'Climats' of Burgundy, which refers to the precisely delineated vineyard plots, were recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site. This designation acknowledges the region's unique terroir and the centuries-old cultural practices that have shaped its viticultural landscape.

Burgundy’s cultural significance is celebrated through numerous wine festivals and events. The annual 'Hospices de Beaune' wine auction, dating back to 1859, is one of the most famous wine events in the world. These festivals highlight the region’s rich heritage and its continuing importance in the global wine industry.

Burgundy Vineyards can be accessed via multiple routes. The nearest major airport is Lyon-Saint Exupéry Airport (LYS), about 150 kilometers away. Alternatively, Charles de Gaulle Airport (CDG) in Paris is about 300 kilometers away. From these airports, you can take a high-speed TGV train to Dijon, the capital of Burgundy. The journey from Paris to Dijon takes approximately 1.5 hours. Car rentals and shuttle services are also available at both airports for convenient access to the vineyards.

Once in Burgundy, the best way to explore the vineyards is by car. Car rentals are available in major cities like Dijon and Beaune. There are also cycling routes for those who prefer a more active way to see the vineyards. Public transportation options include regional trains and buses that connect the main towns and cities. Taxis and ride-sharing services are available but may be less frequent in rural areas.

The official currency in France is the Euro (EUR). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it is advisable to carry some cash, especially when visiting smaller villages and rural establishments. ATMs are available in all major towns and cities in Burgundy. Ensure your card is enabled for international transactions to avoid any inconvenience.

Burgundy is generally a safe destination for tourists. However, like any other place, it is important to take standard precautions. Avoid leaving valuables in your car or unattended. While the crime rate is low, it is always best to stay vigilant, especially in crowded places like markets and festivals. There are no specific high-crime areas targeting tourists, but it is wise to be cautious and aware of your surroundings.

In case of emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance. This number is the European emergency number and can be used for police, fire, or medical emergencies. Major towns like Dijon and Beaune have hospitals and clinics for medical emergencies. Pharmacies are also widely available for minor health issues. It is highly recommended to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies and other unforeseen events.

Fashion: Do dress smart-casual, especially when dining out or visiting vineyards. Avoid overly casual or revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect religious sites and local customs. Avoid loud behavior and always be respectful. Public Transport: Do validate your ticket before boarding trains or buses. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a 'Bonjour' (Good day) and a handshake. Eating & Drinking: Do try local wines and delicacies. Don't refuse wine tastings, as it is considered impolite. Always show appreciation for the local cuisine.

To experience Burgundy Vineyards like a local, visit the local markets in towns such as Beaune and Dijon to buy fresh produce and regional specialties. Engage with locals during vineyard tours; they are often eager to share stories and tips about wine-making. Don't miss participating in wine festivals and events like the Hospices de Beaune Wine Auction. For a unique experience, rent a bike and explore the 'Route des Grands Crus,' a scenic route that takes you through some of the most famous vineyards in the region.