Valletta: The Jewel of the Mediterranean

• HelloMerħba
  [merh-ba]
• GoodbyeĊaw
  [chaw]
• YesIva
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• NoLe
  [leh]
• Please/You're welcomeJekk jogħġbok
  [yekk yoj-bok]
• Thank youGrazzi
  [grat-see]
• Excuse me/SorrySkuzani
  [skoo-za-nee]
• How are you?Kif int?
  [keef int]
• Fine. And you?Tajjeb. U int?
  [tai-yeb. oo int]
• Do you speak English?Titkellem bl-Ingliz?
  [tit-kel-lem bl-ing-lees]
• I don't understandMa nifhimx
  [ma neef-heems]

• I'd like to see the menu, pleaseNixtieq nara l-menù, jekk jogħġbok
  [nis-tyek na-ra l-men-oo, yekk yoj-bok]
• I don't eat meatMa niekolx laħam
  [ma nee-e-kolsh la-ham]
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  [sleem]
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• I'd like to buy...Nixtieq inixtri...
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  [ked in-ha-res bis]
• How much is it?Kam jiswa?
  [kam yis-wa]
• That's too expensiveDan huwa wisq għoli
  [dan hoo-wa wees gho-lee]
• Can you lower the price?Tista' tgħallem il-prezz?
  [tis-ta t-al-lem il-prez]

• What time is it?X'ħin hu?
  [shin hoo]
• It's one o'clockHuwa l-ewwel siegħa
  [hoo-wa l-ew-wel see-ya]
• Half past (10)Noqghod fuq nofs
  [nodge fuq nofsh]
• MorningFilgħodu
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• Where's a/the...?Fejn hemm...
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  [shoo l-in-di-reez]
• Can you show me (on the map)?Tista' turi lili (fuq il-mappa)?
  [tis-ta tu-ree lee-lee fooq il-map-pa]
• When's the next (bus)?Meta l-bus li ġej?
  [me-ta l-boos lee jay]
• A ticket (to ....)Biljett (għal ....)
  [bil-yett al]

Valletta, the capital city of Malta, was founded in 1566 by the Order of St. John after the Great Siege of Malta. Named after Grand Master Jean Parisot de Valette, who led the defense against the Ottoman Empire, Valletta was designed as a fortress city, combining both military and civic functions.

The Great Siege of Malta in 1565 was a pivotal moment in the island's history. The Knights of St. John, along with the Maltese population, successfully defended the island against a massive Ottoman invasion. This victory not only ensured the survival of the Order but also led to the construction of Valletta as a fortified city.

St. John's Co-Cathedral, completed in 1577, is one of Valletta's most significant landmarks. Originally the conventual church of the Knights of St. John, its baroque interior is renowned for its elaborate decoration, including the famous Caravaggio painting 'The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist'.

In 1800, Malta voluntarily became part of the British Empire following the French occupation. Valletta served as a crucial naval base for the British, especially during the Napoleonic Wars. British influence is still evident in the city's architecture and infrastructure.

During World War II, Valletta played a crucial role due to its strategic location in the Mediterranean. The city endured intense aerial bombardment by Axis forces, leading to extensive damage. Despite the hardships, Valletta and its residents were awarded the George Cross for their bravery and resilience.

Malta gained independence from British rule on September 21, 1964. Valletta, as the capital city, became the political and administrative heart of the newly independent nation. The city has since developed into a vibrant cultural and economic hub.

In 1980, Valletta was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city's unique baroque architecture, historical significance, and well-preserved fortifications contributed to this prestigious recognition, ensuring its preservation for future generations.

In 2018, Valletta was honored as the European Capital of Culture. This designation highlighted the city's rich cultural heritage and promoted various cultural events and initiatives, further enhancing its status as a vibrant cultural destination.

Valletta, the capital city of Malta, is accessible via Malta International Airport (MLA), located around 8 kilometers from the city center. From the airport, you can take a taxi, which takes approximately 20 minutes to reach Valletta. Alternatively, there are regular bus services (routes X4, X5, X7, and TD2) that connect the airport to Valletta. Ferries also operate from Sicily to Malta, docking at the Grand Harbour in Valletta.

Valletta is a compact city, and its attractions are easily reachable on foot. For longer distances, public buses are the primary mode of transportation, with an extensive network connecting Valletta to other parts of Malta. Taxis are also available but can be more expensive. Another unique option is the ferry service that connects Valletta to Sliema and the Three Cities. Renting a car is not recommended due to limited parking and narrow streets.

The official currency in Malta is the Euro (€). Credit and debit cards are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops. However, it is advisable to carry some cash for smaller establishments and markets. ATMs are readily available throughout Valletta, and currency exchange services can be found at banks and exchange offices.

Valletta is generally a safe city for tourists. However, like any urban area, it is important to stay vigilant. Be cautious in crowded places to avoid pickpocketing. Avoid walking alone late at night in poorly lit areas. The area around the bus terminus can be busier and may attract petty crime, so keep an eye on your belongings.

In case of emergency, dial 112 for immediate assistance from police, fire, or medical services. Valletta has several pharmacies for minor health issues, and the main public hospital, Mater Dei Hospital, is located in Msida, a short drive from Valletta. It is advisable to have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies.

Fashion: Do dress modestly, especially when visiting religious sites. Avoid wearing overly revealing clothing. Religion: Do respect local customs and traditions. Always cover your shoulders and knees when entering churches. Public Transport: Do be respectful and give up your seat to elderly passengers. Don’t eat or drink on public transport. Greetings: Do greet people with a friendly handshake and a smile. Eating & Drinking: Do try local Maltese dishes and accept food offerings graciously. Don’t refuse hospitality, as it is considered impolite.

To experience Valletta like a local, visit the daily market at Merchant Street for fresh produce and local crafts. Engage with the locals, who are known for their friendliness and willingness to share stories about Malta’s history and culture. Don’t miss the traditional Maltese festa celebrations if your visit coincides with one. For a unique experience, attend a performance at the Manoel Theatre, one of the oldest working theatres in Europe.