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Nijō Castle: A Shogun's Kyoto Residence

Explore Nijō Castle in Kyoto: a UNESCO World Heritage Site, former residence of the Tokugawa shoguns, and a treasure of Japanese history and architecture.

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Nijō Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage site in Kyoto, Japan, was built in 1603 as the Kyoto residence of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the first shogun of the Edo Period. The castle showcases the power of the shogunate and features impressive architecture, including the Ninomaru Palace with its famous 'nightingale floors'.

A brief summary to Nijō Castle

Local tips

  • Rent an English audio guide at the entrance to enhance your understanding of the castle's history and significance.
  • Wear comfortable shoes, as you'll be doing a lot of walking on the castle grounds.
  • Visit during the cherry blossom season (late March to late April) or in late November for stunning autumn colors.
  • Check the official website for closure dates, special events, and Honmaru Palace opening information.
  • Purchase a Kyoto City Subway One-Day Pass or Subway and Bus One/Two day Pass for discounted admission to the castle grounds.
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Getting There

  • Public Transport

    From Kyoto Station, take the Karasuma Subway Line to Karasuma-Oike Station, then transfer to the Tozai Line to Nijojo-mae Station. The entrance to Nijō Castle is a short walk from the station. The subway trip takes approximately 15 minutes and costs 260 yen. Alternatively, take Kyoto City Bus numbers 9 or 50 from Kyoto Station to the Nijojo-mae bus stop, which is close to the castle. The bus ride takes 15-20 minutes and costs 230 yen.

  • Walking

    If you are in central Kyoto, consider walking to Nijō Castle. The walk can be a pleasant way to see the city, typically ranging from 20 to 40 minutes depending on your starting location. From Kyoto Station, it is approximately a 50-minute walk.

  • Taxi

    Taxis are readily available throughout Kyoto and can take you to Nijō Castle from any part of the city. A taxi from Kyoto Station takes about 4 minutes and costs approximately 1,900-2,400 yen. This is a convenient option, especially on rainy days.

  • Car

    If driving, there is paid parking available at Nijō Castle. Parking Lot 1 (east of the castle) costs 600 yen for 40 minutes, with a maximum of 1,800 yen for the same day. Parking Lot 3 (south of the castle) costs 1,000 yen for the first two hours, with an additional 200 yen per extra hour. Note that parking spaces may be limited, especially during peak tourist seasons. For the safety of road users, visitors arriving by car are asked not to wait or park on nearby roads.

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Discover more about Nijō Castle

Nijō Castle, or Nijō-jō, stands as a testament to the power and prestige of the Tokugawa shogunate during the Edo period. Constructed in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu, the first shogun, the castle served as his Kyoto residence and a symbol of his authority in the ancient capital. His grandson, Iemitsu, completed the palace buildings 23 years later and expanded the castle with a five-story castle keep. The castle grounds are divided into three main areas: the Honmaru (main circle of defense), the Ninomaru (secondary circle of defense), and surrounding gardens. The entire complex is encircled by stone walls and moats, reflecting the defensive strategies of the time. Visitors enter through a large gate on the east side, where English audio guides are available for rent. Venturing further, the Chinese-style Karamon Gate leads to the Ninomaru, the location of the Ninomaru Palace. This palace, the main attraction, served as the shogun's residence and office during his visits to Kyoto. It comprises multiple buildings connected by corridors with 'nightingale floors' designed to squeak underfoot, a security measure against intruders. The rooms are adorned with tatami mats, decorated ceilings, and painted sliding doors. Outside the Ninomaru Palace lies the Ninomaru Garden, a traditional Japanese landscape garden featuring a large pond, ornamental stones, and meticulously manicured pine trees. The Honmaru once housed a second palace complex and a five-story castle keep, but both were destroyed by fires in the 18th century and never rebuilt. After the fall of the shogunate in 1867, an imperial residence was moved from the Kyoto Imperial Palace to the Honmaru. The interior of the Honmaru Palace was reopened to the public in September 2024, requiring advance reservations and an additional fee. Visitors can explore the Honmaru gardens and ascend the stone foundation of the former castle keep for panoramic views. Nijō Castle played a crucial role in Japanese history, marking both the beginning and the end of the Tokugawa Shogunate. In 1867, the 15th Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, officially resigned within its walls, returning governing power to the Emperor and ushering in the Meiji Restoration. Today, Nijō Castle stands as a UNESCO World Heritage site, offering visitors a glimpse into Japan's feudal past and the opulent lifestyle of the shoguns.

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