Apano Kastro: Naxos's Venetian Fortress

Apano Kastro, meaning "Upper Castle," is a captivating historical site near Tsikalario, Naxos, offering a glimpse into the island's strategic past. The fortress stands on a commanding hilltop, approximately 420 meters high, providing breathtaking views of the surrounding valleys and the Aegean Sea.Originally fortified in antiquity, Apano Kastro was significantly developed during the Venetian rule in the 13th and 14th centuries. The Venetians, seeking to control the inland and protect against pirate raids, reconstructed and expanded the castle, using it as a defensive stronghold and administrative center. They named it "Apano" to distinguish it from the "Kato Kastro" (lower castle) in Naxos Town (Chora).Visitors can explore the ruins of the castle, which include remnants of the outer and inner fortifications. The outer walls once enclosed the base of the hill, providing refuge for the local population during raids. The inner citadel, located at the hilltop, features remains of a palace, churches, and cisterns carved into the rock. Several chapels, such as Virgin Mary Kastriani and Saint George, were built near the castle walls.The hike to Apano Kastro is a rewarding experience, offering stunning views and a chance to connect with Naxos's rich history. The trail from Tsikalario leads through a changing landscape, passing a Geometric cemetery and offering panoramic vistas.