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Temple Bar: The Last Surviving Gateway of the City of London

Explore Temple Bar, London’s historic ceremonial gateway rebuilt by Christopher Wren, rich with royal heritage and striking 17th-century architecture.

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Temple Bar is a Grade I listed historic gateway located in Paternoster Square, London, near St Paul's Cathedral. Originally built in the 17th century by Sir Christopher Wren, it served as the ceremonial entrance between the City of London and Westminster. Dismantled in 1878 due to traffic congestion, it was restored and re-erected in 2004. The gateway is renowned for its original Portland stone structure, statues of monarchs, and its rich history of royal ceremonies and grim displays of justice.

A brief summary to Temple Bar London

  • Paternoster Lodge, 2 Paternoster Sq., London, EC4M 7DX, GB
  • +447803294432
  • Visit website
  • Duration: 0.5 to 1.5 hours
  • Mid ranged
  • Environment icon Outdoor
  • Mobile reception: 5 out of 5

Local tips

  • Visit during daylight hours to fully appreciate the intricate Portland stone carvings and statues.
  • Combine your visit with nearby St Paul’s Cathedral and Paternoster Square for a full historical experience.
  • Check availability to attend or book private events in the Wren Room or Temple Bar Chamber.
  • Look for the dragon-topped monument marking Temple Bar’s original location on Fleet Street.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    Take the London Underground to St Paul's Station on the Central Line, approximately a 5 to 10-minute walk to Paternoster Square. The station is well serviced, with frequent trains and step-free access. A single journey fare ranges from £2.50 to £4.90 depending on the payment method.

  • Bus

    Several London bus routes stop near Paternoster Square, including routes 4, 11, 15, and 242. Bus travel times vary from 15 to 30 minutes depending on your starting point and traffic. Contactless payment is accepted on all buses, with fares around £1.75 per journey.

  • Taxi or Ride-Hailing

    Black cabs and ride-hailing services can drop you off directly at Paternoster Square. Travel times from central London locations typically range from 10 to 25 minutes depending on traffic. Expect fares from £10 to £25.

  • Walking

    If you are in the City of London or nearby areas, walking to Temple Bar is a pleasant option. The terrain is flat and accessible, with walking times ranging from 10 to 30 minutes depending on your starting point.

Temple Bar London location weather suitability

  • Weather icon Any Weather
  • Weather icon Clear Skies
  • Weather icon Mild Temperatures

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Origins and Historical Significance

Temple Bar's origins date back to 1293 when it was first recorded as a simple chain or bar marking the boundary between the City of London and the City of Westminster. Over time, it evolved into a timber gatehouse by 1351, complete with a small prison above it. The gateway was situated where Fleet Street meets the Strand and served as a key ceremonial and practical entry point into the City. It symbolized the City's jurisdiction and was closely linked to the Temple area, a historic legal district once owned by the Knights Templar and later home to London’s lawyers.

Reconstruction by Sir Christopher Wren

After the Great Fire of London in 1666, which damaged much of the city including the Temple area, the gateway was rebuilt in Portland stone between 1669 and 1672 under the direction of Sir Christopher Wren at the behest of King Charles II. This new structure featured ornate niches with statues of monarchs such as Charles I, Charles II, Queen Anne of Denmark, and James I. The gate became a prominent architectural landmark and a symbol of royal and civic power, marking the threshold where monarchs traditionally stopped to receive the City's ceremonial sword.

A Site of Ceremony and Dark History

Temple Bar was central to many historic events, including royal processions like Anne Boleyn’s coronation and Queen Elizabeth I’s 1588 procession celebrating the defeat of the Spanish Armada. The gateway also bore a grim legacy: from the 17th to 18th centuries, it displayed the severed heads of executed traitors on iron spikes as a warning to the public. This macabre practice ended in 1772 when the heads were blown down in a storm. The gate also witnessed public punishments such as pillorying, adding to its reputation as a place of spectacle and authority.

Removal and Preservation

By the late 19th century, Temple Bar had become a traffic bottleneck amidst London’s growing population and expanding road network. In 1878, it was dismantled stone by stone to ease congestion and to make way for the Royal Courts of Justice. The stones were numbered and the gateway was relocated to Theobalds Park in Hertfordshire, where it remained for over a century. A tall monument topped with a dragon now marks the original site of Temple Bar on Fleet Street.

Return to the City and Modern Role

In 1976, the Temple Bar Trust was established to restore and return the gateway to the City of London. After extensive fundraising and restoration efforts costing around £3 million, Temple Bar was reassembled and unveiled in Paternoster Square in 2004, close to St Paul's Cathedral. Today, it stands as a pedestrian gateway and the Livery Hall of The Architects' Company, with elegant spaces like the Wren Room available for private events. The gate retains much of its original 17th-century fabric, including the statues by James Bushnell, symbolizing both London's rich heritage and its continuous evolution.

Architectural and Cultural Legacy

Temple Bar remains a rare surviving example of a ceremonial city gate, notable for its Portland stone construction and intricate sculptural details. It embodies centuries of London's civic identity, royal traditions, and legal history. The gateway’s relocation to Paternoster Square situates it within a vibrant modern business district, linking the past with the present. Its Grade I listing underscores its architectural and historic importance, making it a must-see landmark for those interested in London's layered history and urban development.

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