Billingsgate Roman House & Baths
Explore one of London’s best-preserved Roman private homes and bathhouses, revealing ancient luxury beneath the modern city streets.
Discover the Billingsgate Roman House & Baths, a rare archaeological gem beneath London’s Lower Thames Street. Built around AD 150 and expanded a century later, this well-preserved Roman private residence features a luxurious bathhouse complex with underfloor heating and multiple heated rooms. The site reveals insights into late Roman Londinium life, with remains used until the early 5th century and evidence of early Anglo-Saxon presence. Access is by guided tour only, offering a unique glimpse into London’s ancient past.
A brief summary to Billingsgate Roman House & Baths
- 101 Lower Thames St, London, EC3R 6DL, GB
- Visit website
- Duration: 1 to 2 hours
- Mid ranged
-
Indoor
- Mobile reception: 4 out of 5
Local tips
- Book guided tours in advance, as public access is limited to scheduled tours between April and November.
- The site is located in a basement with stair access only; it is not suitable for those with mobility impairments.
- Children under 8 are not permitted; older children must be closely supervised during visits.
- Look out for details like the hypocaust heating system and ancient paw prints on roof tiles for a glimpse of daily Roman life.
For the on-the-go comforts that matter to you
- Information Boards
- Seating Areas
- Restrooms
Getting There
-
Public Transport
Take the London Underground to Tower Hill station, approximately a 10-15 minute walk to 101 Lower Thames Street. Frequent Circle and District line services operate, with adult fares typically ranging from £2.50 to £5 depending on ticket type.
-
Bus
Several London bus routes stop near Lower Thames Street, including routes 15 and 17. Travel times vary from 15 to 25 minutes from central London. Pay with an Oyster card or contactless payment for fares around £1.75.
-
Taxi or Rideshare
A taxi or rideshare from central London to Billingsgate Roman House & Baths takes approximately 15-25 minutes depending on traffic. Expect fares in the range of £10-£20.
-
Walking
If staying nearby in the City of London, walking is a pleasant option, taking around 15-20 minutes over mostly flat urban terrain. The site is accessed via stairs and is not wheelchair accessible.
Billingsgate Roman House & Baths location weather suitability
-
Any Weather
-
Rain / Wet Weather
-
Clear Skies
-
Mild Temperatures
Discover more about Billingsgate Roman House & Baths
Unearthing Londinium’s Hidden Past
Beneath the bustling streets of modern London lies the Billingsgate Roman House & Baths, a remarkable archaeological site that transports visitors back nearly two millennia. First discovered in 1848 during construction works for the Victorian Coal Exchange, the site preserves one of the few Roman private residences found in the city. Built around AD 150, the house was situated at the then waterfront of the River Thames, offering its wealthy inhabitants scenic river views and a prestigious address in Roman Londinium.Architectural Grandeur and Bathing Culture
The house was designed with a winged layout, including north and east wings connected by corridors or verandahs. The east wing featured advanced underfloor heating, known as hypocausts, allowing hot air to circulate beneath floors and walls — a sign of luxury in Roman domestic architecture. Around AD 250, a sophisticated bathhouse was added to the courtyard, comprising a cold room (frigidarium), warm room (tepidarium), and hot room (caldarium). Furnaces outside the buildings supplied heat, creating a social and business hub akin to a modern spa or club.Continuity and Decline Through Centuries
Remarkably, parts of the house and bath complex remained in use into the early 5th century, long after Roman rule in Britain began to wane. Archaeological finds, including late Roman coins and a Germanic-style brooch dropped by an early Anglo-Saxon woman, hint at the transitional period when Londinium was evolving from Roman city to early medieval settlement. By the mid-5th century, the buildings had fallen into ruin, with collapsed roofs and debris marking the end of an era.Preservation and Public Access
The site’s preservation is notable for its early in situ conservation, with walls capped and remains protected beneath successive buildings. Excavations in the late 1960s and 1970s expanded understanding of the site’s layout and significance. Today, the remains are accessible in the basement of an office building on Lower Thames Street, presented as a Scheduled Ancient Monument. Public access is by guided tours held seasonally, providing an intimate experience of Roman London’s domestic life.Insights into Roman Daily Life and Commerce
The Billingsgate House likely belonged to a wealthy merchant or official who combined business with leisure, using the bathhouse as a place for socializing and conducting deals. The presence of well-constructed hypocausts and the bath complex illustrates the importance of comfort and status in Roman urban living. The discovery of paw prints on roof tiles adds a humanizing touch, connecting modern visitors to the everyday life of ancient inhabitants.Legacy Beneath the Modern City
Billingsgate Roman House & Baths stands as a rare and evocative window into London’s Roman past, uniquely preserved beneath the city’s evolving landscape. It highlights the layers of history beneath the contemporary metropolis and invites reflection on the continuity and change that have shaped London over two thousand years.Iconic landmarks you can’t miss
Custom House
0.0 km
Historic Custom House on London’s Thames waterfront, a grand 19th-century customs hub echoing centuries of maritime trade and empire.
Monument to the Great Fire of London
0.2 km
An iconic Doric column commemorating the Great Fire of London, offering panoramic city views from its historic 311-step climb.
1 Tower Hl Ter
0.3 km
Historic urban landmark near Tower of London, blending centuries of British heritage with maritime memorials and modern city life.
Tower Hill Memorial
0.4 km
Honouring 35,000 merchant seafarers with no grave but the sea—a dual memorial to two world wars.
Lloyd's of London
0.4 km
A high-tech architectural masterpiece blending tradition and innovation in the heart of London’s financial district.
Wakefield Tower
0.5 km
Medieval royal tower steeped in 13th-century splendor and tragic history within the Tower of London.
London Wall
0.5 km
Explore London Wall, an ancient Roman landmark revealing the rich history of Londinium amidst the modern cityscape of London.
113 Cannon St
0.5 km
A distinguished Grade II listed classical building in London’s financial district, showcasing early 20th-century architectural elegance.
London Stone (remaining part)
0.5 km
Discover London Stone, the ancient and mysterious limestone relic at 111 Cannon Street, a symbol of London's enduring history and legend.
Cornhill Fountain
0.5 km
A historic cast-iron water pump outside the Royal Exchange, symbolizing centuries of London's civic pride and public health innovation.
Roman Wall of Londinium
0.5 km
Explore the towering Roman Wall at Tower Hill, a striking relic that shaped London’s ancient cityscape and echoes 2,000 years of history.
Statue of James Henry Greathead
0.6 km
Discover the statue honoring James Henry Greathead, the engineer whose invention shaped London's iconic Underground tunnels.
Historic England
0.6 km
Discover the rich tapestry of England's history at Historic England, a key organization dedicated to preserving the nation’s architectural treasures.
Threadneedle St
0.6 km
Historic Threadneedle Street: London’s iconic financial artery, home to the Bank of England and centuries of economic heritage.
St Mary Overie's Dock
0.6 km
Historic riverside dock in London’s Southwark, home to the Golden Hinde replica and steeped in medieval maritime heritage.
Unmissable attractions to see
St Dunstan in the East Church Garden
0.1 km
A peaceful historic garden oasis in the heart of London’s financial district, blending Gothic ruins with lush greenery and tranquil charm.
The Hung Drawn & Quartered, EC3
0.2 km
Historic pub near Tower Hill offering seasonal classics and craft ales in a setting steeped in London's dramatic past.
St Margaret Pattens Eastcheap
0.2 km
Explore the historic St Margaret Pattens in London, a serene church brimming with stunning architecture and rich history, perfect for a peaceful visit.
Pudding Ln
0.2 km
Pudding Lane: Historic street where the Great Fire of London ignited, shaping the city’s future and urban heritage.
Philpot Lane Mice Sculpture
0.2 km
Discover the whimsical Philpot Lane Mice Sculpture, a quirky landmark in London that showcases the city's creative spirit and vibrant history.
20 Fenchurch St
0.2 km
Iconic London skyscraper known as the Walkie Talkie, featuring a stunning three-floor Sky Garden with panoramic city views and rooftop dining.
Fish St Hill
0.2 km
Historic street leading to London Bridge, shadowed by the Monument to the Great Fire of London, blending centuries of London’s history.
Church of Saint Magnus-the-Martyr
0.2 km
A historic sanctuary at the foot of London Bridge, where centuries of faith and city life converge in a Baroque masterpiece.
All Hallows by the Tower
0.3 km
Discover London's oldest church, a historic gem beside the Tower, where Roman, Saxon, and medieval layers tell tales of resilience and heritage.
St Olave's Church, Hart Street
0.3 km
Discover the serene beauty and rich history of St Olave's Church, a hidden gem in the heart of London, perfect for history enthusiasts and peace-seekers alike.
Gunpowder Plot: The Immersive Experience
0.3 km
Immerse yourself in the thrilling 1605 Gunpowder Plot with live actors, authentic vaults, and cutting-edge VR at Tower Hill Vaults.
HMS Belfast
0.3 km
Explore nine decks of naval history aboard HMS Belfast, London’s iconic WWII cruiser with stunning Thames views and immersive exhibits.
8-12 Tower Hill
0.3 km
Historic Tower Hill in London, where ancient walls meet iconic landmarks and vibrant riverside life unfolds.
The Garden at 120
0.4 km
Discover London’s largest free rooftop garden with serene greenery and iconic 360° city views atop 120 Fenchurch Street.
London Bridge
0.4 km
Discover the historic London Bridge, a stunning architectural marvel offering breathtaking views and a gateway to the heart of London's vibrant culture.
Essential places to dine
La Dame de Pic London
0.4 km
Discover refined French gastronomy and elegant dining in a historic London landmark with two Michelin stars and innovative cuisine.
14 Hills
0.4 km
Experience modern British cuisine in a lush, sky-high garden with breathtaking panoramic views over London’s iconic skyline.
George
0.8 km
Step into London’s last galleried coaching inn, where history, hearty ales, and a lively courtyard blend in a timeless pub experience.
Restaurant Story
0.8 km
Experience a two Michelin-starred culinary journey where storytelling meets British fine dining in the heart of London Bridge.
Barcelona Tapas Bar & Restaurant
0.9 km
Authentic Spanish tapas and warm hospitality in the heart of London’s City since 1991.
Mattarello Chiodo Bolognese Restaurant
0.9 km
Authentic Bolognese pasta and gluten-free Italian delights in the heart of London’s Middlesex Street.
Madison
1.0 km
Stylish rooftop dining and cocktails with breathtaking views of St Paul’s Cathedral and London’s skyline.
Marugame Udon Middlesex Street
1.0 km
Experience freshly handcrafted Japanese udon and crispy tempura in a lively open kitchen setting at Marugame Udon Middlesex Street, London’s authentic udon destination.
Mercato Metropolitano
1.6 km
A vibrant, sustainable community food market in Elephant & Castle offering global flavors, local sourcing, and a lively social atmosphere.
Lyle's
1.7 km
Michelin-starred Lyle's serves innovative, seasonal British cuisine in a minimalist Shoreditch setting with a relaxed, refined atmosphere.
Sea Containers Restaurant
1.7 km
Stylish Modern British dining with iconic Thames views on London’s vibrant Southbank, perfect for brunch, dinner, and special occasions.
St. John
1.8 km
Experience authentic British nose-to-tail dining in the heart of London’s Barbican at St. John, where tradition meets modern culinary artistry.
Nomadic community
1.8 km
A colorful, community-driven urban garden near Brick Lane, blending street art, creativity, and green space in East London’s vibrant cultural scene.
Dans le Noir ? London Restaurant
1.9 km
Experience dining like never before in total darkness, guided by visually impaired waitstaff in a sensory adventure at Dans le Noir ? London.
Paradiso Burger & Cocktail Bar Southbank
1.9 km
Vibrant riverside spot in Southbank serving gourmet burgers, cocktails, and bottomless brunch with stunning Thames views.
Markets, malls and hidden boutiques
Traders Gate
0.3 km
A long-standing family-run gift shop on Tower Hill, offering classic London souvenirs and local charm just steps from the Tower of London.
Tower of London Shop
0.3 km
Explore the Tower of London Shop for unique souvenirs that celebrate British heritage and history in the heart of London.
1 Poultry
0.7 km
Iconic postmodern office and retail building with vibrant limestone stripes, a colorful atrium, and a rooftop garden overlooking London’s financial district.
Tower Bridge - Engine Rooms and Official Gift Shop
0.7 km
Explore the fascinating history of Tower Bridge at the Engine Rooms and shop for unique gifts at the Official Gift Shop.
Borough Yards
0.7 km
Discover Borough Yards, a lively London district blending historic railway arches with cutting-edge shopping, dining, and culture near Borough Market.
Middlesex Textiles
0.9 km
Discover London’s premier West African fabric store offering vibrant, high-quality textiles with unmatched variety and service since 1969.
Petticoat Lane Market
0.9 km
London's historic street market where 370 years of commerce, migration, and East End character converge.
One New Change
1.0 km
Modern glass landmark with free rooftop views of St Paul's Cathedral and London skyline.
Fashion St
1.2 km
A historic East London street where Victorian architecture meets modern creativity, surrounded by boutiques, cafés, and vibrant community life.
Commercial St
1.2 km
Historic East London artery blending industrial heritage, vibrant markets, and cultural landmarks in the heart of Spitalfields.
Spitalfields Market
1.3 km
Historic yet vibrant, Spitalfields Market blends East London’s rich heritage with a lively mix of food, art, and shopping all week long.
Bermondsey Antique Market
1.3 km
Uncover vintage treasures at London’s oldest antiques market, where history meets haggling every Friday morning in Bermondsey Square.
Sclater Street Market
1.4 km
Vintage treasures and eclectic finds in the heart of Shoreditch's bohemian marketplace.
Bankside Arches Boutique
1.4 km
Discover unique London gifts and handcrafted treasures inside Blackfriars Station’s charming Bankside Arches Boutique.
Barbican Shop
1.4 km
Discover curated art, design, music, and unique gifts at the Barbican Shop, a creative retail haven within London’s iconic Barbican Centre.
Essential bars & hidden hideouts
The Cocktail Club - Cocktail Bar near Monument
0.3 km
Vibrant underground cocktail bar near Monument, blending creative drinks with a lively, speakeasy-style party atmosphere.
The Bootlegger
0.3 km
Step into The Bootlegger’s hidden Lime Street basement for expertly crafted cocktails, live jazz, and a true 1920s speakeasy vibe in the heart of London.
Nine Lives
0.7 km
A subterranean Bermondsey bar blending Mexican spirits, sustainable craft cocktails, and vibrant sharable dishes in a boho-chic setting.
Demon, Wise & Partners
0.7 km
Classic basement cocktail bar blending historic City charm with expert mixology in London’s financial district.
The Alchemist Bevis Marks
0.7 km
Experience London’s theatrical cocktail haven blending molecular mixology with Victorian charm and all-day dining in Aldgate.
Moonshine Saloon
0.7 km
Step into London’s Moonshine Saloon for an immersive Wild West cocktail adventure with live actors, games, and bespoke drinks made from your own spirits.
The Bell
0.9 km
A historic East End pub blending traditional charm and local spirit near Petticoat Lane Market.
Discount Suit Company
1.0 km
Discover a hidden vintage cocktail bar beneath Spitalfields, blending bespoke drinks with a cozy speakeasy atmosphere in London’s historic tailoring district.
Dirty Dicks
1.0 km
Historic London pub with quirky charm, classic ales, and lively atmosphere near Liverpool Street Station.
The Astronomer, EC1
1.0 km
A traditional London pub with a cosmic twist, offering hearty pies, craft ales, and a welcoming atmosphere near Liverpool Street.
The Old School Yard
1.0 km
Step into a lively retro playground with expertly crafted cocktails, classic arcade games, and a vibrant 80s and 90s atmosphere in London Bridge.
The Mayor of Scaredy Cat Town
1.1 km
Discover Shoreditch’s secret speakeasy behind a fridge door, where quirky vintage charm meets expertly crafted cocktails and lively 80s beats.
Apples & Pears Cocktail Bar
1.2 km
A vibrant East London cocktail bar blending creative drinks, lively DJs, and a welcoming atmosphere in the heart of Brick Lane.
Aviary
1.4 km
Elegant rooftop dining with botanical cocktails and panoramic London skyline views in the heart of Finsbury Square.
Flight Club Shoreditch
1.4 km
Experience the vibrant social darts scene with great food, cocktails, and fun at Flight Club Shoreditch in East London.
For the vibe & atmosphere seeker
- Tranquil
- Scenic
- Unique
- Historic
For the design and aesthetic lover
- Rustic Designs
- Vintage Styles
For the architecture buff
- Historic
- Landmarks
For the view chaser and sunset hunter
- Iconic Views
For the social media creator & influencer
- Instagrammable
- Photo Spots
- Architectural Shots
For the eco-conscious traveler
- Protected Area
- Public-Transport Accessible
- Locally Managed
For the kind of experience you’re after
- Cultural Heritage
- Photowalk
- Day Trip
- Weekend Getaway
- Myth & Legends
For how adventurous you want the journey to be
- Easy Access
Location Audience
- Family Friendly
- Senior Friendly
- Child Friendly
- Teen Friendly
- Solo Friendly
- Couple Friendly
- Vegetarian Friendly
