Travel Guide to Old Town

• HelloAlright
  [al-ryt]
• GoodbyeTa-ra
  [ta-rah]
• YesAye
  [aye]
• NoNah
  [nah]
• Please/You're welcomeTa
  [ta]
• Thank youCheers
  [cheers]
• Excuse me/SorryPardon
  [par-dn]
• How are you?Alright?
  [al-ryt]
• Fine. And you?Not bad. And you?
  [not bad. and you?]
• Do you speak English?Can you talk English?
  [kan yu talk ing-glish]
• I don't understandI ain't got a scooby
  [i aint got a scooby]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseCan I have a butchers at the menu, please
  [kan i hav a butch-ers at the menu, please]
• I don't eat meatI don't touch flesh
  [i dont tuch flesh]
• Cheers!Cheers!
  [cheers!]
• I would like to pay, pleaseI'll settle up, please
  [il set-l up, please]

• Help!Help!
  [help!]
• Go away!Sod off!
  [sod off]
• Call the Police!Ring the Bill
  [ring the bill]
• Call a doctor!Ring for a quack
  [ring for a kwak]
• I'm lostI'm all over the place
  [im all over the place]
• I'm illI'm feeling poorly
  [im feeling poorly]

• I'd like to buy...I'm after...
  [im aft-er]
• I'm just lookingI'm just having a gander
  [im just hav-ing a gan-der]
• How much is it?How much is that?
  [how much is that]
• That's too expensiveThat's a bit dear
  [that's a bit dear]
• Can you lower the price?Can you do it for a bit less?
  [kan yu do it for a bit less]

• What time is it?What's the time?
  [whats the time]
• It's one o'clockIt's one
  [its one]
• Half past (10)Half ten
  [half ten]
• MorningMornin
  [morn-in]
• AfternoonAfternoon
  [after-noon]
• EveningEvening
  [even-ing]
• YesterdayYest'day
  [yest-day]
• TodayToday
  [to-day]
• TomorrowTomorrer
  [tom-or-er]
• 1One
  [one]
• 2Two
  [two]
• 3Three
  [three]
• 4Four
  [four]
• 5Five
  [five]
• 6Six
  [six]
• 7Seven
  [seven]
• 8Eight
  [eight]
• 9Nine
  [nine]
• 10Ten
  [ten]

• Where's a/the...?Where's the...?
  [wheres the]
• What's the address?What's the addy?
  [whats the addy]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Can you point me right?
  [kan yu point me ryt]
• When's the next (bus)?When's the next 'un?
  [whens the next un]
• A ticket (to ....)A ticket (to ....)
  [a ticket (to)]

Edinburgh's Old Town traces its origins back to the 12th century when King David I established a burgh on Castle Rock. The layout of the Old Town, characterized by its narrow alleys and high-rise buildings, reflects the medieval urban planning style typical of the time. The Royal Mile, which runs through the heart of the Old Town, has served as a vital thoroughfare connecting Edinburgh Castle and the Palace of Holyroodhouse.

The Old Town was a significant center during the Scottish Reformation in the 16th century. Key events unfolded in St. Giles' Cathedral, where John Knox, a leading figure of the Reformation, preached. This period witnessed the establishment of Protestantism in Scotland, leading to profound changes in religious practices and the socio-political landscape of the country.

The 18th century brought about the Enclosure Movement, which led to an increase in population and a surge of new construction within the Old Town. As the city expanded, the Old Town became increasingly crowded, resulting in the construction of multi-story tenements to accommodate the growing populace. This dense urban environment contributed to a unique community culture, with a blend of social classes living in close proximity.

The late 17th and 18th centuries marked the Scottish Enlightenment, a period of intellectual and cultural flourishing. The Old Town was home to numerous philosophers, writers, and scientists, including David Hume and Adam Smith, who shaped modern thought. The influence of this era can still be seen in the city's architecture and educational institutions, particularly the University of Edinburgh, which is located in the vicinity.

The Industrial Revolution in the 19th century brought significant changes to the Old Town. While it spurred economic growth, it also led to overcrowding and poor living conditions for many working-class residents. The city faced numerous social challenges, including health crises and poverty, which prompted reforms and the eventual development of the New Town as a response to the difficulties faced in the Old Town.

In the 20th century, efforts to preserve the historical character of the Old Town gained momentum. The area was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995, recognizing its outstanding universal value. Restoration projects and cultural initiatives have since aimed to celebrate the Old Town's rich history while adapting it for modern use, ensuring that its stories and heritage continue to be shared with future generations.

Old Town is easily accessible from other neighborhoods in Edinburgh. If you're coming from the city center, it's a short walk to the south. For those arriving by train, Waverley Station is located adjacent to Old Town. Buses from various parts of the city also stop nearby, with Lothian Buses serving routes to and from Old Town. If you're coming from Edinburgh Airport, the Airlink 100 bus provides a direct route to Waverley Bridge, just a short distance from Old Town.

Old Town is best explored on foot due to its narrow streets and historic architecture. Public transport options include buses operated by Lothian Buses, which are frequent and cover key areas. For a unique experience, consider hiring a bicycle from one of the local rental shops. Taxis are also available and can be hailed on the street or booked via apps. The Old Town is compact, and many attractions are within walking distance, making it convenient for tourists.

Old Town is generally safe for tourists, but standard precautions should be taken. Avoid poorly lit areas at night, especially around the Cowgate and parts of the Grassmarket, which can be less populated. Keep your belongings secure in crowded places like the Royal Mile, where pickpocketing can occur. Always stay aware of your surroundings and trust your instincts when exploring.

In case of an emergency, dial 999 for police, fire, or medical assistance. The nearest hospital is the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh. It's advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies. For minor health issues, local pharmacies are available throughout Old Town. Always carry a copy of your passport and any important documents in case of emergencies.

Fashion: Do wear comfortable shoes for walking; Old Town's cobblestone streets can be uneven. Don't wear overly casual attire when dining in nicer establishments. Religion: Do be respectful when visiting churches and cathedrals; covering shoulders and knees is recommended. Public Transport: Do be courteous and offer your seat to those in need. Don't eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet locals with a smile and 'hello'. Don't interrupt when someone is speaking, as it's seen as disrespectful. Eating & Drinking: Do try local dishes and enjoy a whisky tasting. Don't waste food; it's considered impolite to leave large amounts uneaten.

To experience Old Town like a local, visit the many hidden alleys and closes that reveal the area’s history. Engage in local events or festivals that may be happening during your visit, such as the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. For authentic dining, seek out pubs frequented by locals rather than tourist traps. Consider joining a guided walking tour to learn more about the history and culture of the area from knowledgeable guides.